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cancel create saved search sign in sign up resetting focus you signed in with another tab or window reload to refresh your session you signed out in another tab or window reload to refresh your session you switched accounts on another tab or window reload to refresh your session dismiss alert message git guides git install init clone add commit remote status pull push sign up git guide everything you need to know about git from getting started to advanced commands and workflows quick links what is git what is git written in why use git speed merge conflicts cheap branches ease of roll back how do i use git learning git basics getting started with the git workflow create a branch make changes and make a commit push your changes to the remote open a pull request collaborate merge into main getting started with github what is git git is a distributed version control software version control is a way to save changes over time without overwriting previous versions being distributed means that every developer working with a git repository has a copy of that entire repository every commit every branch every file if you re used to working with centralized version control systems this is a big difference whether or not you ve worked with version control before there are a few things you should know before getting started with git branches are lightweight and cheap so it s ok to have many of them git stores changes in sha hashes which work by compressing text files that makes git a very good version control system vcs for software programming but not so good for binary files like images or videos git repositories can be connected so you can work on one locally on your own machine and connect it to a shared repository this way you can push and pull changes to a repository and easily collaborate with others what is git written in the tools that make up the core git distribution are written in c shell perl and tcl you can find git s source code on github under git git why use git version control is very important without it you risk losing your work with git you can make a commit or a save point as often as you d like you can also go back to previous commits this takes the pressure off of you while you re working commit often and commit early and you ll never have that gut sinking feeling of overwriting or losing changes there are many version control systems out there but git has some major advantages speed like we mentioned above git uses sha compression which makes it very fast merge conflicts git can handle merge conflicts which means that it s ok for multiple people to work on the same file at the same time this opens up the world of development in a way that isn t possible with centralized version control you have access to the entire project and if you re working on a branch you can do whatever you need to and know that your changes are safe cheap branches speaking of branches git offers a lot of flexibility and opportunity for collaboration with branches by using branches developers can make changes in a safe sandbox instead of only committing code that is 100 sure to succeed developers can commit code that might still need help then they can push that code to the remote and get fast feedback from integrated tests or peer review without sharing the code through branches this would never be possible ease of roll back if you make a mistake it s ok commits are immutable meaning they can t be changed note you can change history but it will create new replacement commits instead of editing the existing commits more on that later this means that if you do make a mistake even on an important branch like main it s ok you can easily revert that change or roll back the branch pointer to the commit where everything was fine the benefits of this can t be overstated not only does it create a safer environment for the project and code but it fosters a development environment where developers can be braver trusting that git has their back how do i use git learning git basics if you re getting started with git a great place to learn the basic commands is the git cheat sheet it s translated into many languages open source as a part of the github training kit repository and a great starting place for the fundamentals on the command line some of the most important and most used commands that you ll find there are git clone url clone download a repository that already exists on github including all of the files branches and commits git status always a good idea this command shows you what branch you re on what files are in the working or staging directory and any other important information git branch this shows the existing branches in your local repository you can also use git branch branch name to create a branch from your current location or git branch all to see all branches both the local ones on your machine and the remote tracking branches stored from the last git pull or git fetch from the remote git checkout branch name switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory git add file snapshots the file in preparation for versioning adding it to the staging area git commit m descriptive message records file snapshots permanently in the version history git pull updates your current local working branch with all new commits from the corresponding remote branch on github git pull is a combination of git fetch and git merge git push uploads all local branch commits to the remote git log browse and inspect the evolution of project files git remote v show the associated remote repositories and their stored name like origin if you re looking for more github specific technical guidance check out github s help documentation or our github for developers series on youtube getting started with the git workflow depending on your operating system you may already have git installed but getting started means more than having the software to get started it s important to know the basics of how git works you may choose to do the actual work within a terminal an app like github desktop or through github com note while you can interact with git through github com your experience may be limited many local tools can give you access to the most widely used git functionalities though only the terminal will give you access to them all there are many ways to use git which doesn t necessarily make it easier but the fundamental git workflow has a few main steps you can practice all of these in