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kernel management in minios minios documentation skip to content minios documentation search k main navigation home about quick start install hardware compatibility installing to disk usb creation tools configure boot menus boot parameters configuration file live config parameters session management manage packages kernel management security hardening performance virtualization develop building minios creating modules rebuilding iso condinapt condinapt in minios english deutsch español français indonesia italiano português brasil русский english deutsch español français indonesia italiano português brasil русский appearance menu return to top sidebar navigation about minios overview system architecture installation quick start guide hardware compatibility installing minios minios installer usb creation tools rufus ventoy balena etcher unetbootin dd command drive utility original method configuration boot menus boot parameters configuration file live config parameters session management administration package list kernel management security hardening performance optimization virtualization development building minios creating modules rebuilding iso condinapt condinapt in minios on this page kernel management in minios why replace the kernel minios comes with a default kernel but there are several reasons why you might want to replace it different debian kernel flavours debian provides several kernel variants optimized for different use cases linux image 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 standard kernel for 64 bit systems default in minios linux image 6 12 38 deb13 rt amd64 real time kernel for time critical applications linux image 6 12 38 deb13 cloud amd64 optimized for cloud and virtualized environments note version numbers like 6 12 38 deb13 change with updates to find current available kernels bash apt search linux image amd64 apt search linux image rt amd64 apt search linux image cloud amd64 specialized use cases real time computing rt kernels for audio production industrial control gaming and low latency custom kernels with gaming optimizations security hardening kernels with additional security patches grsecurity etc hardware compatibility newer kernels for recent hardware support performance tuning custom compiled kernels with specific optimizations ️ custom kernel features custom patches apply specific patches for your hardware or use case kernel modules add support for specialized hardware or filesystems compiler optimizations build with different optimization flags size optimization remove unnecessary drivers to reduce kernel size common scenarios audio production workstations use rt kernel for minimal audio latency gaming systems apply gaming specific patches and optimizations server environments use cloud optimized kernels for better virtualization legacy hardware use older kernels for compatibility with vintage systems development systems test applications against different kernel versions ️ minios kernel manager overview minios provides two tools for kernel management ️ minios kernel manager gui a user friendly graphical application for packaging installing and managing kernels ️ minios kernel cli a command line tool for advanced users and automation both tools automatically handle kernel packaging into squashfs format initramfs generation with proper drivers and boot scripts installation to the minios kernel repository bootloader configuration updates kernel activation and switching ️ important considerations administrative privileges both tools require administrative privileges and will prompt for authentication via policykit kernel compatibility ensure kernels are compatible with minios repository kernels are recommended minios directory tools automatically detect the minios directory minios and verify write permissions automatic updates bootloader configurations are updated automatically when kernels are activated ️ method 1 using minios kernel manager gui the graphical kernel manager provides an intuitive interface for all kernel operations steps 1 launch the application bash minios kernel manager or search for minios kernel manager in your application menu 2 package a new kernel using the package kernel tab select kernel source manual package browse and select a local deb kernel package repository choose from available kernels in the debian ubuntu repositories configure compression select squashfs compression zstd recommended lz4 lzo xz or gzip package the kernel click package kernel button monitor progress in the packaging log files are automatically installed to the minios repository 3 manage installed kernels using the manage kernels tab view available kernels see all packaged kernels with status badges active currently configured kernel running currently booted kernel available available for activation activate a kernel right click on a kernel and select activate kernel confirm the activation dialog bootloader configuration is updated automatically delete a kernel right click on an inactive kernel and select delete kernel confirm deletion cannot be undone ️ method 2 using minios kernel cli the command line tool provides scriptable kernel management capabilities ️ administrative privileges required the cli tool requires root privileges and will automatically check for them run commands with sudo or through pkexec bash sudo minios kernel list or pkexec minios kernel activate 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 basic commands 1 list available kernels bash sudo minios kernel list shows all packaged kernels with their status 2 package a kernel from repository bash sudo minios kernel package repo linux image 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 o tmp kernel output from local deb file bash sudo minios kernel package deb path to kernel deb o tmp kernel output with custom compression bash sudo minios kernel package repo linux image 6 12 38 deb13 rt amd64 sqfs comp lz4 o tmp kernel output 3 activate a kernel bash sudo minios kernel activate 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 4 ️ delete a kernel bash sudo minios kernel delete 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 5 check status bash sudo minios kernel status shows minios directory status and current kernel information 6 ℹ️ show kernel information bash sudo minios