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f justice wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 headquarters 3 organization toggle organization subsection 3 1 leadership offices 3 2 divisions 3 3 law enforcement agencies 3 4 offices 3 5 other offices and programs 4 finances and budget 5 see also 6 footnotes 7 references 8 further reading 9 external links toggle the table of contents united states department of justice 50 languages aragonés العربية azərbaycanca башҡортса български brezhoneg català čeština cymraeg dansk deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français עברית hrvatski magyar bahasa indonesia íslenska italiano 日本語 қазақша 한국어 latina lietuvių latviešu bahasa melayu nederlands norsk bokmål polski português română русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски simple english shqip svenska ไทย türkçe українська اردو tiếng việt 閩南語 bân lâm gí 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikisource wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 38 53 36 n 77 1 30 w 38 89333 n 77 02500 w 38 89333 77 02500 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia u s federal executive department united states department of justice seal of the u s department of justice flag of the u s department of justice the robert f kennedy building is the headquarters of the u s department of justice 2024 agency overview formed july 1 1870 156 years ago 1870 07 01 type executive department jurisdiction u s federal government headquarters robert f kennedy department of justice building 950 pennsylvania avenue nw washington d c united states 38 53 36 n 77 1 30 w 38 89333 n 77 02500 w 38 89333 77 02500 motto qui pro domina justitia sequitur latin who prosecutes on behalf of justice or the lady justice 1 2 employees 113 114 2019 3 annual budget 37 52 billion fy 2024 agency executives todd blanche attorney general trent mccotter acting deputy attorney general stanley woodward jr associate attorney general d john sauer solicitor general website justice gov the united states department of justice doj is an executive department of the united states federal government that oversees the domestic enforcement of federal laws and the administration of justice it is equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries the department is headed by the united states attorney general who reports directly to the president of the united states and is a member of the president s cabinet todd blanche currently serves as the attorney general 4 the justice department contains most of the united states federal law enforcement agencies including the federal bureau of investigation the u s marshals service the bureau of alcohol tobacco firearms and explosives the drug enforcement administration and the federal bureau of prisons the department also has eight divisions of lawyers who represent the federal government in litigation the criminal civil antitrust tax civil rights environment and natural resources national security and justice management divisions the doj includes the united states attorneys offices for each of the 94 united states federal judicial districts the united states congress created the justice department in 1870 during the presidency of ulysses s grant its functions originally date to 1789 when congress created the office of the attorney general the department is headquartered in washington d c at the robert f kennedy department of justice building history edit the office of the attorney general was established by the judiciary act of 1789 5 until 1853 the salary of the attorney general was set by statute at less than the amount paid to other cabinet members early attorneys general supplemented their salaries by running private law practices often arguing cases before the courts as attorneys for paying litigants 2 the lightness of the office is exemplified by edward bates 1793 1869 attorney general under president abraham lincoln 1861 1864 bates had only a small operation with a staff of just six their main function was to generate legal opinions at the request of lincoln and cabinet members and to handle occasional cases before the supreme court however lincoln s cabinet was full of experienced lawyers who seldom felt the need to ask for his opinions in addition bates had no authority over u s attorneys across the country the federal court system was handled by the department of the interior and the department of the treasury handled claims most of the opinions turned out by bates s office were of minor importance lincoln gave him no special assignments and did not seek his advice on supreme court appointments bates did have an opportunity to comment on general policy as a cabinet member with a strong political base but he seldom spoke up 6 following unsuccessful efforts in 1830 and 1846 to make attorney general a full time job 2 in 1867 the united states house committee on the judiciary led by congressman william lawrence conducted an inquiry into the creation of a law department headed by the attorney general and also composed of the various department solicitors and united states attorneys on february 19 1868 lawrence introduced a bill in congress to create the department of justice president ulysses s grant signed the bill into law on june 22 1870 7 the act to establish the department of justice drastically increased the attorney general s responsibilities to include the supervision of all united states attorneys formerly under the department of the interior the prosecution of all federal crimes and the representation of the united states in all court actions barring the use of private attorneys by the federal government 8 the law also created the office of solicitor general to supervise and conduct government litigation in the supreme court of the united states 9 the organization of the department was a part of the general effort to control patronage retrenchment in the workforce and to improve the status of lawyers 10 grant appointed amos t akerman as attorney general and benjamin h bristow as america s first solicitor general the same week that congress created the department of justice the department s immediate function was to preserve civil rights it set about fighting against domestic terrorist groups who had been using both violence and litigation to oppose the 13th 14th and 15th amendments to the constitution 11 thomas nast illustration entitled halt published october 17 1874 both akerman and bristow used the department of justice to vigorously prosecute ku klux klan members in the early 1870s in the first few years of grant s first term in office there were 1000 indictments against klan members with over 550 convictions from the department of justice by 1871 there were 3000 indictments and 600 convictions with most only serving brief sentences while the ringleaders were imprisoned for up to five years in the federal penitentiary in albany new york the result was a dramatic decrease in violence in the south akerman gave credit to grant and told a friend that no one was better or stronger than grant when it came to prosecuting terrorists 12 george h williams who succeeded akerman in december 1871 continued to prosecute the klan throughout 1872 until