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upper, cretaceous, 1957, 21665623, pmid, 0002, 9122, issn, 3732, ajb, american, botany, martinez, 1989, triuridales, una, nueva, familia, mexico, 135, jstor, 2307, 128, annals, missouri, weustenfeld, 1998, kubitzki, berlin, germany, springer, verlag, 540, 64060, isbn, vascular, vol, gardens, neotropical, christenhusz, byng, 2016, magnolia, press, 217, 11646, 201, number, annual, increase, 121, 10654, 18083, hdl, 1111, 1095, 8339, 00996, 105, 161, linnean, society, update, for, orders, hemsl, champion, blume, martínez, williams, reviewed, 2005, list, two, 2003, that, therefore, turonian, andruris, genus, sometimes, own, allied, based, places, them, among, commelinid, system, circumscription, unstable, some, taxa, paraphyletic, tepals, which, fused, base, contain, many, tropical, subtropical, including, nine, total, approximately, all, members, lack, chlorophyll, mycoheterotrophic, obtain, food, digesting, intracellular, fungi, often, erroneously, called, saprophytes, heterotrophic, 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triuridaceae wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 systematics 2 references 3 external links toggle the table of contents triuridaceae 27 languages asturianu azərbaycanca bosanski català cebuano čeština deutsch esperanto español suomi français hrvatski bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 한국어 nederlands norsk bokmål polski português русский српски srpski svenska українська tiếng việt winaray 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia family of flowering plants triuridaceae sciaphila secundiflora scientific classification kingdom plantae clade tracheophytes clade angiosperms clade monocots order pandanales family triuridaceae gardner 1 genera see text flower of lacandonia schismatica triuridaceae are a family of tropical and subtropical flowering plants including nine genera with a total of approximately 55 known species 2 all members lack chlorophyll and are mycoheterotrophic obtain food by digesting intracellular fungi often erroneously called saprophytes the heterotrophic lifestyle of these plants has resulted in a loss of xylem vessels and stomata and a reduction of leaves to scales 3 the flowers of triuridaceae have tepals which are fused at the base and contain 10 to many free carpels systematics edit the circumscription of triuridaceae has been unstable and some taxa may be paraphyletic 4 5 triuridaceae have been allied with alismataceae based on the free carpels but the apg iii system 2009 places them among the non commelinid monocots in the order pandanales the genus lacandonia is sometimes placed in its own family lacandoniaceae 3 6 triuridaceae are included in the kew royal botanical garden world checklist of selected plant families and were reviewed by h maas van de kamer and p maas van de kamer in 2005 7 in this list the genera andruris and hyalisma are subsumed into sciaphila and hexuris is subsumed into peltophyllum but two new genera kupea and kihansia are included both genera were described and placed in triuridaceae in 2003 mabelia and nuhliantha are fossil genera that were both described in 2002 from the turonian of new jersey 8 the included genera therefore are kihansia cheek kupea cheek s a williams lacandonia e martínez ramos mabelia gandolfo nixon et crepet nuhliantha gandolfo nixon et crepet peltophyllum gardner syn hexuris miers sciaphila blume syn hyalisma champion seychellaria hemsl soridium miers triuridopsis h maas maas triuris miers triuridaceae kihansia kupea seychellaria sciaphila soridium peltophyllum triuridopsis triuris lacandonia references edit angiosperm phylogeny group 2009 an update of the angiosperm phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants apg iii botanical journal of the linnean society 161 2 105 121 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 2009 00996 x hdl 10654 18083 christenhusz m j m byng j w 2016 the number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase phytotaxa 261 3 magnolia press 201 217 doi 10 11646 phytotaxa 261 3 1 1 2 neotropical triuridaceae kew royal botanical gardens retrieved 2012 10 31 triuridaceae in apg iii retrieved 2012 10 31 maas van de kamer h t weustenfeld 1998 kubitzki k ed the families and genera of vascular plants vol 3 