the introduction to github learning lab course create a branch the main branch is usually called main we want to work on another branch so we can make a pull request and make changes safely to get started create a branch off of main name it however you d like but we recommend naming branches based on the function or feature that will be the focus of this branch one person may have several branches and one branch may have several people collaborate on it branches are for a purpose not a person wherever you currently are wherever head is pointing or whatever branch you re currently checked out to will be the parent of the branch you create that means you can create branches from other branches tags or any commit but the most typical workflow is to create a branch from main which represents the most current production code make changes and make a commit once you ve created a branch and moved the head pointer to it by checking out to that branch you re ready to get to work make the changes in your repository using your favorite text editor or ide next save your changes you re ready to start the commit to start your commit you need to let git know what changes you d like to include with git add file once you ve saved and staged the changes you re ready to make the commit with git commit m descriptive commit message push your changes to the remote so far if you ve made a commit locally you re the only one that can see it to let others see your work and begin collaboration you should push your changes using git push if you re pushing from a branch for the first time that you ve created locally you may need to give git some more information git push u origin branch name tells git to push the current branch and create a branch on the remote that matches it with the same name and also create a relationship with that branch so that git push will be enough information in the future by default git push only pushes the branch that you ve currently checked out to sometimes if there has been a new commit on the branch on the remote you may be blocked from pushing don t worry start with a simple git pull to incorporate the changes on the remote into your own local branch resolve any conflicts or finish the merge from the remote into the local branch and then try the push again open a pull request pushing a branch or new commits to a remote repository is enough if a pull request already exists but if it s the first time you re pushing that branch you should open a new pull request a pull request is a comparison of two branches typically main or the branch that the feature branch was created from and the feature branch this way like branches pull requests are scoped around a specific function or addition of work rather than the person making the changes or the amount of time the changes will take pull requests are the powerhouse of github integrated tests can automatically run on pull requests giving you immediate feedback on your code peers can give detailed code reviews letting you know if there are changes to make or if it s ready to go make sure you start your pull requests off with the right information put yourself in the shoes of your teammates or even of your future self include information about what this change relates to what prompted it what is already done what is left to do and any specific asks for help or reviews include links to relevant work or conversations pull request templates can help make this process easy by automating the starting content of the body of pull requests collaborate once the pull request is open then the real fun starts it s important to recognize that pull requests aren t meant to be open when work is finished pull requests should be open when work is beginning the earlier you open a pull request the more visibility the entire team has to the work that you re doing when you re ready for feedback you can get it by integrating tests or requesting reviews from teammates it s very likely that you will want to make more changes to your work that s great to do that make more commits on the same branch once the new commits are present on the remote the pull request will update and show the most recent version of your work merge into main once you and your team decide that the pull request looks good you can merge it by merging you integrate the feature branch into the other branch most typically the main branch then main will be updated with your changes and your pull request will be closed don t forget to delete your branch you won t need it anymore remember branches are lightweight and cheap and you should create a new one when you need it based on the most recent commit on the main branch if you choose not to merge the pull request you can also close pull requests with unmerged changes getting started with github if you re wondering where git ends and github begins you re not alone they are tied closely together to make working with them both a seamless experience while git takes care of the underlying version control github is the collaboration platform built on top of it github is the place for pull requests comments reviews integrated tests and so much more most developers work locally to develop and use github for collaboration that ranges from using github to host the shared remote repository to working with colleagues and capitalizing on features like protected branches code review github actions and more the best place to practice using git and github is the introduction to github learning lab course if you already know git and need to sign up for a github account head over to github com contribute to this article on github get started with git and github review code manage projects and build software alongside 40 million developers sign up for github sign in site wide links the developer newsletter get tips technical guides and best practices twice a month right in your inbox subscribe platform features enterprise copilot ai security pricing team resources roadmap compare github ecosystem developer api partners education github cli github desktop github mobile github marketplace mcp registry support docs community forum professional services premium support skills status contact github what is git sitemap company about why github customer stories blog the readme project careers newsroom inclusion social impact shop 2026 github inc terms privacy manage cookies do not share my personal information github on linkedin github on instagram 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