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ies for indigenous peoples 2 5 1 status 2 5 2 land rights 2 5 3 indigenous peoples resistance 2 6 japanization 2 7 world war ii 2 7 1 war 2 7 2 military service 2 7 3 comfort women 2 8 end of japanese rule 3 administration 4 economy 5 education 6 demographics toggle demographics subsection 6 1 indigenous peoples 6 2 overseas chinese 6 3 japanese colonists 7 social policy toggle social policy subsection 7 1 language 7 2 three vices 7 3 literature 7 4 art 8 change of governing authority 9 see also 10 notes 11 references toggle references subsection 11 1 citations 11 2 sources 12 further reading 13 external links toggle the table of contents taiwan under japanese rule 35 languages العربية asturianu تۆرکجه беларуская català 閩東語 mìng dĕ̤ng ngṳ̄ čeština dansk deutsch español فارسی suomi français 客家語 hak kâ ngî עברית magyar interlingua bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 ភាសាខ្មែរ 한국어 lietuvių bahasa melayu português русский simple english svenska ไทย türkçe українська tiếng việt 閩南語 bân lâm gí 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia 1895 1945 colony of the empire of japan taiwan 臺灣 1895 1945 flag coat of arms anthem 君が代 kimigayo his majesty s reign national seal 臺灣總督之印 seal of the governor general of taiwan national badge 臺字章 daijishō taiwan within the empire of japan status part of the empire of japan colony 1 capital and largest city taihoku official languages japanese common languages taiwanese hakka formosan languages religion state shintō buddhism taoism confucianism chinese folk religion demonyms taiwanese formosan government government general emperor 1895 1912 meiji 1912 1926 taishō 1926 1945 shōwa governor general 1895 1896 first kabayama sukenori 1944 1945 last rikichi andō historical era empire of japan treaty of shimonoseki 17 april 1895 destruction of the republic of formosa 21 october 1895 wushe rebellion 27 october 1930 surrender of japan 15 august 1945 returned to chinese control 25 october 1945 treaty of san francisco 28 april 1952 treaty of taipei 5 august 1952 currency taiwanese yen iso 3166 code tw preceded by succeeded by republic of formosa republic of china today part of republic of china taiwan chinese name traditional chinese 臺灣 or 台灣 simplified chinese 台湾 postal taiwan transcriptions standard mandarin hanyu pinyin táiwān bopomofo ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ gwoyeu romatzyh tair uan wade giles t ai 2 wan 1 tongyong pinyin táiwan mps2 táiwān wu romanization wu chinese pronunciation d̥e uɛ yue cantonese jyutping toi 4 waan 1 southern min hokkien poj tâi oân eastern min fuzhou buc dài uăng japanese ruled taiwan traditional chinese 日治 臺灣 simplified chinese 日治 台湾 transcriptions standard mandarin hanyu pinyin rìzhì táiwān bopomofo ㄖˋㄓˋ ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ wade giles jih 4 chih 4 tʻai 2 wan 1 yue cantonese jyutping jat 6 zi 6 toi 4 waan 1 southern min hokkien poj ji̍t tī tâi oân eastern min fuzhou buc nĭk dê dài uăng japanese occupied taiwan traditional chinese 日據 臺灣 simplified chinese 日据 台湾 transcriptions standard mandarin hanyu pinyin rìjù táiwān bopomofo ㄖˋㄐㄩˋ ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢ wade giles jih 4 chü 4 tʻai 2 wan 1 yue cantonese jyutping jat 6 geoi 3 toi 4 waan 1 southern min hokkien poj ji̍t kù tâi oân japanese name hiragana だいにっぽんていこくたいわん katakana ダイニッポンテイコクタイワン kyūjitai 大日本帝國臺灣 shinjitai 大日本帝国台湾 transcriptions romanization dai nippon teikoku taiwan part of a series on the history of taiwan chronological prehistory to 1624 dutch formosa 1624 1662 spanish formosa 1626 1642 kingdom of tungning 1662 1683 qing rule 1683 1895 republic of formosa 1895 japanese rule 1895 1945 republic of china rule 1945 present topical cultural dance economic educational historiography kuomintang cultural policy law lgbt military postal television local kaohsiung taipei kingdom of middag lists timeline rulers archaeological sites taiwan portal v t e part of a series on japanese nationalism ideologies essentialism fascism emperor system para statism restoration ultra internet netto uyoku minzoku new right national conservatism acm cultural neo ultra neo nihon religious nichirenism principles authoritarianism bushido constitutional reform corporatism fukoku kyōhei hierarchy historical negationism nanjing massacre denial imperialism irredentism japanese culture japanization kokutai militarism monarchism bansei ikkei emperor system mythology arahitogami natalism nativism nihonjinron pan asianism patriotism racism chinese korean russian reactionary sovereignty state shinto supremacism wa xenophobia yamato damashii history sonnō jōi meiji restoration satsuma rebellion imperial rescript on education first sino japanese war hibiya incendiary incident february 26 incident second sino japanese war japan during world war ii new political order pacific war propaganda assassination of inejirō