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description=15 posts published by Lars Syll during November 2016;

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son syll tony lawson och kritiken av den nationalekonomiska vetenskapen en introduktion tony lawson den heterodoxa ekonomins natur josef taalbi realistisk ekonomisk teori erik bengtsson den heterodoxa nationalekonomins materiella förutsättningar julie a nelson genusmetaforer och nationalekonomi linda nyberg nyliberalism politik och ekonomi philip mirowski den politiska rörelsen som inte vågade säga sitt namn jason read en genealogi över homo oeconomicus kajsa borgnäs den vetenskapliga ekonomins politiska makt daniel hirschman och elizabeth popp berman skapar nationalekonomer politik peter gerlach marika lindgren åsbrink och ola pettersson intervjuade av daniel mathisen allt annat lika the use of mathematics in physics and economics 26 nov 2016 at 12 31 posted in economics comments off on the use of mathematics in physics and economics my idea is to examine the most well known works of a selection of the most famous neoclassical economists in the period from 1945 to the present my survey of well known works by four famous mathematical neoclassical economists samuelson arrow debreu prescott who all won the nobel prize for economics has not revealed any precise explanations or successful predictions this supports my conjecture that the use of mathematics in mainstream or neoclassical economics has not produced any precise explanations or successful predictions this i would claim is the main difference between neoclassical economics and physics where both precise explanations and successful predictions have often been obtained by the use of mathematics donald gillies share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x share on bluesky opens in new window bluesky what we do in life echoes in eternity 25 nov 2016 at 18 45 posted in varia comments off on what we do in life echoes in eternity in science courage is to follow the motto of enlightenment and kant s dictum sapere aude to use your own understanding having the the courage to think for yourself and question received opinion authority or orthodoxy in our daily lives courage is a capability to confront fear as when in front of the powerful and mighty not to step back but stand up for one s rights not to be humiliated or abused in any ways by the rich and powerful dignity a better life or justice and rule of law are things worth fighting for not to step back creates courageous acts that stay in our memories and means something as when rosa parks sixty years ago on december 1 1955 in montgomery alabama refused to give up her seat to make room for a white passenger courage is to do the right thing in spite of danger and fear to keep on even if opportunities to turn back are given like in the great stories the ones where people have lots of chances of turning back but don t as when sir nicholas winton organised the rescue of 669 children destined for nazi concentration camps during world war ii or as when ernest shackleton in april 1916 aboard the small boat james caird spent 16 days crossing 1 300 km of ocean to reach south georgia then trekked across the island to a whaling station and finally could rescue the remaining men from the crew of endurance left on the elephant island not a single member of the expedition died what we do in life echoes in eternity 1980s nostalgia personal 25 nov 2016 at 17 16 posted in varia 1 comment my youngest born in 1999 asked me the other day what kind of music her dad listened to back in the swinging 80s so here linnea is a little taste of paternal nostalgia why is lm doesn t capture keynes approach to the economy 25 nov 2016 at 12 39 posted in economics 2 comments suppose workers are unemployed as a result although willing to work even at lower wages they are unable to buy consumption goods as a result firms are unable to sell those goods if they produced them so they do not employ the workers who as a consequence do not have the wages to buy the consumption goods the economy is caught in a vicious cycle of deficient demand according to the is lm framework this would lead to a fall in prices and wages raise real balances and boost demand but falling prices and wages might have the effect of both reducing effective demand and confidence deepening rather than resolving the problem of unemployment these considerations raise serious doubts whether the is lm approach despite being the standard representation fully captures the keynesian approach to the economy other than in name the appeal of the is lm lay not only in its formalisation of what is falsely taken to be keynes specific contribution but also in compromising with a walrasian approach to the economy ben fine and ourania dimakou have some further interesting references for those wanting to dwell upon the question of how much keynes really there is in hicks s is lm model my own view is that is lm doesn t adequately reflect the width and depth of keynes s insights on the workings of modern market economies for the following six reasons 1 almost nothing in the post general theory writings of keynes suggests him considering hicks s is lm anywhere near a faithful rendering of his thought in keynes s canonical statement of the essence of his theory in the famous 1937 quarterly journal of economics article there is nothing to even suggest that keynes would have thought the existence of a keynes hicks is lm theory anything but pure nonsense john hicks the man who invented is lm in his 1937 econometrica review of keynes general theory mr keynes and the classics a suggested interpretation returned to it in an article in 1980 is lm an explanation in journal of post keynesian economics self critically he wrote that the only way in which is lm analysis usefully survives as anything more than a classroom gadget to be superseded later on by something better is in application to a particular kind of causal analysis where the use of equilibrium methods even a drastic use of equilibrium methods is not inappropriate what hicks acknowledges in 1980 is basically that his original is lm model ignored significant parts of keynes theory is lm is inherently a temporary general equilibrium model however much of the discussions we have in macroeconomics is about timing and the speed of relative adjustments of quantities commodity prices and wages on which is lm doesn t have much to say 2 is lm forces to a large extent the analysis into a static comparative equilibrium setting that doesn t in any substantial way reflect the processual nature of what takes place in historical time to me keynes s analysis is in fact inherently dynamic at least in the sense that it was based on real historic time and not the logical ergodic non entropic time concept used in most neoclassical model building and as niels bohr used to say thinking is not the same as just being logical 3 is lm reduces interaction between real and nominal entities to a rather constrained interest mechanism which is far too simplistic for analyzing complex financialised modern market economies 4 is lm gives no place for real money but rather trivializes the role that money and finance play in modern market economies as hicks commenting on his is lm construct had it in 1980 one did not have to bother about the market for loanable funds from the perspective of modern monetary theory it s obvious that is lm to a large extent ignores the fact that money in modern market