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tradescantia (160), the (103), and (70), retrieved (40), hunt (30), #species (25), from (23), edit (21), are (21), 2022 (19), with (18), for (17), plants (16), zebrina (16), doi (15), 2020 (15), wandering (15), genus (13), this (12), pell (12), var (12), commelinaceae (11), plant (11), spiderwort (10), garden (10), name (10), matuda (10), articles (9), links (9), names (9), andersoniana (9), isbn (9), 2023 (9), kunth (9), rose (9), dead (8), united (8), anderson (8), 2015 (8), 9781786392145 (8), jew (8), spathacea (8), pallida (8), fluminensis (8), kew (8), pellegrini (8), have (8), schult (8), syn (8), view (7), wikipedia (7), was (7), external (7), link (7), june (7), flora (7), group (7), 2017 (7), royal (7), gardens (7), sections (7), virginiana (7), leaves (7), many (7), 2026 (6), sources (6), org (6), other (6), states (6), canada (6), america (6), common (6), cultivars (6), archived (6), original (6), society (6), bibcode (6), february (6), campelia (6), some (6), woodson (6), 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pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia genus of plants tradescantia tradescantia ohiensis scientific classification kingdom plantae clade tracheophytes clade angiosperms clade monocots clade commelinids order commelinales family commelinaceae subfamily commelinoideae tribe tradescantieae subtribe tradescantiinae genus tradescantia ruppius ex l 1 2 type species tradescantia virginiana l sections sections austrotradescantia campelia coholomia corinna cymbispatha mandonia parasetcreasea rhoeo separotheca setcreasea tradescantia zebrina synonyms 2 3 synonyms campelia rich cymbispatha pichon mandonia hassk 1871 not wedd 1864 nor sch bip 1865 neomandonia hutch neotreleasea rose rhoeo hance separotheca waterf setcreasea k schum syd treleasea rose illegitimate name zebrina schnizl ephemerum mill zanonia plum ex cramer 1803 not l 1753 etheosanthes raf heminema raf sarcoperis raf tropitria raf heterachthia kunze gonatandra schltdl disgrega hassk knowlesia hassk skofitzia hassk kanitz unusual example with four petals and eight anthers tradescantia ˌ t r æ d ə ˈ s k æ n t i ə 4 is a genus of 85 species 5 of herbaceous perennial wildflowers in the family commelinaceae native to the americas from southern canada to northern argentina including the west indies members of the genus are known by many common names including inchplant wandering jew wandering dude spiderwort dayflower and trad 6 7 8 9 tradescantia grow 30 60 cm tall 1 2 ft and are commonly found individually or in clumps in wooded areas and open fields they were introduced into europe as ornamental plants in the 17th century and are now grown in many parts of the world some species have become naturalized in regions of europe asia africa and australia and on some oceanic islands 3 the genus s many species are of interest to cytogenetics because of evolutionary changes in the structure and number of their chromosomes 10 they have also been used as bioindicators for the detection of environmental mutagens 11 some species have become pests to cultivated crops and considered invasive description edit tradescantia are herbaceous perennials and include both climbing and trailing species reaching 30 60 centimetres 0 98 1 97 ft in height the stems are usually succulent or semi succulent and the leaves are sometimes semi succulent 12 13 the leaves are long thin and blade like to lanceolate from 3 45 cm long 1 2 17 7 in the flowers can be white pink purple or blue with three petals and six yellow anthers or rarely four petals and eight anthers the sap is mucilaginous and clear a number of species have flowers that last for only a day opening in the morning and closing by the evening 14 etymology edit the scientific name of the genus chosen by carl linnaeus honours the english naturalists and explorers john tradescant the elder c 1570s 1638 and john tradescant the younger 1608 1662 15 16 who introduced many new plants to english gardens tradescant the younger visited the new colony of virginia in 1637 and possibly twice more in later years 17 18 from there the type species tradescantia virginiana was brought to england in 1629 plants of the genus are called by many common names varying by region and country the name inchplant is thought to describe the plant s fast growth 19 or the fact that leaves are an inch apart on the stem 20 spiderwort refers to the sap which dries into web like threads when a stem is cut 21 the name dayflower shared with other members of the commelinaceae family refers to the flowers which open and close within a single day the controversial name wandering jew originates from the christian myth of the wandering jew condemned to wander the earth for taunting jesus on the way to his crucifixion 22 in recent years there have been efforts to stop using this and other potentially offensive common names 23 in favour of alternatives such as wandering dude or wandering willie 24 25 in spanish tradescantia plants are sometimes referred to as flor de santa lucía saint lucy s flower in reference to the saint s reputation as the patron saint of sight and the use of the juice of the plant as eye drops to relieve congestion 