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nything you write will also be available when you read in transactions following the write you might want to guarantee that multiple reads read later data all the time called read monotonicity or other forms of guarantees on the result sets you get back from the distributed database this might require connectors to wait for transactions to reach slaves before reading but this should be transparent to the application this is just a small set of the possibilities for the future so it is really going to be interesting to see how the mysql fabric story develops you can download mysql utilities which includes mysql fabric from http dev mysql com downloads tools utilities you can read mysql utilities documentation at http dev mysql com doc mysql utilities 1 4 en index html you can report bugs or request features on http bugs mysql com mysql forum fabric sharding ha utilities klockan 2 47 pm 9 comments email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest etiketter high availability mysql mysql fabric python replication sharding tuesday april 29 2014 mysql fabric tales and tails from percona live going to percona live and presenting mysql fabric gave me the opportunity to meet a lot of people and get a lot of good feedback i talked to developers from many different companies and got a lot of great feedback that will affect the priorities we make so to all i spoke to i would like to say a great thank you for the interesting discussions that we had your feedback is very valuable it was very interesting to read the comments on mysql fabric on mysql performance blog the article discuss the current version of mysql fabric distributed with mysql utilities and give some brief points on features of mysql fabric i think it could be good to give some context to some of the points they raise both to elaborate on the points and show what they mean in reality and also to give some background to how we were thinking around these points the art of framing the fabric it was a deliberate decision to make mysql fabric extensible so it is not surprising that it have the feel of a framework by making mysql fabric extensible we allow community and users to explore ideas or add user specific support in the mysql team at oracle we are strong believers in the open source model and are working hard to keep it that way there are many reasons to why we believe in this model but one of the reasons is that we do not believe that one size fit all for any users there are always minor variations or tweaks that are required by the users own specific needs this means that the ability to tweak and adapt the solution to their specific needs is very important without mysql being open source this would not be possible as you can see from webscalesql this is not just a theoretical exercise this is how companies really use mysql from the start we therefore focused on building a framework and created the sharding and high availability as plugins granted they are very important plugins but they are nevertheless plugins this took a little more effort and a little more thinking but by doing it this way we can ensure that the system is truly extensible for everybody hey i ve got a server in my farm as noted many if the issues related to high availability and sharding require server side support to get it really solid this is also something we recognized quite early the alternative would be to place the logic in the connectors or the fabric node we recognized that the right place to solve this is in the server not in connector layer since that put a lot of complexity at the wrong place even if it was possible to handle everything in the connector there is still a chance that something goes wrong if the constraints are not enforced in the server this could be because of bugs because of mistakes in the administration of the server or any other number of reasons so to build a solid solution constraints on the data should be enforced by the servers and not in the connectors or in a proxy an example given is that there is no way to check that a row ends up in the right shard which is very true a generic solution to this would be to add check constraint on the server but unfortunately this is a very big change in the server code base adding triggers to the tables on the server is probably a good short term solution but that require managing and deploying extra code on all servers which in turn is an additional burden on managing the servers which is something we would like to avoid the more special things you have to do with the servers the higher the risk is of something going wrong on the proximity of things one of the central components of mysql fabric are the high availability groups or just groups when it is clear from the context that were discussed in an earlier post the central idea around a group is that each group manages the same piece of data and mysql fabric is designed to handle and coordinate multiple groups into a federation of databases the feature of being able to manage multiple groups is something that is critical to create a sharded system on thing that is quite often raised is that it should be possible for a server to belong to multiple groups but i think this comes from a misunderstanding on what a group represents it is not a replica set which gives information about the topology that is how replication is set up nor does it say anything about how the group is deployed it is perfectly ok to have members of the group in different data centers for geographical redundancy and it is perfectly ok to have replication between groups to support for example functional partitioning if a server belonged to two different groups it would mean that it manages two different sets of data at the same time the fact that group members can be located in different data centers raises another important aspect something that was often mentioned at percona live that of managing the proximity of components in the system there is some support for this in hadoop where you have rack awareness but we need a slightly more flexible model imagine that you have a group set up with two servers in different data centers and you further have scale out slaves attached locally you have connectors deployed in both data centers but when reading data you do not want to go to the other data center to execute the transaction it should always be done locally so is it sufficient to be able to just have a simple grouping of the components no because you can have multiple levels of proximity for example data centers continents and even rooms or racks within a data center you can also have different facets that you want to model such as latency throughput or other properties that are interesting for particular uses for that reason whatever proximity model we deploy it need to support a hierarchy and also have a more flexible cost model where you can model different aspects given that this problem have been raised several times on percona live and also by others it is likely to be something we need to prioritize the crux of the problem as most of you have already noted there is a single fabric node running that everybody talk to isn t this a single point of failure it is indeed but there is more to the story than just this a single point of failure is a problem because if it goes down so does the system but in this case it doesn t really go down it will keep running most of the time the fabric node