asanuma mishima incident act on national flag and anthem colonies and puppet states of empire burma china beijing east hebei manchukuo mengjiang nanjing 1937 1940 shanghai india kampuchea korea luang prabang philippines south sakhalin south seas mandate taiwan vietnam repression mass killings and war crimes comfort women kantō massacre manila massacre nanjing massacre unit 731 intellectuals chogyū etō fukuda hayashi hirata hyakuta ishiwara kakuzō kanokogi kita kobayashi hideo kobayashi yoshinori masaki minobe mayuzumi mizushima mishima miyake nishibe nishio ōen oh ōkawa oshikawa sakurai shiga shimoi shinkichi sono sugiyama tadayuki takabatake tanaka tetsujirō watanabe yatsuka yanagita literature bushido the soul of japan 1899 kokutairon and pure socialism 1906 an investigation of global policy 1943 patriotism 1960 sun and steel 1968 the japan that can say no 1989 the dignity of the nation 2005 the eternal zero 2006 politicians abe akamatsu araki asō hashimoto kingoro hashimoto tōru hiranuma hirohito hyakuta hirota inada ishihara kamiya kawamura kiichirō kishi koike koiso koizumi junichiro koizumi shinjirō konoe masaki matsuoka nakano nakasone saigō suga sugita takaichi tsuji tojo hideki tojo yuko activists akao fujioka gilbert higashinakano inoue kase kodama motoya nomura ryōhei sakurai sasakawa tachibana tamogami toyama yamaguchi parties active conservative party of japan greater japan patriotic party japan first party liberal democratic party national socialist japanese workers party restoration political party sanseitō tokyoites first party defunct genzei nippon imperial rule assistance association imperial subject public service association league of mobilization in korea japan farmers party japan restoration party kokumin dōmei national democratic party party for japanese kokoro party of hope sunrise party tōhōkai organisations active ganbare nippon japanese culture channel sakura japanese society for history textbook reform kokusui kai nippon kaigi sankei shimbun zaitokukai defunct black dragon society gen yōsha kenkokukai kōdōha kokuryūkai national defense brotherhood reform bureaucrats sakurakai seiwa seisaku kenkyūkai tatenokai volunteer army unit for punishing traitors symbols and disputes imperial seal kimigayo rising sun flag territorial disputes chishima jdz senkaku takeshima yamato nadeshiko yasukuni shrine related topics anti kurdish sentiment asian monroeism conservatism in japan gaijin greater east asia co prosperity sphere hakkō ichiu kokugaku political extremism far right propaganda in japan satō kishi abe family uyoku dantai conservatism portal japan portal v t e the island of taiwan along with the penghu islands became an annexed territory of the empire of japan in 1895 when the qing dynasty ceded fujian taiwan province in the treaty of shimonoseki after the japanese victory in the first sino japanese war after japanese forces crushed the consequent republic of formosa resistance movement japan ruled taiwan for 50 years its capital was located in taihoku taipei the seat of the governor general of taiwan taiwan was japan s first colony and can be viewed as the first step in implementing their southern expansion doctrine of the late 19th century japan which aimed to turn taiwan into a showpiece model colony made efforts to improve the island s economy public works industry cultural japanization 1937 to 1945 and support the necessities of japanese military aggression in the asia pacific 2 japan established monopolies and by 1945 had taken over all sales of opium salt camphor tobacco alcohol matches weights and measures and petroleum on the island 3 most taiwanese children did not attend schools established by japan until primary education was made mandatory in 1943 4 5 6 japanese administrative rule of taiwan ended in october 1945 after japan surrendered to end world war ii in august of that year and the territory was placed under the control of the republic of china roc by general order no 1 from us general douglas macarthur 7 japan formally renounced its sovereignty over taiwan in the treaty of san francisco effective 28 april 1952 terminology edit whether the period should be called taiwan under japanese rule chinese 日治時期 or taiwan under japanese occupation chinese 日據時期 in chinese is a controversial issue in taiwan and highly depends on the speaker s political stance 8 9 10 11 12 13 in 2013 the executive yuan under the kuomintang rule ordered the government to use taiwan under japanese occupation 11 14 15 in 2016 after the government switching to the democratic progressive party the executive yuan said the order was not in force 16 taiwanese historical scholar chou wan yao zh believed the term taiwan under japanese rule is more accurate and natural when describing the period and compared it with india under british rule 10 in contrast taiwanese political scientist chang ya chung insisted that the term taiwan under japanese occupation respecting