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description=2 posts published by nydwracu during August 2016;

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august 2016 nydwracu niþgrim nihtbealwa mæst home about nydwracu niþgrim nihtbealwa mæst part 2 monthly archives august 2016 an unusual vowel contrast 1 comment posted by nydwracu on august 27 2016 geoff lindsey writes i do think that the official ipa chart is crowded with symbols which exist not so much for good acoustic or linguistic reasons as to fill the slots implied by its tongue space framework for instance i m not sure that languages ever contrast ɨ and ɯ the unrounded close non front vowel of languages like turkish and vietnamese is sometimes transcribed as ɯ and sometimes as ɨ a while ago i downloaded phoible s database since they don t have a search function on the site searching the database for inventories from the same source that contain both ɨ and ɯ i get apatani ra bora saphon kenyang ph kilba gm kod̩agu ra matses ph matsés saphon miraña saphon mishmi ra nimboran upsid sedik ph sema ra southern ute ph tangkul naga ra wayana saphon this is of course inconclusive since the databases phoible draws from are unreliable the apatani vowel inventory sourced from ra in phoible differs wildly from the more usual one given in this paper however this paywalled study claims that bora really does have this contrast sil s grammar of kenyang claims that the language contrasts all of ɨ ɯ u which is an even stronger example than nimboran the standard example of a language with such a contrast nimboran has a six vowel system with no rounded vowels as does matses uncategorized linguistics the dravidian australian connection 6 comments posted by nydwracu on august 4 2016 the indigenous languages of australia have striking similarities in their phoneme inventories most have no fricatives and none as far as i know have sibilants australian languages tend to have retroflexes one exception is bandjalang which has only 12 consonants palatals contrastive dentals and alveolars and several laterals and rhotics gasser and bowern 2013 provide a chart of a standard average australian phoneme inventory individual languages of course diverge from this pattern some have a voicing contrast in plosives although this may really be a gemination contrast gasser and bowern report that 59 of languages with a plosive voicing contrast collapse it initially cf the proto basque fortis lenis contrast in plosives this has become a voicing contrast but fortis consonants could not appear word initially and lenis consonants could not appear word finally over half have contrastive vowel length but there is much less difference across inventories in australia than in most parts of the world for example guugu yimidhirr the source of the english word kangaroo differs only in having only one lateral the apico alveolar l and a length contrast in its vowels dyirbal the language whose noun class system inspired the title of george lakoff s women fire and dangerous things is somewhat more divergent its only retroflex consonant is the flap ɽ its only lateral is the apico alveolar l and its only laminal consonant series is palatal what happens if we compare standard average australian to tamil the vowel inventory of tamil differs significantly from that of saa tamil has the mid vowels e o the diphthongs ai au and a length contrast in monophthongs but the underlying consonant inventory is almost identical the only significant differences are in the liquids the rhotics are both retroflex and tamil has fewer laterals than saa looking to modern languages to try to gain information on ancient patterns is of course untenable as serious methodology but it s at least suggestive here s proto dravidian the velar nasal present in all australian languages in gasser and bowern s sample may not have been phonemic in proto dravidian but the general similarity is clear i know of no other non australian language family that so closely follows the typical australian language pattern so although i have no suggestion as to the causal relation here no hypothetical scenario of ancient contact between india and australia that could have spread this pattern from one place to the other i suspect that one exists interestingly a ban on word initial retroflexes is common among australian languages and proto dravidian like some languages of western australia although i don t know when this restriction developed banned all apicals from word initial position uncategorized linguistics rss feed search for recent posts the soviet government s uniformly pro marriage position america s cultural offensive throughout the world 1955 an unusual vowel contrast the dravidian australian connection national ist security recent comments victor preston on marcuse s deep state carl hardy on salon headlines soliman on marcuse s deep state hitler does friday t on marcuse s deep state free speech again un on marcuse s deep state archives december 2016 august 2016 july 2016 june 2016 may 2016 april 2016 january 2016 november 2015 september 2015 august 2015 july 2015 june 2015 may 2015 april 2015 march 2015 february 2015 january 2015 december 2014 november 2014 october 2014 september 2014 august 2014 july 2014 june 2014 may 2014 april 2014 tags academia africa ali khamenei america amish anticolonialism art atomization benedict anderson benjamin franklin bureaucracy capitalism cathedral china christian smith cia cold war colonialism communism conquest s second law critical theory culture culture of politics culture wars cyclical history darren staloff deep state democracy demography diversity economics election 2016 exosemantics fdr fnords formalism frankfurt school hastings banda herbert marcuse history immigration iran islam linguistics malawi marxism massachusetts mass immigration media mencius mencius moldbug music narratives nationalism netherlands peggy dennis pillarization politics primitivism progressivism puritanism rationality russia school system secession seth roberts sino tibetan sociology status sweden technology thede dynamics todo usonia xia jisong meta 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