kernel info information about current active kernel sudo minios kernel info 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 information about specific kernel shows detailed information about a specific kernel including its status and availability advanced cli options json output for scripting bash sudo minios kernel json list sudo minios kernel json status sudo minios kernel json info sudo minios kernel json package repo linux image 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 o tmp output sudo minios kernel json activate 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 sudo minios kernel json delete 6 12 38 deb13 amd64 advanced package options bash use custom temporary directory requires at least 1024mb free space sudo minios kernel package repo linux image 6 12 38 deb13 rt amd64 o tmp output temp dir custom temp force package lists update if outdated sudo minios kernel package repo linux image 6 12 38 deb13 rt amd64 o tmp output force update help and usage bash minios kernel help general help doesn t require root sudo minios kernel package help package command help sudo minios kernel list help list command help sudo minios kernel activate help activate command help sudo minios kernel info help info command help sudo minios kernel status help status command help sudo minios kernel delete help delete command help troubleshooting common issues and solutions minios directory not found cause tools cannot locate the minios directory solution ensure you re running from a minios system or the usb drive is properly mounted check run sudo minios kernel status to verify directory detection permission denied cause minios directory is read only or insufficient permissions solution ensure you have administrative privileges and the filesystem is writable check verify the minios directory status in the gui or cli package installation failed cause corrupted package network issues or dependency problems solution verify the package file integrity check network connectivity for repository packages update package lists sudo apt update kernel panic after activation cause incompatible kernel or missing drivers solution boot from rescue mode or older kernel use sudo minios kernel activate working version to activate a known working kernel check kernel compatibility with your hardware system boots old kernel cause bootloader configuration not updated properly solution re run kernel activation sudo minios kernel activate version check that the kernel was properly packaged and installed ️ hardware not working after kernel change cause missing drivers in the new kernel solution verify the squashfs kernel module file was installed check if the new kernel supports your hardware consider using a different kernel variant kernel recovery from original minios image if you need to recover from a corrupted or incompatible kernel you can boot from the original minios iso usb bash boot from original minios image with from parameter at boot prompt specify your installed minios device from dev sda1 replace with your actual minios device recovery process when you boot from the original minios iso usb image and specify in the from parameter the device where minios is installed the init system detects this and allows you to access your installed minios system the recovery method depends on whether the original kernel files are still present if the original kernel still exists boot happens seamlessly with the original kernel from the iso usb manually activate the original kernel sudo minios kernel activate original kernel version if the original kernel was deleted manually copy kernel files from the original minios image and restore them to the appropriate locations on your minios installation manually activate the restored kernel sudo minios kernel activate original kernel version in both cases kernel activation requires manual intervention after the recovery process diagnostic commands check current system status bash sudo minios kernel status sudo minios kernel info current active kernel info uname r current running kernel cat proc version kernel version details lsmod loaded kernel modules verify kernel files bash ls la minios kernels list packaged kernels ls la minios boot list boot files check bootloader configuration bash grep r vmlinuz minios boot find kernel references in boot configs file structure overview the minios kernel manager automatically manages these files kernel repository structure minios 01 kernel sb active kernel module standard location kernels repository of inactive alternative kernels 01 kernel version sb squashfs kernel modules vmlinuz version kernel binaries initrfs version img initial ram filesystems boot vmlinuz version active kernel binary initrfs version img active initial ram filesystem syslinux syslinux cfg syslinux bootloader config grub grub cfg grub bootloader config note the standard 01 kernel sb module that comes with minios contains additional drivers beyond those included in the original repository kernel packages these additional drivers provide enhanced hardware compatibility for wireless adapters and storage devices status indicators active kernel configured in bootloader will boot on next restart running currently executing kernel available packaged and ready for activation automatic operations kernel packaging and compression initramfs generation with proper drivers installation to minios repository bootloader configuration updates symlink management for active kernels cleanup of temporary files best practices kernel selection use kernels from official debian ubuntu repositories when possible test new kernels in non production environments first keep at least one known working kernel for recovery before installing verify minios directory is writable ensure sufficient disk space kernels can be 100 500mb update package lists for repository kernels after installation test the new kernel thoroughly verify all hardware functions correctly keep previous kernel as backup until new one is proven stable recovery planning always maintain a working kernel backup know how to boot from rescue media if needed document which kernels work with your hardware configuration pager previous page package list next page security hardening released under the gpl 3 0 license official website source code download copyright 2009 2026 minios linux all rights reserved