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wasei kango wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 meiji era 2 history toggle history subsection 2 1 pre meiji period 2 2 meiji restoration 3 examples 4 see also 5 notes 6 references 7 external links toggle the table of contents wasei kango 10 languages العربية français 日本語 한국어 bahasa melayu tagalog tiếng việt 文言 閩南語 bân lâm gí 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia japanese neologisms using chinese terms 和製漢語 chinese name simplified chinese 和制汉语 traditional chinese 和製漢語 literal meaning japanese made chinese words transcriptions standard mandarin hanyu pinyin hézhì hànyǔ bopomofo ㄏㄜˊ ㄓˋ ㄏㄢˋ ㄩˇ gwoyeu romatzyh hertzyh hannyeu wade giles he2 zhi4 han4 yu3 yale romanization héjì hànyǔ ipa xɤ ̌ ʈʂi ̂ xa ̂ n y ̀ yue cantonese yale romanization wòhjai hōnyúh jyutping wo 4 zai 3 hon 3 jyu 5 ipa wɔ tsɐj hɔn jy southern min hokkien poj hê chè hàn gú vietnamese name vietnamese alphabet hòa chế hán ngữ chữ hán 和製漢語 korean name hangul 화제한어 hanja 和製漢語 transcriptions revised romanization hwajehaneo mccune reischauer hwajehanŏ japanese name kanji 和製漢語 hiragana わせいかんご transcriptions revised hepburn wasei kango kunrei shiki wasei kango wasei kango japanese 和製漢語 lit japanese made chinese words are words in the japanese language composed of chinese morphemes but invented in japan rather than borrowed from china such terms are generally written using kanji and read according to the on yomi pronunciations of the characters while many words belong to the shared sino japanese vocabulary also known as kango some kango do not exist in chinese while others have a substantially different meaning from chinese some kango have been borrowed back into chinese meiji era edit during the meiji restoration japanese words were invented en masse to represent foreign concepts such as revolution 革命 kakumei or democracy 民主 minshu citation needed towards the end of the 19th century many of these terms were re imported into chinese some who consider that because the form of the words entirely resembles that of native chinese words in most cases chinese speakers often fail to recognize that they were actually coined in japan 1 however some scholars argue that many of those terms which were considered as wasei kango by some people were in fact created by chinese and western scholars during the 19th century officials from japan had been purchasing sino english dictionaries such as a dictionary of the chinese language 1822 an english and chinese vocabulary in court dialect 1844 and vocabulary and handbook of the chinese language 1872 from china in order to absorb western civilization 2 undue weight discuss history edit pre meiji period edit since antiquity the japanese have supplemented their native vocabulary known as yamato kotoba by borrowing many words from chinese after integrating the chinese words into their vocabulary they began creating their own kango one source of wasei kango is the reinterpretation of yamato kotoba via on yomi readings of the characters as opposed to the original kun yomi for example the archaic word for japan 日の本 ひのもと hinomoto has become the modern 日本 にほん nihon or にっぽん nippon another example is the word for daikon 大根 which changed from おおね ōne to だいこん daikon sometimes an inversion of the character order is necessary as in the construction of 立腹 りっぷく rippuku from 腹が立つ はらがたつ hara ga tatsu for anger terms have also been coined for concepts in japanese culture such as geisha 芸者 ninja 忍者 or kaishaku 介錯 meiji restoration edit as western influence began to take hold in japan during the 19th century meiji restoration japanese scholars discovered that they needed new words to translate the books imported from europe they also imported new terms coined by chinese and western scholars from sino english dictionaries from china undue weight discuss many of these terms are still commonly being used by both countries nowadays 2 sometimes existing words were repurposed to translate these new concepts for example 世界 was a classical chinese buddhist term which became the modern word for world and kagaku 科学 science was taken from qinding qiansouyan shi 欽定千叟宴詩 a qing dynasty poetry compendium other words were completely new creations such as tetsugaku 哲学 philosophy and denwa 電話 telephone the majority of wasei kango were created during this period following the meiji restoration and the japanese victory in the first sino japanese war many of these terms found their way into the modern chinese korean and vietnamese languages where they remain today examples edit chinese japanese korean vietnamese meaning traditional simplified mandarin pinyin kanji rōmaji hangul romaja 中將 中将 zhōngjiàng 中将 chūjō 중장 jungjang trung tướng lieutenant general vice admiral 革命 gémìng kakumei 혁명 hyeongmyeong cách mạng mệnh revolution 民主 mínzhǔ minshu 민주 minju dân chủ democracy 共和國 共和国 gònghéguó 共和国 kyōwakoku 공화국 gonghwaguk cộng