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Text of the page (random words):
from general bonaparte to emperor napoleon i of france n e napoleon empire from bonaparte to napoleon i life of napoleon napoleon bonaparte his biography travels genealogy and family napoleon and war napoleon a man of war seven coalitions twelve campaigns hundreds of battles and actions napoleonic era detailed chronology and calendar analysis of major events plus a very useful republican calendar personalities the major figures of the napoleonic era along with some lesser known ones napoleonic maps the siege of genoa the battle of ulm the battle of smolensk poems set in music news list of the most recently added updated or revised pages on the website institutions institutions of the consulate and the empire with lists of members of the main branches of the state society french society under napoleon nobility medical profession freemasonry public health domestic politics french domestic policy particularly the struggle against political opposition napoleon tour the europe of napoleonic tourism battlefields birthplaces and graves of heroes republican calendar converter maps of the napoleonic wars the seven coalitions campaigns and main battles battle of austerlitz sources official and unofficial texts napoleonic philately contributors and webmasters quiz have fun testing your knowledge of the napoleonic epic with quizzes of varying difficulty battle s of the month event of the day october 12 1808 signing of an agreement renewing the alliance between the two emperors of france and of russia pictures of the month october 22 1784 napoleon entered the royal military school of champ de mars the military school of paris october 14 1805 battle of elchingen oberelchingen and its abbey october 23 1806 installation of the french command at charlottenburg palace near berlin charlottenburg palace berlin the raison d être of the napoléon empire website a google search for napoleon bonaparte brings up over ten million results the idea of adding a drop to this ocean can therefore only come from enthusiasts determined as they are to bear witness to their fascination for a character endowed according to chateaubriand with the most powerful breath of life that ever animated human clay the napoleon empire website makes no greater claim for its existence in our opinion napoleon s will intelligence daring and achievements make him the prototype of the great man even if this concept is viewed with suspicion today the fact remains that from a relatively modest family background and a peripheral province only recently incorporated into france chateaubriand described his family as half african he rose to power in one of the oldest and most important countries in europe before carving out an empire for himself on a continent then made up of the most prosperous developed and powerful nations on the globe not even caesar a patrician born in rome or alexander heir to the kingdom of macedonia could compare with him in this respect he owed his meteoric rise to his talent of course but also to his energy and above all his capacity for hard work he always spoke of his genius in a somewhat mocking tone while taking great pride in his ability to work tirelessly in this way his career is positively revolutionary his work is no less so napoleon s career brief though it was was so eventful that it has few parallels in french history it fell to the first consul then the emperor to preside over the reconstruction of a new society based on new legal political and social rules on the ruins of the ancien régime destroyed by the revolution less dazzling than his military prowess this rebuilding proved more useful and more profitable to the nation and more lasting too in its effects for the institutional edifice it built proved to be of rare solidity and was maintained for the most part well into the 20th century france built its modern state on this foundation and many european countries followed suit why with such a track record does napoleon arouse such admiration and fascination in some and such hostility in others why did the french authorities prefer to remain as discreet as an english butler during the years 1996 2015 when so many glorious bicentennials were waiting to be commemorated the charge against napoleon over the re establishment of slavery cannot by itself explain this phenomenon especially as it only began in 2005 and other opportunities had already been squandered in previous years the primary cause certainly lies in the reputation for warmongering that attaches to his name and the bloodshed for which he is held responsible but is he really the only one to blame for the incessant conflicts that ravaged europe during his reign is it really certain that his adversaries were determined to make peace especially england france s main historical rival which financed hostilities against france for twenty five years admittedly the man many consider to be the greatest military genius of all time and who always imposed himself on his enemies on the battlefield may have abused this superiority however it is difficult to argue that his military ventures were driven by anything other than political considerations it was louis xiv who confessed i loved war too much napoleon on the other hand used it as a tool never prolonging hostilities once his objectives had been achieved until then however he had waged war without qualms if time and changes in attitudes and values have spoiled the prestige of great conquerors let s not forget that napoleon lived at a time when military glory and heroism were usually ranked among the noblest human achievements and war was considered a school of virtue in fact we don t have to go back very far to recall the days when hoche marceau kléber and desaix were held up as examples to children in french schools general bonaparte some would argue was certainly of the same caliber but he didn t die like them at the turn of the century and metamorphosed into an entirely different character napoleon i this is the other recurring criticism levelled at him that he stifled the revolution this is to forget or to refuse to see that his regime proved itself a worthy heir to the revolution when it strove to secure the acceptance of its territorial annexations by the sovereigns of europe the empire as a political entity combined elements of both monarchy and republic the much maligned wars commonly described as napoleonic also brought about the collapse of large parts of the feudal and absolutist order throughout europe the emperor remained consistently more popular among the lower classes than among the upper classes he was also always concerned to provide employment for workers and to ensure that markets were adequately supplied all this you may object at the price of freedom that s true it s impossible to deny it napoleon s temperament and training combined to make him hate disorder he saw it as the consequence of excessive freedom during the revolutionary years he mistrusted excessive freedom and curtailed it as far as he could in doing so however he met with little opposition in french society which was generally indifferent to the loss since equality had been proclaimed and secured while the nation s dazzling grandeur which came very close to total domination of europe flattered the pride of its people the sacrifice made was it seemed amply compensated and perhaps it was the prerequisite for achieving that synthesis of ancien régime and revolutionary france which from the 18th brumaire onwards was one of the objectives most doggedly pursued by both consul bonaparte and emperor napoleon although he was unable to achieve it for lack of time and the respective elites of these two groups did not amalgamate he nevertheless forced them throughout his reign to coexist and put their abilities at the service of the state for the latter s greatest benefit indeed the consulate and empire together make up one of those rare periods in french history when our country s successes were achieved exclusively at the expense of foreign powers and not of a section of its own people it s clear then that he is such a complex and multifaceted figure that any judgment of him is bound to be reductive hence the contradictory accounts of his life and the divergent assessments of him and his achievements it is difficult to reconcile within a single figure the young corsican patriot the deposed and ailing prisoner the victorious conqueror the revolutionary general favored by robespierre and later barras and the authoritarian emperor napoleon played all these roles and many more in diplomatic political administrative and military spheres he alone is the exception that proves or the example that disproves depending on one s own convictions the rule that history can be explained by the general laws of social evolution rather than by the consequences of the choices made by its major actors in conclusion napoleon bonaparte is one of history s most prodigious phenomena an irreducibly singular yet universal figure his complexity continues to fascinate people all over the world each generation finds in him something that speaks to its own concerns there s no doubt that the day when his story will cease to be written is still a long way off lionel a bouchon authors didier grau lionel a bouchon this page was written by didier grau doctor of medicine 13008 marseille france and lionel a bouchon pharmacist it specialist 74540 gruffy france the two of them founded the napoléon et empire website in 2008 and have run it together ever since their research focuses in particular on the precise location of napoleonic sites of memory about this page published on september 18th 2013 reading time between 9 and 14 minutes last modified on december 2nd 2024 word count 1739 number of images 9 search the site links accessibility legal information acknowledgements webmasters website created on march 9 2008 by lionel a bouchon and didier grau copyright 2008 2026 napoleon empire to contact us ten eripme noelopan ertsembew home life of napoleon war historical facts personalities civil institutions society domestic policy tourism sources documents french search 9 14 min you are here n apoleon e mpire you come from