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description=Political Co-Dependency Intervention;

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2009 gabriel benson mclean s and queen victoria parsons mclean s twin great great great granddaughters ayana rip and aliyah allen my niece diana allen s daughters circa 2005 this almost exact face where ever it originated seems to have skipped a generation on the left my nephew david anthony allen jr my brother s son circa 2010 and on the right my uncle andrew louis lonesome jr rip my mother s brother circa 1952 gabriel benson mclean and queen victoria parsons great great grandson and grandson grandpa louis andrew lonesome sr rip born a fitchett or ficklin raised by the lonesome family of caroline county va who were white pictured circa 1930 while charting my ethnic identity doing so especially for my children and the other young people in my family the complexity of relationships i have uncovered created a desire in me to learn even more about myself and american history as i offer this last chapter i also highly recommend this type of exercise in discovery as it is both cathartic and has added rich context to my being identified as black in america the only thing that really concerns me about the label black is that is has no specifically distinguishable cultural grounding and can be viewed as little more than a freight label on august 31 1619 virginia colonist and its first tobacco baron john rolfe also famous for marrying native american princess pocahontas bought the first recorded enslaved africans sold in america trading food and supplies for them with dutch slavers at point comfort jamestown va really close to my hometown of norfolk virginia rolfe described them in his journal which by the way is available for viewing as negars from the latin root for the word black there came in a dutch man of war that sold us twenty negars he wrote documenting the amorphous but culture stripping label which overtime morphed into the n word what a can worms he opened applying the freight label black effectively de ethnocized those nigerians or sierra leoneans or whatever they were and there were and are various intact west and central african cultures before they became trade commodities to rolfe the dutch slavers and the english who took over the slave trade from the dutch through the enactment of various navigation acts which restricted the use of foreign shipping lines beginning in 1651 they were just blacks and cataloged as property so black is really just too generic a label for me to strongly identify with but it does not really bother me to be referred to as such if someone insists on labeling me i guess i prefer african american but heaven only knows what that means in the context of american history when i was child we were called negro or colored colored is on my 1956 vintage virginia issued birth certificate as per the virginia racial integrity act of 1924 which divided virginia society into two classifications white and colored to be recorded at birth the law also codified the illegality of interracial marriage and additionally frustrated the land claim rights of native americans who with the official colored designation were unable to prove their titling rights to lands historically deeded to their ethnic groups it stayed on the books until 1967 when it was overturned by the us supreme court in loving v virginia that s an interesting story check out the background on that sometime at one point in the not to distant past to be called black even within the black community was almost as offensive as being called the n word believe it or not and was usually not a good formula for establishing warm and fuzzy relationships i occasionally hear some of today s journalists perhaps out of blissful ignorance using the phrase the pot calling the kettle black you never hear anyone say the chalk calling the rice white there is no negative cultural connotation in that assertion as there has fundamentally been in america about idea of being black i think it s great that in the last few decades the negative connotation of being designated black in america has mostly been erased but boiling down a people to a shade does not inform you who they are historically or pinpoint where they come from any more than negars tells us anything of substance about the people whom rolfe bought by the 1660 s virginia and maryland began establishing legal distinctions between the races instituting lifetime slavery requirements quashing indentured servitude and codifying the generational inheritance of slaves unlike the slavery institutions for example in brazil cuba and haiti the american chattel slavery institution sought to erase the ethnic identities of the enslaved africans and their succeeding generations and disconnected them from their tribal roots religion and languages save the african idioms and rhythms preserved through music and often expressed in a faith based context with other notable exceptions being the so called gullah people of south carolina and georgia and many africans enslaved in french dominated louisiana who more than any other groups held onto more of their african cultural identities most descendants of formerly enslaved africans in america are deemed black and know vaguely that they are in some measure descended from some unknown african tribe the american negro who emerged from slavery was often a unique hybrid of ethnicities no longer tribally connected to africa and largely marginalized in american society most were uneducated or under educated unconnected unacknowledged by their slave master biological fathers where applicable unorganized unwanted abruptly unshackled from an inhuman existence and unquestionably and an unrequited co builder of america in his 30 plus year church ministry my father rev james o allen sr always emphasized the importance of placing the spiritual concepts and precepts of the hebrew and christian bibles into the proper hermeneutical contexts attendant to the characters or scenarios being studied he also stressed to me the importance of knowing where you come from as i have outlined in previous chapters that i am able trace my roots on my father s maternal side to sierra leone and on father s paternal side to sussex essex england is rare among african americans similarly i can trace the roots of my mother s mother born ruth estelle mclean back to the late 1700 s and early 1800 s my 3x great grandfather boston brown a slave born around 1824 and my 3x great grandmother olive butts a slave born in 1830 both from what was then known as norfolk county va were married in 1850 soon after that marriage my 3x great grandmother olive had a son by preston cooper her white owner she named that child preston lottie cooper and through him we share a common ancestor with a certain branch of the cooper family of virginia beach va there are records indicating the cooper family came to virginia from england beginning in 1618 and there were four notable cooper family landings in virginia in the 1700 s also in he late 1700 s the children of another of my ancestors my enslaved 4x great grandmother whose name i have yet to uncover were split between the parsons plantation and the lamb plantation in princess anne county va now called virginia beach thus the lamb and parsons families of what was then known as the seatack area of virginia beach are in fact one family one of those enslaved siblings sandy parsons was my 3x great grandfather he married my 3x great grandmother margaret