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pmid 17170299 s2cid 7295726 roy rahul 2009 05 21 three dimensional topological invariants for time reversal invariant hamiltonians and the three dimensional quantum spin hall effect physical review b 79 195322 arxiv cond mat 0607531 doi 10 1103 physrevb 79 195322 s2cid 119407081 liang fu c l kane e j mele 2007 03 07 topological insulators in three dimensions physical review letters 98 10 106803 arxiv cond mat 0607699 bibcode 2007phrvl 98j6803f doi 10 1103 physrevlett 98 106803 pmid 17358555 s2cid 6037351 fu liang c l kane 2007 07 02 topological insulators with inversion symmetry physical review b 76 4 045302 arxiv cond mat 0611341 bibcode 2007phrvb 76d5302f doi 10 1103 physrevb 76 045302 s2cid 15011491 shuichi murakami 2007 phase transition between the quantum spin hall and insulator phases in 3d emergence of a topological gapless phase new journal of physics 9 9 356 arxiv 0710 0930 bibcode 2007njph 9 356m doi 10 1088 1367 2630 9 9 356 issn 1367 2630 s2cid 13999448 kane c l moore j e 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