26 taxonomy edit subdivisions and species edit tradescantia fluminensis subg austrotradescantia tradescantia spathacea subg campelia tradescantia brevifolia subg setcreasea the number of species and infrageneric taxa has changed throughout history the first major classification proposed by hunt 1980 included 60 species divided into eight sections with one section divided into a further four series 27 hunt s 1986 revision united several small genera with tradescantia as sections resulting in a total of twelve sections comprising 68 species 28 and this infrageneric classification was accepted for several decades a recent study by pellegrini 2017 proposed a new classification based on recent morphological research dividing the genus into five subgenera 12 as of december 2023 the royal botanic gardens kew recognises 86 species 5 subgenus austrotradescantia d r hunt m pell 29 tradescantia atlantica m pell tradescantia catharinensis hassemer funez syn t crassula var gaudichaudii 30 tradescantia cerinthoides kunth syn t blossfeldiana 31 tradescantia chrysophylla m pell syn t serrana 32 tradescantia crassula link otto syn t schwirkowskiana 33 tradescantia cymbispatha c b clarke tradescantia decora w bull syn t multibracteata t valida 34 tradescantia fluminensis vell tradescantia hertweckii m pell tradescantia mundula kunth syn t insularis 35 tradescantia seubertiana m pell tradescantia tenella kunth tradescantia tucumanensis m pell tradescantia umbraculifera hand mazz subgenus campelia rich m pell 28 36 sect campelia tradescantia zanonia l sw sect corinna d r hunt tradescantia soconuscana matuda sect cymbispatha pichon d r hunt tradescantia commelinoides schult schult f tradescantia deficiens brandegee tradescantia gracillima stand tradescantia grantii faden tradescantia plusiantha stand tradescantia poelliae d r hunt tradescantia praetermissa m pell tradescantia standleyi steyerm sect rhoeo hance d r hunt tradescantia spathacea sw sect zebrina schnizl d r hunt tradescantia huehueteca standl steyerm d r hunt tradescantia schippii d r hunt tradescantia zebrina heynh ex bosse var flocculosa g brückn d r hunt var mollipila d r hunt var zebrina subgenus mandonia d r hunt m pell tradescantia ambigua mart ex schult schult f tradescantia andrieuxii c b clarke tradescantia boliviana hassk j r grant tradescantia burchii d r hunt tradescantia crassifolia cav var acaulis m martens galeotti c b clarke var crassifolia tradescantia exaltata d r hunt tradescantia gentryi d r hunt tradescantia guiengolensis matuda tradescantia iridescens lindl syn t crassifolia var acaulis tradescantia llamasii matuda tradescantia masonii matuda tradescantia mcvaughii d r hunt tradescantia mixtecana hern cárdenas lópez ferr espejo tradescantia murilloae zamudio et al tradescantia nuevoleonensis matuda tradescantia peninsularis brandegee tradescantia petricola j r grant tradescantia tepoxtlana matuda tradescantia velutina kunth c d bouché subgenus setcreasea k schum sydow m pell tradescantia brevifolia torr rose tradescantia buckleyi i m johnst d r hunt tradescantia hirta d r hunt tradescantia leiandra torr tradescantia mirandae matuda tradescantia orchidophylla rose hemsl tradescantia pallida rose d r hunt tradescantia pygmaea d r hunt tradescantia rozynskii matuda tradescantia sillamontana matuda subgenus tradescantia tradescantia bracteata small ex britton tradescantia cirrifera mart tradescantia edwardsiana tharp tradescantia ernestiana e s anderson woodson tradescantia gigantea rose tradescantia gypsophila b l turner tradescantia hirsuticaulis small tradescantia hirsutiflora bush tradescantia humilis rose tradescantia longipes e s anderson woodson tradescantia monosperma brandegee tradescantia occidentalis britton smyth var melanthera macroberts var scopulorum rose e s anderson woodson var occidentalis tradescantia ohiensis raf tradescantia ozarkana e s anderson woodson tradescantia pedicellata celarier tradescantia pinetorum greene tradescantia reverchonii bush tradescantia roseolens small tradescantia stenophylla brandegee tradescantia subacaulis bush tradescantia subaspera ker gawl var montana shuttlew ex small vail e s anderson woodson var subaspera tradescantia subtilis matuda syn t maysillesii tradescantia tharpii e s anderson woodson tradescantia virginiana l tradescantia wrightii rose bush unclassified edit tradescantia petiolaris m e jones formerly placed here edit tradescantia andersoniana w ludw rohweder 37 38 the name was published with no description so is not a valid botanical name 39 the taxon is now treated as a cultivar group 40 callisia navicularis ortgies d r hunt as t navicularis ortgies callisia warszewicziana kunth c d bouché d r hunt as t warszewicziana kunth c d bouché gibasis geniculata jacq rohweder as t geniculata jacq gibasis karwinskyana schult schult f rohweder as t karwinskyana schult schult f gibasis pellucida m martens galeotti d r hunt as t pellucida m martens galeotti siderasis fuscata lodd et al h e moore as t fuscata lodd et al tinantia anomala torr c b clarke as t anomala torr tripogandra diuretica mart handlos as t diuretica mart elasis hirsuta kunth d r hunt as t hirsuta 12 distribution and habitat edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed