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e interior on entering one is immediately confronted by the underside of the staircase and has to skirt round it to reach the rest of the house 142 the arrangement was not repeated at the tower house which is an almost reversed replica with added conical tower the interior fittings are of high quality including the massive mahogany staircase and marble chimneypieces both the drawing room and the dining room have beamed ceilings the whole is built with a solidity that was guaranteed by the use of the marquess of bute s own workforce from cardiff docks 146 henry russell hitchcock the american architecture critic considered park house one of the best medium sized stone dwellings of the high victorian gothic 147 christ the consoler st mary s and st paul s cathedral edit main articles church of christ the consoler st mary s studley royal and st paul s cathedral church of st mary studley royal burges s two finest gothic churches were also undertaken in the 1870s the church of christ the consoler skelton on ure and st mary s studley royal his patron george robinson 1st marquess of ripon although not as rich as bute was his equal in romantic medievalism 148 and had been a friend of bute s at oxford which may account for the choice of burges as architect both churches were built as memorial churches for ripon s brother in law frederick grantham vyner who was murdered by greek bandits in 1870 149 vyner s mother commissioned the church of christ the consoler and his sister st mary s both begun in 1870 skelton was consecrated in 1876 and studley royal in 1878 150 the church of christ the consoler in the grounds of newby hall in north yorkshire is built in the early english style c 153 the exterior is constructed of grey catraig stone with morcar stone for the mouldings 153 the interior is faced with white limestone and richly fitted out with marble 154 the work was undertaken by members of burges s usual team gualbert saunders making the stained glass from cartoons by lonsdale and nicholls sculpting the carvings 150 leach and pevsner describe the scheme of stained glass as uncommonly excellent 155 it is particularly interesting as representing an architectural move from burges s favourite early french style to an english inspiration pevsner considers it of determined originality the impression is one of great opulence even if of a somewhat elephantine calibre 153 our ancestors had their churches made as beautiful as they could afford a great cathedral must have been an encyclopedia of all the knowledge at the time it is only by acting in a similar manner that we shall ever progress and have an art of our own burges commenting on churches in 1867 156 the church of st mary studley royal is also in the early english style and is located in the grounds of studley royal park at fountains abbey in north yorkshire as at christ the consoler the exterior is of grey limestone with a two stage west tower topped with a soaring spire 157 the interior is equally spectacular exceeding skelton in richness and majesty 157 leach commenting that everything is precisely calculated as to its visual impact 158 the theme previously used at gayhurst is paradise lost and paradise regained 159 the stained glass by saunders co is of particularly high quality pevsner describes st mary s as a dream of early english glory 153 and crook writes although cork cathedral may stand as burges s greatest gothic work studley royal is his ecclesiastical masterpiece 157 burges also constructed an estate cottage in 1873 160 in 1870 burges was asked to draw up an iconographic scheme of internal decoration for st paul s cathedral unfinished since the death of sir christopher wren in 1872 he was appointed architect and over the next five years produced what crook describes as a full blown scheme of early renaissance decoration 161 for the interior which he intended would eclipse that of st peter s in rome these designs were presented in the form of three architectural models at the royal academy summer exhibition in 1874 to much controversy 162 as crook writes his plans were rather too creative for most classicists 161 and these artistic and linked religious controversies led to burges s dismissal in 1877 with none of his plans undertaken 163 trinity college hartford connecticut edit main article trinity college hartford trinity college hartford burges s revised three quadrangle masterplan in 1872 abner jackson the president of trinity college connecticut visited britain seeking models and an architect for a planned new campus for the college 164 burges was chosen and he drew up a four quadrangled masterplan in his early french style 164 lavish illustrations were produced by axel haig however the estimated cost at just under one million dollars together with the sheer scale of the plans thoroughly alarmed the college trustees 165 only one sixth of the plan was executed the present long walk with francis h kimball acting as local supervising architect and frederick law olmsted laying out the grounds 164 crook considers the result unsatisfactory but important in its key position in the development of late nineteenth century american architecture 164 other critics have viewed burges s design more positively the american architectural historian henry russell hitchcock thought trinity perhaps the most satisfactory of all of burges s works and the best example anywhere of victorian gothic collegiate architecture whilst charles handley read suggested the college was is in some ways superior to butterfield s keble or seddon s aberystwyth 165 the tower house edit main article the tower house the tower house burges s palace of the arts from 1875 although he continued to work on the completion of projects already begun burges received no further major commissions the construction decoration and furnishing of his own home the tower house melbury road kensington occupied much of the last six years of his life burges designed the house in the style of a substantial thirteenth century french townhouse of red brick and in an l plan the exterior is plain the house is not large its floor plan being little more than 50 feet square 166 but the approach burges took to its construction was on a grand scale the floor depths were sufficient to support rooms four or five times their size and the architect richard norman shaw wrote of the concrete foundations as being suitable for a fortress 167 this approach combined with burges s architectural skills and the minimum of exterior decoration created a building that crook describes as simple and massive 166 as was usual with burges many elements of earlier designs were adapted and included the street frontage from the mcconnochie house the cylindrical tower and conical roof from castell coch and the interiors from cardiff castle 166 the most complete example of a medieval secular interior produced by the gothic revival and the last crook writing on the tower house 168 the interior centres on the double height entrance hall burges having avoided the error that he had made at the mcconnochie house when he placed a vast central staircase in the middle of the building 166 at the tower house the stair is consigned to the conical tower the ground floor contains a drawing room dining room and library while the first floor holds bedroom suites and a study if burges shunned exterior decoration at the tower house he more than compensated internally each room has a complex