the spring of 1873 during grant s second term in office williams then placed a moratorium on klan prosecutions partially because the justice department inundated by cases involving the klan did not have the manpower to continue prosecutions 13 with the passage of the interstate commerce act in 1887 the federal government took on some law enforcement responsibilities and the department of justice was tasked with performing these 14 in 1884 control of federal prisons was transferred to the new department from the department of the interior new facilities were built including the penitentiary at leavenworth in 1895 and a facility for women located in west virginia at alderson was established in 1924 15 in 1933 president franklin d roosevelt issued an executive order which gave the department of justice responsibility for the functions of prosecuting in the courts of the united states claims and demands by and offsenses sic against the government of the united states and of defending claims and demands against the government and of supervising the work of united states attorneys marshals and clerks in connection therewith now exercised by any agency or officer 16 following the watergate scandal reforms were enacted to enhance the independence of the justice department including the ethics in government act 17 and for the next 50 years subsequent attorneys general reinforced the independence of the department of justice from the president 18 further information democratic backsliding in the united states during the second trump presidency the department s independence and impartiality has shattered 19 20 the department has been used to target trump s political opponents trump reportedly demanded 230 million in compensation from the doj and the department ended an investigation into tom homan receiving 50 000 which have raised ethical concerns 21 22 as part of republican party efforts to disrupt voting after the 2024 united states presidential election the doj sought voter roll data from over 30 states and initiated the 2025 texas redistricting 23 24 headquarters edit main article robert f kennedy department of justice building the u s department of justice building was completed in 1935 from a design by milton bennett medary upon medary s death in 1929 the other partners of his philadelphia firm zantzinger borie and medary took over the project on a lot bordered by constitution and pennsylvania avenues and ninth and tenth streets northwest it holds over 1 000 000 square feet 93 000 m 2 of space various efforts none entirely successful have been made to determine the original intended meaning of the latin motto appearing on the department of justice seal qui pro domina justitia sequitur it is not even known exactly when the original version of the doj seal itself was adopted or when the motto first appeared on the seal the most authoritative opinion of the doj suggests that the motto refers to the attorney general and thus by extension to the department of justice who prosecutes on behalf of justice or the lady justice 2 the motto s conception of the prosecutor or government attorney as being the servant of justice itself finds concrete expression in a similarly ordered english language inscription the united states wins its point whenever justice is done its citizens in the courts in the above door paneling in the ceremonial rotunda anteroom just outside the attorney general s office in the department of justice main building in washington d c 2 the building was renamed in honor of former attorney general robert f kennedy in 2001 it is sometimes referred to as main justice 25 organization edit organizational chart for the department of justice click to enlarge leadership offices edit office of the attorney general office of the deputy attorney general office of the associate attorney general office of the united states principal deputy associate attorney general office of the solicitor general of the united states divisions edit division year established as formal division antitrust division 1919 26 civil division a 1933 27 civil rights division 1957 29 criminal division 1919 30 environment and natural resources division enrd b 1909 31 justice management division jmd c 1945 32 national security division nsd 2006 33 tax division 1933 34 the justice department also had a war division during world war ii it was created in 1942 and disestablished in 1945 35 law enforcement agencies edit several federal law enforcement agencies are administered by the department of justice united states marshals service usms the office of u s marshal was established by the judiciary act of 1789 the u s marshals service was established as an agency in 1969 and it was elevated to full bureau status under the justice department in 1974 36 37 federal bureau of investigation fbi on july 26 1908 a small investigative force was created within the justice department under attorney general charles bonaparte the following year this force was officially named the bureau of investigation by attorney general george w wickersham in 1935 the bureau adopted its current name 38 federal bureau of prisons bop the three prisons act of 1891 created the federal prison system congress created the federal bureau of prisons in 1930 by pub l no 71 218 46 stat 325 signed into law by president hoover on may 14 1930 39 40 41 national institute of corrections nic founded in 1974 the national institute of corrections is organized under the federal bureau of prisons and has a legislatively mandated mission to assist state and local correctional institutions and to manage the american federal prison system by keeping records of inmates bureau of alcohol tobacco firearms and explosives atf except for a brief period during prohibition atf s predecessor bureaus were part of the department of the treasury for more than two hundred years 42 atf was first established by department of treasury order no 221 effective july 1 1972 this order transferred the functions powers and duties arising under laws relating to alcohol tobacco firearms and explosives from the internal revenue service to atf 43 in 2003 under the terms of the homeland security act atf was split into two agencies the new bureau of alcohol tobacco firearms and explosives atf was transferred to the department of justice while the alcohol and tobacco tax and trade bureau ttb was retained by the department of the treasury 42 drug enforcement administration dea created in 1973 as part of the war on drugs the dea was formed from various previously existing law enforcement agencies that were parts of either the department of justice department of the treasury or the food and drug administration the dea enforces the controlled substances act and also interdicts foreign drug trafficking office of the inspector general oig the office of inspector general performs basic internal auditing functions and has the power to make arrests and prosecute members of the department of justice who are found to be in violation of laws regulating conduct of government officials offices edit executive office for immigration review eoir executive office for u s attorneys eousa executive of...
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