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actually do exist in our world this claim actually runs counter to much modern day philosophical thought that familiar objects actually do not exist i e a dog is just a bunch of atomic particles that consist of what we perceive to be a dog etc elder argues that this amounts to a modern day plato s cave in where philosophers are only arguing for the existence of the shadows of objects and not the objects themselves in general contemporary metaphysics is deeply sceptical of the familiar objects in which common sense believes it is far more ready to attribute reality to entities that are much smaller to the particles and wave packtes and strings which microphysics treats as real or to the mereoloigical simples for which philosophical reflection provides some support any such view must find some way of explaining why there appear to be familiar medium sized objects in the world the main business of this book is to argue that leading examples of such explanations fail for time and again such explanations project downwards onto the small entities of the preferred ontology structures and relations and features that properly belong to familiar objects such projections are harmless so long as one allows that there also are in addition to the small entities the familiar objects that form the starting point of the projection but if as generally the case the aim is to expunge familiar objects from ontology the invocation of such structures and relations and features is illegitimate the opponetns of familiar objects are then helping themselves to shadows cast downwards onto the level of the preferred small entities while denying that the sources of these shadows exist what explains this scepticism i shall being by suggesting that contemporary metaphysics is dominated by the style of thought which hegel using the nineteenth century vocabulary of faculties called the understanding and that the understanding is constitutionally antipathetic to familiar objects but first a few words about the style of thought that finds familiar objects congenial the style of thought which hegel identified under the title reason a prime characteristic of reason is that it is willing to recognize what hegel called identity in difference identify in difference is a form of sameness which articulates itself in difference typically a familiar object goes on being itself while passing through different phases or properties that is while differing from itself indeed in many cases and especially if we count such properties as age among the relevant ones a familiar object can go on being numerically the same object only by differing more and more from its earlier self it is the same composite only because it is differently composed common sense is quick to agree that these properties fall into contrary ranges each contrasting to graded degrees with its own proper rivals the hegelian claim on which i shall focus at length is that for any genuine property its having the intrinsic positive character that it has just is at least in part its contrasting as it does with its own proper rivals its being just that property is its differing in just those ways from just those other properties 1 166 7 reference elder crawford l 2011 familiar objects and their shadows new york cambridge university press transnational theory and the state published february 13 2012 economics imperialism philippines politics sociology leave a comment tags filipino filipino american globalization migrants postcolonial transnational in her new book on globalization labor brokerage and filipina o migrant workers dr robyn magalit rodriguez you can gain access to her current lectures at uc davis here offers a critique of current scholarship on globalization and hence postcolonial and transnational theory especially in the field of filipina o studies where a huge focus has been on ignoring the roles of nation states and class structures under the current flows of global capitalism and american imperialism philippine international migration is emblematic of globalization in describing the increasing mobility of labor it is often filipina and filipino migrants that scholars refer to as a primary example of this phenomenon to suggest that the philippine state is crucial to an understanding of philippine international migration as i do here therefore it to make an important intervention in the scholarship on international migration much of the scholarship on international migration of late has tended to reify capital flows from above to undersand global labor flows or in opposition to this scholarship has examined globalization specifically immigrant transnationalism from below my research shows that the state plays a central role in both these processes but just as importantly my research shows how the state links and mediates between these two processes through a case study of philippine migration i argue that the state is fundamental to globalization just as importantly global processes constitute the state 143 4 reference rodriguez robyn magalit 2010 migrants for export how the philippine state brokers labor to the world minneapolis minnesota university of minnesota press the proletariat and the creation of class published november 21 2011 marxism philosophy politics workers unions leave a comment tags class communism communist communist manifesto marx marxism proletariat working class in an essay on mao zeodong s philosophical thought richard johnson writes because relative to that of the communist the socioeconomic persona of the proletariat is limited and give the empirical existence of political vicissitudes may remain so indefinitely the chance that from such a basis alone will be launched a coherent direct and enlightened politics is slight understandable then in this light is the enigmatic logic of the manifesto where inscribed among the historic character of communists is the task of the formation of the proletariat into a class the apparent paradox that an entity that is already a class must be made to become a class is comprehensible when it is remembered that the historical process of consciousness is not identical to the consciousness of the historical process that moreover ideological forms have a historical depth related to but not immediately determined by material development it is thus by this logic that the qualitative transformation of empirical perhaps sporadic political action into direct and conscious class based political programs exists within the historical scope of an organizing medium led by a group of enlightened elites vis communists 211 2 reference johnson ricahrd a compendium of the infinite exercises of political purpose in the philosophy of mao zedong in critical perspectives on mao zedong s thought eds arif dirlik et al 207 233 amherst new york humanity books logocentrism in 19th century european thought published november 2 2011 derrida france germany philosophy leave a comment tags deconstruction deconstructionism derrida jacques derrida logocentrism philosophy in his seminal work of grammatology jacques derrida 1930 2004 breaks down the idea of logocentrism within european philosophical thought within this age of metaphysics between descartes and hegel rousseau is undoubtedly the only one or the first one to make a theme or a system of the reduction of writing profoundly implied by the entire age he repeats the inaugural movement of the phaedurs and of de interpretatione but