iconographic scheme of decoration that of the hall is time in the drawing room love in burges s bedroom the sea massive fireplaces with elaborate overmantels were carved and installed a castle in the library 169 and mermaids and sea monsters of the deep in his own bedroom 170 his brother in law pullan wrote that chaucer and tennyson s poems were mr burges chief text books when engaged in designing these decorations 171 in designing the medieval interior to the house burges also illustrated his skill as a jeweller metalworker and designer 172 and produced some of his best works of furniture including the zodiac settle the dog cabinet and the great bookcase the last of which charles handley read described as occupying a unique position in the history of victorian painted furniture 173 the fittings were as elaborate as the furniture the tap for one of the guest washstands was in the form of a bronze bull from whose throat water poured into a sink inlaid with silver fish 174 within the tower house burges placed some of his finest metalwork the artist henry stacy marks wrote he could design a chalice as well as a cathedral his decanters cups jugs forks and spoons were designed with an equal ability to that with which he would design a castle 175 upon completion the tower house was sensationally received in a survey of the architecture of the past fifty years published by the builder in 1893 it was the only private town house to be included 167 in 1966 when the house was empty handley read described it as unique in london a precious anthology of designs by one of the most imaginative of all victorian architects 176 crook considers the house the synthesis of burges s career and a glittering tribute to his achievement 177 the tower house which remains a private home owned by jimmy page for many years retains much of its internal structural decoration but the furniture and contents that burges designed for it have been dispersed 178 metalwork jewellery and ceramics edit green glass and silver decanter designed by burges commissioned in 1865 victoria and albert museum burges was a notable designer of gothic inspired metalwork and jewellery and he has been cited as pugin s successor in the gothic revival style 179 although burges was foremost an architect edmund gosse described his buildings as more jewel than architecture 180 and crook states that burges s genius as a designer is expressed to perfection in his jewellery and metalwork 181 he began with religious artifacts candlesticks chalices pectoral crosses as individual commissions or as part of the decorative scheme for buildings over which he had complete artistic control examples include the chalices for st michael s church brighton 182 the statue of the angel which stands above st fin barre s and which was his personal gift to the cathedral and the dunedin crozier this item carved in ivory and depicting st george slaying the dragon was made for the first bishop of dunedin burges had an early and close connection to the ecclesiological society and in 1864 took on the role of superintendent of the society s church plate scheme from which position he imposed barkentin as the society s official manufacturer 183 in 1875 burges published the design in a french magazine as a thirteenth century original 184 an example of his delight in tricks and jokes similarly inventive were his designs for fish plates for lord bute in which a service of eighteen plates is decorated with punning illustrations such as a skating skate and a winged perch seated on the branch of a tree 185 he also undertook commissions for other patrons including the sneyd dessert service on 3 april 1872 burges produced a gothic style brooch for the marriage of the marquess of bute to lady bute 186 in september 1873 he produced another brooch for the marchioness in the shape of a gothic g a gold heraldic shield in enamel encrusted with gems and pearls 187 188 he followed this with a necklace and earrings an attempt to design in castellani s archeological style 189 another example of the works that burges created for lady bute as a present for her husband was a silver cruet set in the form of two medieval retainers carrying tiny barrels of salt and pepper the answer to the question of what to give a man who could afford everything 190 his most notable metalworks were however created for himself often with the proceeds of the winning of an architectural competition together they display a dazzling originality that surpasses any other silver designed earlier in the century 191 examples include the elephant inkstand which crook considers the very epitome of its creator s special genius 192 the pair of jewelled decanters paid for with the fees for the plans of the crimea memorial church and for his series of lectures art applied to industry 193 and the cat cup created by barkentin in commemoration of the law courts competition of which crook writes its technical virtuosity sets standards for the arts and crafts phase but the overall conception the range of materials the ingenuity the inventiveness the sheer gusto of the design is peculiarly triumphantly burges 194 burges also designed more utilitarian articles which were nonetheless imbued with his love of allusion and punning including silverware featuring mermaids spiders and other creatures 188 and a set of knives and forks for the tower house with the handles carved by nicholls showing symbols of meat and vegetables veal venision onion pea and so on 195 he was also a knowledgeable critic 196 referred to by a contemporary as one of the best judges of armour in europe 197 his large collection of armour parts of which came from the famed collection of sir samuel rush meyrick 198 was bequeathed to the british museum upon his death 199 only four examples of works in ceramic by burges are known to exist these are the tulip vases created for the corner corbels of the summer smoking room at cardiff castle removed by the fifth marquess when the castle was given to the city of cardiff in 1947 the vases were subsequently sold they are now held by the higgins art gallery museum bedford the victoria and albert museum amgueddfa cymru museum wales and the national museum of scotland 200 201 the whereabouts of some of burges s most important pieces are unknown 202 but discoveries are sometimes made a brooch which he designed as a wedding present for his friend john pollard seddon was identified on the bbc television series antiques roadshow and subsequently sold at auction for 31 000 in august 2011 203 another silver brooch studded with lapis lazuli malachite and pink coral was identified 30 years after its purchase at an antique fair for 20 after the owner watched the same antiques roadshow on youtube in 2024 it subsequently sold for 9 500 204 stained glass edit the impact created by all these glowing coloured religious images is overwhelming and intoxicating to enter st fin barre s cathedral is an experience unparalleled in ireland and rarely matched anywhere lawrence writing on the stained glass windows of st fin barre s cathedral 56 burges played an important role in the renaissance of high victorian stained glass 205 the provision of glass of appropriate colour and richness was central to many of his decorative themes and he invested effort in working with the best cartoonists and manufacturers to achieve this he also studied the history of glass production writing in his second art applied to industry lecture a use of antiquarian studies is to...