hòa a republic 主義 主义 zhǔyì shugi 주의 juui chủ nghĩa ideology ism 世界 shìjiè sekai 세계 segye thế giới world 國際 国际 guójì 国際 kokusai 국제 gukje quốc tế international 出超 chūchāo shutchō 출초 chulcho xuất siêu trade surplus 銀行 银行 yínháng ginkō 은행 eunhaeng ngân hàng bank 電話 电话 diànhuà denwa 전화 jeonhwa điện thoại telephone 廣告 广告 guǎnggào 広告 kōkoku 광고 gwanggo quảng cáo advertisement n a b n a 病院 byōin 병원 byeong won bệnh viện hospital 哲學 哲学 zhéxué 哲学 tetsugaku 철학 cheolhak triết học philosophy 物理 wùlǐ butsuri 물리 mulli vật lí physics 工業 工业 gōngyè kōgyō 공업 gong eop công nghiệp industry see also edit classical compounds in english and other indo european languages wasei eigo notes edit vietnamese uses the term cộng hoà 共和 for republic instead of cộng hoà quốc 共和國 the chinese term for hospital is 醫院 医院 yīyuàn institution for healing rather than 病院 bìngyuàn institution for sickness for a list of words relating to wasei kango see the wasei kango category of words in wiktionary the free dictionary references edit chung karen steffen 2001 chapter 7 some returned loans japanese loanwords in taiwan mandarin pdf in mcauley t e ed language change in east asia richmond surrey curzon pp 161 179 isbn 0700713778 retrieved 19 august 2015 1 2 陳力衛 語詞的漂移 近代以來中日之間的知識互動與共有 學苑 2007 05 29 external links edit robert morrison a dictionary of the chinese language 1822 使徒 審判 法律 醫學 自然的 新聞 精神 単位 行為 言語 samuel wells williams an english and chinese vocabulary in court dialect 1844 內閣 選舉 新聞紙 文法 領事 walter henry medhurst english and chinese dictionary 1847 1848 知識 幹事 物質 偶然 教養 天主 小說 本質 wilhelm lobscheid english and chinese dictionary with punti and mandarin pronunciation 1866 1869 蛋白質 銀行 幻想 想像 保險 文學 元帥 原理 右翼 法則 戀愛 讀者 justus doolittle vocabulary and handbook of the chinese language 1872 電報 電池 光線 分子 地質論 物理 動力 光學 國會 函數 微分學 v t e japanese language earlier forms old early middle late middle early modern dialects eastern hokkaidō tōhoku northern nanbu tsugaru akita matagi southern kesen nairiku kantō western gunma kanagawa tokyo eastern ibaraki tochigi northern izu islands tōkai tōsan nagano yamanashi shizuoka shizuoka narada echigo nagaoka gifu aichi nagoya mikawa mino hida western hokuriku kaga kanazawa shiramine kansai awaji banshū kishū okuyoshino shikoku iyo tosa sanuki chūgoku san yō bingo east san in inshū umpaku kyūshū hōnichi ōita hichiku chikuzen hakata kumamoto nagasaki saga tsushima satsugū other amami japanese okinawan japanese pidgins and creoles bamboo english bonin english hawaiian creole kyowa go pseudo chinese yilan creole japanese yokohama pidgin japanese japonic languages eastern old japanese hachijō grammar ryukyuan northern amami ōshima southern amami ōshima kikai kunigami okinawan okinoerabu tokunoshima yoron southern miyako tarama yaeyama yonaguni writing system logograms script reform kanbun kanji by stroke count kanji radicals by frequency by stroke count kokuji ryakuji ateji kana hiragana katakana furigana okurigana gojūon man yōgana hentaigana sōgana kana ligature orthography braille kanji punctuation kanazukai historical kana modern kana jōdai tokushu kanazukai yotsugana transcription into japanese encoding euc euc jp iso iec 2022 jis 0201 0208 0211 0212 0213 shift jis unicode hiragana kana extended a kana extended b kana supplement small kana extension katakana katakana phonetic extensions other arib std b24 enclosed eis extended shinjitai half full grammar and vocabulary japanese grammar verb conjugations kagoshima verb conjugations godan and ichidan verbs irregular verbs pronouns adjectives possessives particles kagoshima nagasaki kinki topic marker counter words numerals native words yamato kotoba sino japanese vocabulary loan words gairaigo from dutch from portuguese wasei eigo wasei kango engrish honorific speech honorifics court lady language nyōbō kotoba role language yakuwarigo gender differences dictionaries phonology pitch accent rendaku sound symbolism kanji pronunciation sources on yomi go on kan on tō on kun yomi transliteration romanization hepburn nihon shiki kunrei shiki jsl wāpuro rōmaji in esperanto cyrillization polivanov system literature books poetry writers speculative fiction writers classical japanese texts retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title wasei kango oldid 1378711894 categories japanese vocabulary kanji hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles containing chinese language text articles containing vietnamese language text articles containing korean language text articles containing japanese language text all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from may 2026 all articles with specifically marked weasel worded phrases articles with specifically marked weasel worded phrases from may 2026 articles with minor pov problems from may 2026 this page was last edited on 5 october 2026 at 20 38 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents wasei 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