does a lot of things it keeps track of the status of all the components of the farm execute procedures to handle fail over and deliver information about the farm on request however the connectors are the ones that route the transactions to the correct place and to avoid having to ask the fabric node about information each time the connectors maintain caches this means that in the event of a fabric node failure connectors might not even notice that it is gone unless they had to re fill their caches this means that if you restart the fabric node it will be able to serve the information again another thing that stops when the fabric node goes down is that no more fail overs can be done and ongoing procedures are stopped in their tracks which could potentially leave the farm in an unknown state however the state of the execution of any ongoing procedures are stored in the backing store so when you bring up the fabric node again it will restore the procedures from the backing store and continue executing this feature alone do not help against a complete loss of the machine where the fabric node and the backing store are put but mysql fabric is not relying on specific storage engine features any transactional engine will do so by using mysql cluster as the storage engine it is possible to ensure safe keeping of the state there are still good reasons to support multi node fabric instances if one fabric node goes down it should automatically fail over to another and continue execution this will prevent any downtime in handling executions detecting and bringing up a secondary fabric node can become very complicated in the case of network partitions since it require handling split brain scenarios reliably it is then better to have this built into mysql fabric since it makes deployment and management significantly simpler management of a farm does not put any significant pressure on the database back end but having a single fabric node can be a bottleneck in this case it would be good to be able to execute multiple independent procedures on different fabric nodes and coordinate the updates if a lot of connectors are required to fill their caches at the same time we have a risk of a thundering herd having a set of fabric nodes for read scale out can then be beneficial if a group is deployed in two very remote data centers it is desirable to have a local fabric node for read only purposes instead of having to go to the other data center more fabric aware connectors currently we support connectors for python java and php but one point that pop up quite often both at percona live and elsewhere is the lack of a fabric aware c connector it is the basis for implementing both the perl database interface mysql driver dbd mysql and for the ruby connector but is also desirable in itself for applications using c or c connector all i can say at this point is that we are aware of the situation and know that it is something desired and important interesting links mysql fabric setup using ndb cluster klockan 3 21 pm 1 comment email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest etiketter high availability high availability groups mysql mysql fabric replication sharding tuesday april 01 2014 mysql fabric 1 4 2 released as you saw in the press release mysql fabric 1 4 2 is now released if you re interested in learning more about mysql fabric there is a session april 3 2014 11 10 12pm titled sharding and scale out using mysql fabric in ballroom g mysql fabric is a relatively new project in the mysql ecosystem and it focuses on building a framework for working with large deployments of mysql servers the architecture of mysql fabric is such that it allows extensions to be added and the first two extensions that we added were support for high availability using high availability groups ha groups and sharding to manage very large databases the first version of sharding have hash and range sharding implemented as well as procedures for moving and splitting shards a critical part of working with a collection of servers is the ability to route transactions to the correct servers and for efficiency reasons we quite early decided to put this routing logic into the connectors this avoid one extra network hop and hence improve performance by reducing latency but it does require that the connectors containing routing logic caches and support for fetching data from mysql fabric putting the routing logic into the connector also make it easy to extend the api to add new support that applications can require mysql fabric 1 4 2 is distributed as part of mysql utilities 1 4 2 to avoid confusion we have changed the version numbering to match the version of mysql utilities it is distributed in you can download mysql utilities 1 4 2 from http dev mysql com downloads tools utilities you can read mysql utilities 1 4 2 documentation at http dev mysql com doc mysql utilities 1 4 en index html we have just done a few public releases even though we did a few internal releases as well but a brief history of our releases this far is mysql fabric 1 4 0 first public release high availability groups for modeling farms event driven executor for execution of management procedures simple failure detector with fail over procedures hash and range sharding allowing management of large databases shard move and shard split to support management of a sharded database connector interfaces to support federated database systems fabric aware connector python labs fabric aware connector j labs fabric aware connector php labs mysql fabric 1 4 1 more solid scale out support in connectors and mysql fabric improvements to the executor to avoid stalling reads connector python 1 2 0 containing range and hash sharding load balancing support labs release of connector j with fabric support mysql fabric 1 4 2 credentials in mysql fabric external failure reporting interfaces supporting external failure detectors support for unreliable failure detectors in mysql fabric credentials support in connector python connector python 1 2 1 containing failure reporting credentials support connector j 5 1 30 containing fabric support do you want to participate there is a lot you can do if you want to help improve mysql fabric if you find bugs or want specific feature please report a bug at http bugs mysql com mysql forum fabric sharding ha utilities blogs about mysql fabric alfranio correia blogs on high availability and mysql fabric narayanan venkateswaran blogs on sharding and mysql fabric geert vanderkelen blogs on connector python and mysql fabric johannes schlüter blogs on connector php and mysql fabric ulf wendel blogs about connector php and mysql fabric klockan 5 17 am no comments email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest etiketter high availability mysql mysql fabric python sharding monday october 21 2013 mysql fabric high availability groups as you might have noticed we have released a framework for managing farms or grids as justin suggested of mysql servers called mysql fabric mysql fabric is focused on being easy to use and extensible and two extensions are currently part of the framework one to manage high availability and one to implement sharding high availability group high availability groups one of the central concepts used to construct a farm is the high availability group or just group when there is no risk of confusion and is introduced by the high availability extension as mentioned in the previous post the group conce...