fulford parsons and in 1844 they had a son my 3x great grandfather wilson nero parsons also in 1844 abraham lincoln as a presidential elector campaigned for henry clay who made the speaker of the us house of representatives the position of great political power it is today clay later helped establish and became president of the american colonization society a group that wanted to send freed negro slaves to africa and that founded monrovia and liberia in africa for that purpose in 1844 the first electrical telegram was sent via telegraph wire from washington dc to baltimore md and james knox polk was elected president of the united states on a platform of annexing texas into the union as a slave state clay and lincoln opposed the annexing of texas for fear of opening up the american west to slavery in 1852 my aforementioned 3x great grandmother olive butts brown of the cooper plantation in virginia and my 3x great grandfather boston brown had a daughter they named sarah brown who was my 2x great grandmother my 2x great grandfather wilson grew into manhood as a slave during the height of the abolitionist movement and the civil war 1861 1865 he gained his freedom during lincoln s presidency the emancipation proclamation was issued on january 1 1863 lincoln was assassinated five days after the war ended on april 14 1865 in 1869 during the reconstruction period 1865 1877 my 2x great grand mother sarah brown married my 2x great grandfather wilson nero parsons they had 10 children including a daughter queen victoria parsons my great grandmother in the early 1900 s my great grandmother queen victoria married a methodist preacher called gabriel benson mclean my great grandfather note queen victoria s sister sarah ann rebecca parsons graduated from hampton institute now hampton university in 1902 and is credited with founding the first schools for negroes in seatack va now called virginia beach in 1908 a pioneer like her great aunt sarah ann rebecca parsons my mother dr ruby cleopatra lonesome allen in 1953 became the first black music teacher in virginia beach city public schools history and in the 60 s the first black middle school teacher in that system mom earned her doctorate in music arts from shenandoah conservatory in winchester va in 2012 at age 79 in 1910 madam cj walker born sarah breedlove moved her central hair care products operations from pittsburgh pa to indianapolis in then the country s largest manufacturing base and birthplace of the resurgent kkk to utilize that city s access to eight major railway systems as a result she became america s first colored female millionaire 1911 was the year pancho villa stepped down as commander of the mexican revolution and gone with the wind s i don t know nuthin bout birthin no babies star thelma butterfly mcqueen was born by the way by 1947 mcqueen had grown tired of the ethnic stereotypes she was required to play and thus ended her film career on june 11 1911 marcus garvey founded the universal negro improvement association meanwhile my great grandparents rev gabriel benson and queen victoria parsons mclean became the parents of two sons and two sets of twin girls including on july 20 1911 twins ruth estelle mclean and ruby dahlia mclean note two of my brother s david anthony allen sr daughters diana and dana had sets of twins a third daughter ariana is still a minor ruth estelle mclean was my mother s mother my grandma ruth over her lifetime my grandma ruth was a church organist deaconess usher a domestic for the taggert family of wayne pa governess for the lichtenstein family of virginia beach va a license practical nurse and the first african american female matron for women in the virginia beach department of corrections until she was forced off the road in her car and injured twice reportedly by her white colleagues she was a democratic party organizer lifetime naacp member recipient of virginia beach mayor s first citizen award member of the daisy chain social and savings and charity club rhoda court 2 heroines of jericho arabia court 23 daughter of isis a e a o n m s portsmouth va evening light chapter 48 order of the eastern star prince hall affiliate va beach pioneer temple 1124 order of elks va beach va cat lover princess avid gardener and as you might imagine all around social butterfly whew grandma ruth married my grandfather louis andrew lonesome sr born a ficklen or fitchett who was adopted and raised by the white lonesome family of caroline county va they had a son louis andrew bubbie lonesome jr rip but preceding him on june 4 1932 they had a daughter ruby cleopatra lonesome my mother who grew up to be a pioneering music educator and who on december 26 1953 married my father radio broadcasting pioneer and pastor rev james oliver allen sr rip they had two sons james o jimmy allen jr yours truly born january 18 1956 and david anthony allen sr born september 29 1961 grandpa louis also for a time worked for the taggert family of wayne pa as their butler and chauffeur he died of spinal meningitis serving in the us army in west africa and was transported back to a us army base in new jersey in a sealed coffin the family assumed he was in it and buried him later in life grandma ruth married retired navy chief petty officer nathaniel kates rip a kosher chef and died in 2006 at age 95 her twin sister ruby an educator for whom my mother was named and modeled her career preceded her in death by about 3 years it was through this process of familial discovery that i found out i had a great grandfather and a 3x great grandfather named boston on my father s and mother s sides of my family respectively thinking about them reminded me of my first trip to boston ma to meet my former colleagues and staffers from the america institute of physics at an annual physics conference i was bumped up to first class and flew into boston via san francisco on virgin air coming from making my semi annual presentation to the american physical society committee to inform the public convened in los angeles ca as we circled in over the atlantic ocean toward the boston coastline i got all choked up thinking of how different my first trip and view of the boston shore was from my 4x great grandpa cicero s aka john williams who was cited in an earlier chapter on my dad s mother s side of the family he was enslaved in sierra leone west africa landing boston in the belly of a slave ship in the late 1700 s before eventually earning enough money to buy back his freedom as the jet descended my emotions shifted i managed a smile and paid silent homage to the old african because through him and all of my ancestors slave and free african european and native american such as my 4x great grandmother priscilla williams a nantucket island ma native american cicero s wife and 3x great grandma rosa allen sr a cherokee from fayetteville nc both cited in earlier chapters and through amazing grace i am here to share what i can of their stories with my family and others i also feel more of a sense of urgency to do my best to ensure that their lives prayers and struggles were not in vain even my white 4x great grandfather christmas of warrenton nc on my father s father s side who owned my 4x great grandmother sallie christmas curtis on his plantation is in my prayers just because he owned my 4x great grandmother makes him no less my 4x great grandfather one last story about ethnic identity in 1980 while on vacation from my first radio job out of college at wfog fm wlpm am in suffolk va desperately looking for the next break scra...