berlin germany springer verlag isbn 3 540 64060 6 martinez e c h ramos 1989 lacandoniaceae triuridales una nueva familia de mexico annals of the missouri botanical garden 76 1 128 135 doi 10 2307 2399346 jstor 2399346 triuridaceae world checklist of selected plant families kew royal botanical garden retrieved 2012 10 31 gandolfo m a nixon k c crepet w l 2002 12 01 triuridaceae fossil flowers from the upper cretaceous of new jersey american journal of botany 89 12 1940 1957 doi 10 3732 ajb 89 12 1940 issn 0002 9122 pmid 21665623 external links edit triuridaceae archived 2021 04 19 at the wayback machine in l watson and m j dallwitz 1992 onwards the families of flowering plants archived 2007 01 03 at the wayback machine descriptions illustrations identification information retrieval http delta intkey com archived 2007 01 03 at the wayback machine monocot families usda the specialists at work photograph of sciaphila photographs of sciaphila ramosa photographs of sciaphila megastyla archived 2007 03 11 at the wayback machine type of sciaphila tosaensis ncbi taxonomy browser links at csdl texas v t e families of flowering plants apg iv supergroup plant rhodophyta chlorophyta marchantiophyta bryophyta anthocerotophyta polypodiophyta acrogymnospermae angiospermae basal angio sperms amborellales amborellaceae nymphaeales hydatellaceae cabombaceae nymphaeaceae austrobaileyales austrobaileyaceae trimeniaceae schisandraceae mesangiospermae magnoliidae canellales canellaceae winteraceae piperales aristolochiaceae saururaceae piperaceae magnoliales myristicaceae magnoliaceae degeneriaceae himantandraceae eupomatiaceae annonaceae laurales calycanthaceae siparunaceae gomortegaceae atherospermataceae hernandiaceae monimiaceae lauraceae chloranthidae chloranthales chloranthaceae lilidae monocots acorales acoraceae alismatales araceae tofieldiaceae alismataceae butomaceae hydrocharitaceae scheuchzeriaceae aponogetonaceae juncaginaceae maundiaceae zosteraceae potamogetonaceae posidoniaceae ruppiaceae cymodoceaceae petrosaviales petrosaviaceae dioscoreales nartheciaceae burmanniaceae dioscoreaceae pandanales triuridaceae velloziaceae stemonaceae cyclanthaceae pandanaceae liliales campynemataceae corsiaceae melanthiaceae petermanniaceae alstroemeriaceae colchicaceae philesiaceae ripogonaceae smilacaceae liliaceae asparagales orchidaceae boryaceae blandfordiaceae asteliaceae lanariaceae hypoxidaceae doryanthaceae ixioliriaceae tecophilaeaceae iridaceae xeronemataceae asphodelaceae amaryllidaceae asparagaceae arecales dasypogonaceae arecaceae commelinales hanguanaceae commelinaceae philydraceae pontederiaceae haemodoraceae zingiberales strelitziaceae lowiaceae heliconiaceae musaceae cannaceae marantaceae costaceae zingiberaceae poales typhaceae bromeliaceae rapateaceae xyridaceae eriocaulaceae mayacaceae thurniaceae juncaceae cyperaceae restionaceae flagellariaceae joinvilleaceae ecdeiocoleaceae poaceae ceratophyllidae ceratophyllales ceratophyllaceae eudicots buxales buxaceae proteales sabiaceae nelumbonaceae platanaceae proteaceae ranunculales eupteleaceae papaveraceae circaeasteraceae lardizabalaceae menispermaceae berberidaceae ranunculaceae trochodendrales trochodendraceae dilleniales dilleniaceae gunnerales myrothamnaceae gunneraceae superrosids saxifragales peridiscaceae paeoniaceae altingiaceae hamamelidaceae cercidiphyllaceae daphniphyllaceae iteaceae grossulariaceae saxifragaceae crassulaceae aphanopetalaceae tetracarpaeaceae penthoraceae haloragaceae cynomoriaceae rosids vitales vitaceae fabids cucurbitales apodanthaceae anisophylleaceae corynocarpaceae coriariaceae cucurbitaceae tetramelaceae datiscaceae begoniaceae fabales quillajaceae fabaceae surianaceae polygalaceae fagales nothofagaceae fagaceae myricaceae juglandaceae casuarinaceae ticodendraceae betulaceae rosales rosaceae barbeyaceae dirachmaceae elaeagnaceae rhamnaceae ulmaceae cannabaceae moraceae urticaceae zygophyllales krameriaceae zygophyllaceae celastrales lepidobotryaceae celastraceae malpighiales pandaceae irvingiaceae ctenolophonaceae rhizophoraceae erythroxylaceae ochnaceae bonnetiaceae clusiaceae calophyllaceae podostemaceae hypericaceae caryocaraceae lophopyxidaceae putranjivaceae centroplacaceae elatinaceae malpighiaceae balanopaceae trigoniaceae dichapetalaceae euphroniaceae chrysobalanaceae