starts from a new model of presence the subject s self presence within consciousness or feeling what he excluded more violently than others must of course have fascinated and tormented him more than it did others descartes had driven out the sign and particularly the written sign from the cogito and from clear and distinct evidence the latter being the very presence of the idea of the soul the sign was an accessory abandoned in the region of the senses and the imagination hegel reappropriates the sensible sign to the movement of the idea he criticizes leibniz and praises phonetic writing within the horizon of an absolutely self present logos remaining close t itself within the unity of its speech and its concept but neither descartes nor hegel grappled with the problem of writing the place of this combat and crisis is called the eighteenth century not only because it restores the rights of sensibility the imagination and the sign but because attempts of the leibnizian type had opened a breach within logocentric security we must bring to light what it was that right from the start within these attempts at a universal characteristic limited the power and extent of the breakthrough before hegel and in explicit terms rousseau condemned the universal characteristic not because of the theological foundation which ordained its possibility for the infinite understanding of logos of god but because it seemed to suspend the voice through this condemnation can be read the most energetic eighteenth century reaction organizing the defense of phonologism and of logocentric metaphysics what threatens is indeed writing it is not an accidental and haphazard threat it reconciles within a single historical system the projects of pasigraphy the discovery of non european scripts or at any rate the massive progress of the techniques and deciphering and finally the idea of a general science of language and writing against all of these prussures a battle is then declared hegelianism will be its finest scar 98 9 bold mine reference derrida jacques 1997 of grammatology translated by gayatri chakravorty spivak baltimore md john hopkins university press challenges with building a leftist city published september 16 2011 politics united states leave a comment tags bay area government left leftism politics progressive progressivism san francisco in his classic book left coast city richard edward deleon wrote about the challenges that left winged progressives would have in being able to take control of the san francisco government apparatus while still holding onto their progressive politics under a capitalist regime a reality progressives must face is that a small business economy by itself is inadequate to support a progressive regime t he city s small businesses are not always beautiful and its petty bourgeoisie will never be the economic vanguard of radicalism leftist arguments that romanticize small business and demonize big business fail to capture the diversity and complexity of san francisco s business community in the city s service economy what most small service firms serve are big businesses to discount the economic importance of large corporations or to view them simply as objects of expropriation is to validate claims that progressives are unable to think strategically about the city as a whole yet the progressives are onto something in their love affair with small business their emphasis on preserving and promoting small firms and neighborhood shops follows logically from a slow growth perspective on land use and physical development 172 3 bolded words are mine reference deleon richard edward 1992 left coast city progressive politics in san francisco 1975 1991 lawrence kansas university press kansas black working class radicalism in oakland published august 31 2011 black history politics race united states leave a comment tags african american black panther party black panthers california history oakland radicalism union workers working class black panther party members outside of a safeway in the east bay during the safeway boycott photo by stephen shames historian robert o self in his book on geography capitalism and its affects on the black population in the san francisco east bay wrote in the workplaces and communities of midcentury west oakland african american residents forged a distinct laborite culture that blended class politics with civil rights based in the brotherhod of sleeping car porters and other black railroad unions as well as the left wing of the international longshoremen s and warehousemen s union ilwu on the docks and the marine cooks and stewards union mcsu on the ships this culture extended its influence broadly through the east bay this culture extended its reach across time black longshoremen veterans of the brutal class wars on the docks in the 1930s articulated an internationalism that would by the 1960s influence oaklanders huey newton and bobby seale as they founded the black panther party black leaders from the railroad unions established political strategies in the 1940s that would guide a generation of activists in the late 1960s and early 1970s from one decade to the next across the second half of the century these neighborhoods were home to a rich range of laborite community civil rights and eventually black liberation politics oakland provides an excellent vantage from which to launch an inquiry into this history best known as the birthplace of the black panther party in 1966 and as a national fulcrum of black radicalism throughout the late 1960s oakland was also a major seat of african american influence in california politics beginning in the late 1940s and the home of an extensive tradition of black social advocacy and organizing indeed the generation of black activists before the panthers developed strategies alliances and sources of power that profoundly shaped the political terrain of race in both the east bay and california as a whole recovering the story of that generation men and women who achieved none of the national media exposure and fame of the panthers and faced little of the state sponsored harassment and investigations allows us to appreciate both the surprising continuities as well as the jarring divergences between the activists of the 1940s and 1950s and those of the 1960s and 1970s the long postwar black liberation movement in the east bay featured a fluid political environment in which philosophies and strategies competed with and interpenetrated one another above all in the decades after world war ii civil rights in oakland stood less for civil rights than for economic rights the foundation on which black american political demands had rested since the 1930s 5 6 12 reference self robert o 2003 american babylon race and the struggle for postwar oakland princeton new jersey princeton university press the falsehood of multiple modernities published august 27 2011 imperialism marxism philosophy politics postmodernism žižek leave a comment tags marxism modernity parallax view philosophy postmodernism slavoj žižek the parallax view žižek on white by wassily kandinsky critiquing the concept of alternate modernities and its consequences toward understanding universalist theories žižek explains the significance of this critique reaches far beyond the case of modernity it concerns the fundamental limitation of nominalist historicizing the recourse to multiplication there is not one modernity with a fixed essence there are multiple modernities each o...