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west himalayish languages wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 languages 2 classification 3 vocabulary 4 footnotes 5 references toggle the table of contents west himalayish languages 9 languages brezhoneg deutsch español galego latina lietuvių македонски português 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia sino tibetan language group west himalayish kanauric almora geographic distribution himachal pradesh uttarakhand india nepal linguistic classification sino tibetan tibeto burman tibeto kanauri west himalayish language codes glottolog tibe1275 the west himalayish languages also known as almora and kanauric are a family of sino tibetan languages centered in himachal pradesh uttarakhand and across the border into nepal lapolla 2003 proposes that the west himalayish languages may be part of a larger rung group languages edit a couple from india talk about their marriage in marcha dialect of rongpo a west himalayish language languages include chitkuli kinnauri kinnauri sunam jangshung shumcho pattani manchad tinan gahri bunan kanashi rongpo darmiya byangsi dhuleli chaudangsi rangas and perhaps zhangzhung zhangzhung the sacred language of the bon religion was spoken north of the himalayas across western tibet before being replaced by tibetan james matisoff 2001 1 provides lexical and phonological evidence for the classification of zhangzhung within west himalayish classification edit widmer 2014 47 2 classifies the west himalayish languages as follows the recently discovered dhuleli language has been added from regmi prasain 2017 3 west himalayish western lahaul pattani tinani kinnaur kanashi kinnauri chitkhuli shumcho jangshung eastern central bunan sunam rongpo possibly zhangzhung almora rangas darmiya chaudangsi byangsi dhuleli widmer 2014 53 56 2 classifies zhangzhung within the eastern branch of west himalayish and notes that it appears particularly close to languages of the central subgroup bunan sunnami and rongpo widmer 2017 4 notes that many tibetan varieties in the western tibetan plateau have been influenced by west himalayish languages widmer 2025 5 6 considers the west himalayish languages to be peripheral members of bodish based on shared lexical and morphoological isoglosses between proto west himalayish and various bodish groups such as tibetan tamangic east bodish and tshangla vocabulary edit widmer 2017 4 lists the following lexical items that differ in the eastern and western branches of west himalayish language one hand cry black proto eastern west himalayish it gut krap rok manchad itsa gùṛa krap roki kanashi idh guḍ kərop roko kinnauri southern id gŭd krap rŏkh proto western west himalayish tik lak tjo kʰaj wom bunan tiki lak tjo kʰaj rongpo tig lag tyõ kʰasyũ byangsi tigɛ là tye wamdɛ widmer 2014 53 56 2 classifies zhangzhung within the eastern branch of west himalayish and lists the following cognates between zhangzhung and proto west himalayish gloss zhangzhung proto west himalayish barley zad zat blue ting tiŋ diminutive suffix tse tse tsi ear ra tse re fat tsʰas tsʰos girl tsa med tsamet god sad sat gold zang zaŋ heart she ɕe old person shang ze ɕ j aŋ red mang maŋ white shi nom ɕi footnotes edit matisoff james 2001 the interest of zhangzhung for comparative tibeto burman in new research on zhangzhung and related himalayan languages bon studies 3 senri ethnological studies no 19 p 155 180 osaka national museum of ethnology 国立民族学博物館 doi 10 15021 00002145 1 2 3 widmer manuel 2014 a tentative classification of west himalayish in a descriptive grammar of bunan 33 56 ph d dissertation university of bern regmi dan raj prasain balaram 2017 a sociolinguistic survey of dhuleli linguistic survey of nepal linsun tribhuvan university kathmandu nepal 1 2 widmer manuel 2017 the linguistic prehistory of the western himalayas endangered minority languages as a window to the past presented at panel on endangered languages and historical linguistics 23rd international conference on historical linguistics ichl 23 san antonio texas widmer manuel 2025 the genetic position of west himalayish among the sino tibetan languages of the himalayas 58th international conference on sino tibetan languages and linguistics icstll 58 3 5 september 2025 university of bern widmer manuel 2025 the genetic position of west himalayish among the sino tibetan languages of the himalayas pdf 58th international conference on sino tibetan languages and linguistics 3 5 september 2025 university of bern references edit george van driem 2001 languages of the himalayas an ethnolinguistic handbook of the greater himalayan region brill lapolla randy 2001 the tibeto burman languages of uttar pradesh archived 2016 04 16 at the wayback machine widmer manuel 2017 the linguistic prehistory of the western himalayas endangered minority languages as a window to the past presented at panel on endangered languages and historical linguistics 23rd international conference on historical linguistics ichl 23 san antonio texas widmer manuel 2018 the linguistic prehistory of the western himalayas proceedings of the 51st international conference on sino tibetan languages and linguistics 2018 kyoto kyoto university widmer manuel 2025 the genetic position of west himalayish among the sino tibetan languages of the himalayas 58th international conference on sino tibetan languages and linguistics icstll 58 3 5 september 2025 university of bern v t e sino tibetan languages sinitic chinese mandarin yue hakka min wu hui gan xiang jin pinghua bai cai long caijia longjia luren tibeto burman bodish tibetan central amdo khams dzongkha ladakhi balti lahuli spiti kyirong kagate sherpa jirel east bodish tshangla basum nam burmo qiangic lolo burmese burmish burmese standard intha danu rakhine tavoyan achang lhao vo lashi zaiwa mondzish loloish qiangic gyalrongic ersuic naic greater magaric magaric magar kham chepangic chepang bhujel raji raute dura tandrange naga ao angami pochuri meitei tangkhulic western naga zeliangrong sal boro garo konyak jingpho luish gongduk ʼole kho bwa puroik tani chamdo tujia nungish karenic gong kathu west himalayish tamangic newaric newar baram thangmi kiranti dhimalish dhimal toto lhokpu lepcha karbi kuki chin miju mruic mru hkongso pyu taman bailang proposed groupings central tibeto burman kuki chin naga macro bai mahakiranti rung tibeto kanauri proto languages proto sino tibetan proto tibeto burman proto loloish proto karenic proto min proto hakka italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches v t e bodic tibeto kanauri languages west himalayish western lahaulic pattani tinani kinnauric kanashi kinnauri chitkuli shumcho jangshung eastern central bunan rongpo marcha tolcha sunam zhang zhung almora rangas darmiya chaudangsi byangsi dhuleli bodish tibetic central tibetan central tibetan ü tsang standard tibetan mugom amdo amdo tibetan gserpa khalong mdungnag kham eastern khams tibetan tseku baima choni zhongu dongwang drugchu stonggnyen zitsadegu southern sikkimese bhutia dzongkha bhutanese khamba laya lunana groma brokkat brokpa chochangachakha lakha naapa western ladakhi balti western archaic ladakhi zangskari changthang purgi balti lahuli spiti western innovative lahuli stod bhoti spiti bhoti nyamkat tukpa jad sherpa jirel sherpa jirel kyirong kagate kyirong kagate tsum yolmo nubri gyalsumdo tshangla east bodish tshangla tshangla east bodish takpa dzala nyen chali bumthang kheng kurtöp nupbi ʼole basum basum tamangic tgtm tamang gurung thakali seke manang chantyal ghale ghale kutang kaike kaike retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title west_himalayish_languages oldid 1366716801 categories west himalayish languages bodish languages hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 29 july 2026 at 19 21 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of 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