the long resistance history in taiwan under japanese rule 17 taiwanese historical scholar wang chung fu zh indicated that the terminology controversy is more about historical perspective than historical fact 11 the term japanese period chinese 日本時代 pe̍h ōe jī ji̍t pún sî tāi has been used in taiwanese hokkien and taiwanese hakka 16 history edit see also history of taiwan background edit early contact edit the japanese had been trading for chinese products in taiwan formerly known as highland nation japanese 高砂国 hepburn takasago koku since before the dutch arrived in 1624 in 1593 toyotomi hideyoshi planned to incorporate taiwan into his empire and sent an envoy with a letter demanding tribute 18 the letter was never delivered since there was no authority to receive it in 1609 the tokugawa shogunate sent harunobu arima on an exploratory mission of the island 19 in 1609 and 1615 tokugawa ieyasu sent expeditions to attack penghu and taiwan general shen of wuyu was sent to keelung against the japanese invaders and sunk one of their ships forcing them to retreat 20 in 1616 nagasaki official murayama tōan sent 13 vessels to conquer taiwan the fleet was dispersed by a typhoon and the one junk that reached taiwan was ambushed by headhunters after which the expedition left and raided the chinese coast instead 18 21 22 in 1625 the senior leadership of the dutch united east india company dutch verenigde oostindische compagnie voc in batavia modern jakarta ordered the governor of the dutch colony on taiwan known to the dutch as formosa to prevent the japanese from trading on the island the chinese silk merchants refused to sell to the company because the japanese paid more the dutch also restricted japanese trade with the ming dynasty in response the japanese took on board 16 inhabitants from the aboriginal village of sinkan and returned to japan suetsugu heizō masanao housed the sinkanders in nagasaki the company sent a man named peter nuyts to japan where he learned about the sinkanders the shogun declined to meet the dutch and gave the sinkanders gifts nuyts arrived in taiwan before the sinkanders and refused to allow them to land before the sinkanders were jailed and their gifts confiscated the japanese took nuyts hostage and only released him in return for their safe passage back to japan with 200 picols of silk as well as the sinkanders freedom and the return of their gifts 23 the dutch blamed the chinese for instigating the sinkanders 24 the dutch dispatched a ship to repair relations with japan but it was seized and its crew imprisoned upon arrival the loss of the japanese trade made the taiwanese colony far less profitable and the authorities in batavia considered abandoning it before the dutch council of formosa urged them to keep it unless they wanted the portuguese and spanish to take over in june 1630 suetsugu died and his son masafusa allowed the company officials to reestablish communication with the shogun nuyts was sent to japan as a prisoner and remained there until 1636 when he returned to the netherlands after 1635 the shogun forbade japanese from going abroad and eliminated the japanese threat to the company the voc expanded into previous japanese markets in southeast asia in 1639 the shogun ended all contact with the portuguese the company s major silver trade competitor 23 the kingdom of tungning s merchant fleets continued to operate between japan and southeast asian countries reaping profits as a center of trade they extracted a tax from traders for safe passage through the taiwan strait zheng taiwan held a monopoly on certain commodities such as deer skin and sugarcane which sold at a high price in japan 25 mudan incident edit saigō with leaders of the seqalu tribe in taiwan japanese painting of the expedition forces attacking the mudan tribe 1874 in december 1871 a ryukyuan vessel shipwrecked on the southeastern tip of taiwan and 54 sailors were killed by aborigines 26 the survivors encountered aboriginal men presumably paiwanese who they followed to a small settlement kuskus where they were given food and water they claim they were robbed by their kuskus hosts during the night and in the morning they were ordered to stay put while hunters left to search for game to provide a feast the ryukyuans departed while the hunting party was away and found shelter in the home of a trading post serviceman deng tianbao the paiwanese men found the ryukyuans and slaughtered them nine ryukyuans hid in deng s home they moved to another settlement where they found refuge with deng s son in law yang youwang yang arranged for the ransom of three men and sheltered the survivors before sending them to taiwan prefecture modern tainan the ryukyuans headed home in july 1872 27 the shipwreck and murder of the sailors came to be known as the mudan incident although it did not take place in mudan j botan but at kuskus gaoshifo 28 the mudan incident did not immed...