humiriaceae achariaceae violaceae goupiaceae passifloraceae lacistemataceae salicaceae peraceae rafflesiaceae euphorbiaceae linaceae ixonanthaceae picrodendraceae phyllanthaceae oxalidales huaceae connaraceae oxalidaceae cunoniaceae elaeocarpaceae cephalotaceae brunelliaceae malvids brassicales akaniaceae tropaeolaceae moringaceae caricaceae limnanthaceae setchellanthaceae koeberliniaceae bataceae salvadoraceae emblingiaceae tovariaceae pentadiplandraceae gyrostemonaceae resedaceae capparaceae cleomaceae brassicaceae crossosomatales aphloiaceae geissolomataceae strasburgeriaceae staphyleaceae guamatelaceae stachyuraceae crossosomataceae geraniales geraniaceae francoaceae huerteales gerrardinaceae petenaeaceae tapisciaceae dipentodontaceae malvales cytinaceae muntingiaceae neuradaceae malvaceae sphaerosepalaceae thymelaeaceae bixaceae cistaceae sarcolaenaceae dipterocarpaceae myrtales combretaceae lythraceae onagraceae vochysiaceae myrtaceae melastomataceae crypteroniaceae alzateaceae penaeaceae picramniales picramniaceae sapindales biebersteiniaceae nitrariaceae kirkiaceae burseraceae anacardiaceae sapindaceae rutaceae simaroubaceae meliaceae superasterids berberidopsidales aextoxicaceae berberidopsidaceae caryophyllales frankeniaceae tamaricaceae plumbaginaceae polygonaceae droseraceae nepenthaceae drosophyllaceae dioncophyllaceae ancistrocladaceae rhabdodendraceae simmondsiaceae physenaceae asteropeiaceae macarthuriaceae microteaceae caryophyllaceae achatocarpaceae amaranthaceae stegnospermataceae limeaceae lophiocarpaceae kewaceae barbeuiaceae gisekiaceae aizoaceae phytolaccaceae petiveriaceae sarcobataceae nyctaginaceae molluginaceae montiaceae didiereaceae basellaceae halophytaceae talinaceae portulacaceae anacampserotaceae cactaceae santalales olacaceae opiliaceae balanophoraceae santalaceae misodendraceae schoepfiaceae loranthaceae asterids cornales nyssaceae hydrostachyaceae hydrangeaceae loasaceae curtisiaceae grubbiaceae cornaceae ericales balsaminaceae marcgraviaceae tetrameristaceae fouquieriaceae polemoniaceae lecythidaceae sladeniaceae pentaphylacaceae sapotaceae ebenaceae primulaceae theaceae symplocaceae diapensiaceae styracaceae sarraceniaceae roridulaceae actinidiaceae clethraceae cyrillaceae ericaceae mitrastemonaceae lamiids icacinales oncothecaceae icacinaceae metteniusales metteniusaceae garryales eucommiaceae garryaceae gentianales rubiaceae gentianaceae loganiaceae gelsemiaceae apocynaceae boraginales boraginaceae vahliales vahliaceae solanales convolvulaceae solanaceae montiniaceae sphenocleaceae hydroleaceae lamiales plocospermataceae carlemanniaceae oleaceae tetrachondraceae calceolariaceae gesneriaceae plantaginaceae scrophulariaceae stilbaceae linderniaceae byblidaceae martyniaceae pedaliaceae acanthaceae bignoniaceae lentibulariaceae schlegeliaceae thomandersiaceae verbenaceae lamiaceae mazaceae phrymaceae paulowniaceae orobanchaceae campanulids apiales pennantiaceae torricelliaceae griseliniaceae pittosporaceae araliaceae myodocarpaceae apiaceae aquifoliales stemonuraceae cardiopteridaceae phyllonomaceae helwingiaceae aquifoliaceae asterales rousseaceae campanulaceae pentaphragmataceae stylidiaceae alseuosmiaceae phellinaceae argophyllaceae menyanthaceae goodeniaceae calyceraceae asteraceae bruniales columelliaceae bruniaceae dipsacales adoxaceae caprifoliaceae escalloniales escalloniaceae paracryphiales paracryphiaceae category taxon identifiers triuridaceae wikidata q131494 wikispecies triuridaceae apni 54562 atrf triuridaceae bold 533277 col hhr eol 8177 eppo 1truf fna 10917 foao2 triuridaceae foc 10917 gbif old 7705 grin 1152 inaturalist 62487 ipni 77126754 1 irmng 113197 itis 39091 ncbi 232376 open tree of life 501947 paleobiology database 52867 powo urn lsid ipni org names 77126754 1 tropicos 42000338 watson dallwitz triurida wfo wfo 7000000626 authority control databases national israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title triuridaceae oldid 1358363808 categories triuridaceae monocotyledon families hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles with species microformats webarchive template wayback links taxonbars with 20 24 taxon ids this page was last edited on 8 june 2026 at 06 00 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of 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