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war of the oranges wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 background 2 war 3 peace 4 aftermath 5 references 6 further reading 7 see also toggle the table of contents war of the oranges 24 languages العربية brezhoneg català čeština deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español euskara suomi français galego magyar հայերեն արեւմտահայերէն bahasa indonesia íslenska italiano nederlands português русский simple english українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia military conflict between portugal and alliance of france and spain war of the oranges part of the war of the second coalition manuel godoy portrayed by francisco de goya in 1801 date 20 may 9 june 1801 21 days location alentejo portugal rio grande do sul and mato grosso brazil result franco spanish victory treaty of badajoz question of olivença portuguese invasion of misiones orientales in south america territorial changes portuguese territory returned except olivenza and border territories which remained in spanish possession belligerents kingdom of portugal state of brazil kingdom of spain french republic commanders and leaders duke of lafões manuel godoy gouvion saint cyr strength 18 000 soldiers 60 000 soldiers v t e portugal in the french revolutionary and napoleonic wars war of the pyrenees boulou sant llorenç de la muga villelongue black mountain bascara mediterranean campaign of 1798 malta war of the oranges first invasion of portugal olhão padrões de teixeira évora roliça vimeiro second invasion of portugal monterrey valley chaves braga 1st porto amarante grijó alcántara 2nd porto third invasion of portugal barquilla river côa 1st almeida bussaco coimbra sobral pombal redinha condeixa casal novo foz de arouce alva river sabugal 2nd almeida fuentes de oñoro aldeia da ponte allied campaign in spain barrosa 1st badajoz albuera gebora campo maior usagre el bodón arroyo dos molinos ciudad rodrigo 2nd badajoz almaraz 1st salamanca 2nd salamanca majadahonda burgos tordesillas san millan vitoria tolosa pamplona san sebastián pyrenees maya roncesvalles sorauren lizasso buenza campaign in south west france bidassoa nivelle nive garris orthez tarbes toulouse bayonne south america french guiana banda oriental manuel de godoy offering queen maría luisa a branch with oranges the war of the oranges portuguese guerra das laranjas french guerre des oranges spanish guerra de las naranjas was a brief conflict in 1801 in which spanish forces instigated by the government of france and ultimately supported by the french military invaded portugal the war resulted in the treaty of badajoz the loss of portuguese territory in particular losing olivenza to spain six years later napoleon would invade both portugal and spain in the peninsular war background edit in 1800 first consul bonaparte and his ally the spanish prime minister and generalissimo manuel de godoy sent an ultimatum to portugal the last british ally on the continent demanding that she break her alliance with britain portugal refused to cede and in april 1801 french troops arrived in the country they were bolstered by spanish troops under the command of manuel de godoy godoy had under his command the spanish army of extremadura with five divisions war edit the spanish attack on portugal started on the early morning of 20 may and focused on the portuguese border region that included the main garrison town of elvas and the smaller fortified towns of campo maior olivença olivenza in spanish and juromenha the main force of the spanish army advanced to elvas while two divisions advanced to campo maior and another division advanced to olivença and juromenha without having their fortifications complete and defended only by a few hundred soldiers most of the militias olivença and nearby juromenha quickly surrendered to the spanish forces the portuguese garrison of campo maior under the command of lieutenant colonel dias azevedo resisted the assault for 17 days forcing the spanish to maintain two entire divisions in its siege the main spanish force under the direct command of godoy tried to assault elvas but was easily repelled by the strong portuguese garrison commanded by general francisco de noronha the spanish troops then withdrew to a safe distance from the fortress with godoy not daring to attack it again until the end of the war the war entered in a stalemate with most of the spanish forces held in sieges of fortresses and the rest not being able to face the blockade made by the main core of the portuguese army in order to advance further inside portugal despite this godoy picked oranges from the outside of elvas and sent them to the queen of spain maria luisa allegedly his lover 1 with the message that he would proceed to lisbon thus the conflict became known as the war of the oranges peace edit on 6 june 1801 portugal agreed to the tenets of the treaty of badajoz portugal agreed to close its ports to english ships to give commercial concessions to france to cede olivenza to spain and to pay an indemnity on 29 september 1801 portugal agreed to both maintaining the tenets of the treaty of badajoz and the alterations made to it which were all embodied within the treaty of madrid in response from july 1801 until the signing of the peace of amiens in 1802 a british force of 3 500 men under colonel william henry clinton occupied the portuguese island of madeira in the north atlantic ocean intended to forestall any french or spanish attack on the island the occupation took place with the tacit consent of the portuguese 2 aftermath edit after the battle of trafalgar in 1805 in which the franco spanish fleet lost to britain the government of portugal restored relations with its old ally this led france to declare the peace of badajoz treaty cancelled again marching on portugal and invading it starting the peninsular war that lasted from 1807 to 1814 the french invasion forced the transfer of the portuguese court to brazil in 1807 with rio de janeiro becoming the capital of the portuguese monarchy from rio de janeiro the portuguese monarch denounced the treaty of badajoz as having been signed under coercion declaring it null and ineffective later on the treaty of vienna signed by spain in 1817 stated clearly that the winning countries are to endeavour with the mightiest conciliatory effort to return olivença to portuguese authority after the napoleonic wars and the congress of vienna neither spain nor portugal gave back the territories acquired both in america eastern missions and the peninsula olivença the latter remaining an issue with the portuguese government see question of olivença references edit h v livermore portugal a traveller s history p 26 newitt m d d who was who in madeira at the time of the second british occupation in 1807 the free library retrieved 1 september 2016 further reading edit war of the oranges encyclopædia britannica 2005 vicente antónio pedro 2007 guerra peninsular história de portugal guerras e campanhas militares peninsular war history of portuguese wars and military campaigns in portuguese lisbon portugal academia portuguesa da história quidnovi see also edit history of portugal 1777 1834 kingdom of northern lusitania timeline of portuguese history authority control databases international gnd national united states israel retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title war_of_the_oranges oldid 1377704597 categories 1801 conflicts 19th century in spain campaigns of the napoleonic wars peninsular war wars involving france wars involving portugal wars involving spain 1801 in portugal portugal spain military relations france portugal military relations 1801 in spain 1801 in france may 1801 june 1801 hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles containing portuguese language text articles containing french language text articles containing spanish language text cs1 portuguese language sources pt this page was last edited on 30 september 2026 at 18 03 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non 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