september 2026 learn how and when to remove this message the first species described the virginia spiderwort t virginiana is native to the eastern united states from maine to alabama and canada in southern ontario virginia spiderwort was introduced to europe in 1629 where it is cultivated as a garden flower the natural range of the genus as a whole spans nearly the entire length and width of mainland north america from canada through mexico and central america and thrives in a great diversity of temperate and tropical habitats it is frequently found in thinly wooded deciduous forests plains prairies and healthy fields often alongside other native wildflowers conservation edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed september 2026 learn how and when to remove this message the western spiderwort t occidentalis is listed as an endangered species in canada where the northernmost populations of the species are found at a few sites in southern saskatchewan manitoba and alberta it is more common further south in the united states to texas and arizona cultivation edit tradescantia plants are widely used for ground cover in gardens spiderworts are popular in europe and north america as ornamental plants temperate species are grown as hardy garden perennials while tropical species such as t zebrina and t spathacea are used as house plants 16 their popularity and easy spreading nature has led to some species being considered serious weeds in certain places see below most cold hardy garden plants belong to the andersoniana group often referred to with the invalid name tradescantia andersoniana 41 this is a group of interspecific hybrids developed from tradescantia virginiana t ohiensis and t subaspera which have overlapping ranges within continental north america 16 these plants are clump forming herbaceous perennials with individual cultivars mainly differing in flower colour 42 a wide range of tender tropical species are cultivated as houseplants or outdoor annuals in temperate locations including tradescantia zebrina t fluminensis t spathacea t sillamontana and t pallida 43 44 they are typically grown for their foliage and many have colourful variegated patterns of silver purple green pink and gold 44 cultivars edit the following cultivars have gained the royal horticultural society s award of garden merit 45 t andersoniana group concord grape t cerinthoides nanouk t cerinthoides variegata t fluminensis aurea t fluminensis quicksilver t pallida purpurea t spathacea rainbow t zebrina purpusii t zebrina quadricolor the international society for horticultural science appointed tradescantia hub as an international cultivar registration authority icra for tradescantia in 2022 as an icr authority the hub is responsible for recording and maintaining a checklist of the correct names for all cultivars in the genus 46 weeds edit due to its ready propagation from stem fragments and its domination of the ground layer in many forest environments t fluminensis has become a major environmental weed in australia 47 new zealand and the southern united states 48 other species considered invasive weeds in certain places include t pallida 49 t spathacea 50 and t zebrina 51 toxicity edit some members of the genus tradescantia may cause allergic reactions in pets especially cats and dogs characterised by red itchy skin 52 notable culprits include t albiflora scurvy weed t spathacea moses in the cradle and t pallida purple heart uses edit native americans used t virginiana to treat a number of conditions including stomachache it was also used as a food source 16 the cells of the stamen hairs of some tradescantia are colored blue but when exposed to sources of ionizing radiation such as gamma rays or pollutants like sulphur dioxide from industries the cells mutate and change color to pink they are one of the few tissues known to serve as an effective bioassay for ambient radiation levels 11 16 gallery edit front view of leaves of tradescantia pallida purpurea back view of leaves of tradescantia pallida purpurea front view of leaves of tradescantia zebrina violet hill back view of leaves of tradescantia zebrina violet hill a budding tradescantia flower tradescantia andersoniana group red grape references edit linnaeus sp pl 288 1753 1 2 genus tradescantia l germplasm resources information network united states department of agriculture 2004 08 10 archived from the original on 2011 06 05 retrieved 2011 03 20 1 2 kew world checklist of selected plant families royal botanic gardens kew retrieved 2020 07 08 permanent dead link brenzel kathleen norris ed march 1995 sunset western garden book sunset books 6th ed menlo park california sunset publishing corporation pp 606 607 isbn 0 376 03851 9 oclc 32666922 1 2 tradescantia ruppius ex l plants of the world online royal botanic gardens kew retrieved 2022 01 20 tradescantia spiderwort planting and growing guide seasonal gardening archived from the original on 7 june 2023 retrieved 4 february 2022 wandering trad pdf department of agriculture and fisheries queensland retrieved 13 june 2023 the wandering dude plant makes a pretty addition to your home country living 2023 10 23 retrieved 2026 06 09 nrcs tradescantia plants database united states depa...