economies is created in the process of financing and not as is lm depicts it something that central banks determine 5 is lm is typically set in a current values numéraire framework that definitely downgrades the importance of expectations and uncertainty and a fortiori gives too large a role for interests as ruling the roost when it comes to investments and liquidity preferences in this regard it is actually as bad as all the modern microfounded neo walrasian new keynesian models where keynesian genuine uncertainty and expectations aren t really modelled especially the two dimensionality of keynesian uncertainty both a question of probability and confidence has been impossible to incorporate into this framework which basically presupposes people following the dictates of expected utility theory high probability may mean nothing if the agent has low confidence in it reducing uncertainty to risk implicit in most analyses building on is lm models is nothing but hand waving according to keynes we live in a world permeated by unmeasurable uncertainty not quantifiable stochastic risk which often forces us to make decisions based on anything but rational expectations keynes rather thinks that we base our expectations on the confidence or weight we put on different events and alternatives to keynes expectations are a question of weighing probabilities by degrees of belief beliefs that often have preciously little to do with the kind of stochastic probabilistic calculations made by the rational agents as modeled by modern social sciences and often we simply do not know 6 is lm not only ignores genuine uncertainty but also the essentially complex and cyclical character of economies and investment activities speculation endogenous money labour market conditions and the importance of income distribution and as axel leijonhufvud so eloquently notes on is lm economics one doesn t find many inklings of the adaptive dynamics behind the explicit statics most of the insights on dynamic coordination problems that made keynes write general theory are lost in the translation into the is lm framework given this it s difficult not agree with fine and dimakou the is lm approach doesn t capture keynes approach to the economy other than in name share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x share on bluesky opens in new window bluesky endogenous growth theory a crash course 24 nov 2016 at 17 11 posted in economics 2 comments årets dumstrut i malmös politik 23 nov 2016 at 22 26 posted in education school comments off on årets dumstrut i malmös politik malmö klagomålen på den kommunala förskolan har mer än fördubblats de senaste två åren men det oroar inte rose marie carlsson s ordförande i förskolenämnden en ökning av klagomålen behöver inte betyda att det blivit sämre tvärtom säger hon omorganisationen 2013 då förskolan fick egen nämnd och förvaltning innebar även ett nytt sätt att arbeta med klagomålshantering det är enklare nu för vårdnadshavare att lämna in klagomål bland annat kan det göras direkt på malmö stads hemsida säger rose marie carlsson rose marie carlsson menar att ökningen av antalet klagomål egentligen är något positivt det bevisar att klagomålshanteringen fungerar bättre än innan omorganisationen 2013 man måste komma ihåg att vi gått från tio stadsdelar med tio olika sätt att hantera dessa frågor till ett enda sätt att arbeta klagomålshanteringen är en del av vårt kvalitetsarbete och vi arbetar mer systematiskt nu och följer upp klagomål på ett helt annat sätt än tidigare vi har bättre kontroll och tillsyn nu jag är mer bekymrad över de enheter där det inte anmälts några klagomål där kan man misstänka bristande rutiner säger hon markus celander och detta grodors plums och ankors plask ska man behöva läsa år 2016 herre du milde man tager sig för pannan sällan eller aldrig har väl ett så urbota löjligt försök att prata bort kritik hörts share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x share on bluesky opens in new window bluesky what is ergodicity 23 nov 2016 at 10 27 posted in economics 2 comments why are election polls often inaccurate why is racism wrong why are your assumptions often mistaken the answers to all these questions and to many others have a lot to do with the non ergodicity of human ensembles many scientists agree that ergodicity is one of the most important concepts in statistics so what is it suppose you are concerned with determining what the most visited parks in a city are one idea is to take a momentary snapshot to see how many people are this moment in park a how many are in park b and so on another idea is to look at one individual or few of them and to follow him for a certain period of time e g a year then you observe how often the individual is going to park a how often he is going to park b and so on thus you obtain two different results one statistical analysis over the entire ensemble of people at a certain moment in time and one statistical analysis for one person over a certain period of time the first one may not be representative for a longer period of time while the second one may not be representative for all the people the idea is that an ensemble is ergodic if the two types of statistics give the same result many ensembles like the human populations are not ergodic the importance of ergodicity becomes manifest when you think about how we all infer various things how we draw some conclusion about something while having information about something else for example one goes once to a restaurant and likes the fish and next time he goes to the same restaurant and orders chicken confident that the chicken will be good why is he confident or one observes that a newspaper has printed some inaccurate information at one point in time and infers that the newspaper is going to publish inaccurate information in the future why are these inferences ok while others such as more crimes are committed by black persons than by white persons therefore each individual black person is not to be trusted are not ok the answer is that the ensemble of articles published in a newspaper is more or less ergodic while the ensemble of black people is not at all ergodic if one searches how many mistakes appear in an entire newspaper in one issue and then searches how many mistakes one news editor does over time one finds the two results almost identical not exactly but nonetheless approximately equal however if one takes the number of crimes committed by black people in a certain day divided by the total number of black people and then follows one random picked black individual over his life one would not find that e g each month this individual commits crimes at the same rate as the crime rate determined over the entire ensemble thus one cannot use ensemble statistics to properly infer what is and what is not probable that a certain individual will do or take an even clearer example in an election each party gets some percentage of votes party a gets a party b gets b and so on however this does not mean that over the course of their lives each individual votes with party a in a of elections with b in b of elections and so on a similar problem is faced by scientists in general when they are trying to infer some general statement from various particular experiments when is a generalization correct and when it isn t the answer concerns ergodicity if the generalization is done towards an ergodic ensemble then it has a good chance of being correct vlad tarko paul samuelson once famously claimed that the...