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openuct home english čeština deutsch español français gàidhlig latviešu magyar nederlands português português do brasil suomi svenska türkçe қазақ বাংলা हिंदी ελληνικά log in log in with uct account communities collections browse openuct statistics english čeština deutsch español français gàidhlig latviešu magyar nederlands português português do brasil suomi svenska türkçe қазақ বাংলা हिंदी ελληνικά log in log in with uct account all of openuct search openuct is the open access institutional repository of the university of cape town uct it preserves and makes uct scholarly outputs digitally and freely available including theses and dissertations journal articles book chapters technical and research reports as well as open educational resources research output view collections theses dissertations view collections open educational resources view collections other publications view collections recent submissions no thumbnail available item open access design modelling and prototyping of a coaxial variable tilt multicopter 2026 hasewinkel guy pretorius arnold show more conventional multirotor aerial vehicles mravs are commonly underactuated platforms where the number of independent control inputs is less than the number of degrees of freedom of the system resulting in the platform s inability to accelerate in any arbitrary direction these constraints limit the manoeuvrability and dexterity of the mrav and can result in inefficient flight characteristics depending on the use case in this master s dissertation a coaxial variable tilt octocopter will be developed to address the above mentioned challenges facing conventional mravs variable tilt refers to independently adjusting the rotation axis of each of the propeller blades in other words the motor and propeller units around a single axis perpendicular to each arm in one degree of freedom although more mechanically complex this variable tilt feature has the potential to increase the rate at which thrust is produced in specific directions thrust vectoring allowing for greatly improved manoeuvrability the increased control degrees of freedom result in an over actuated system thereby improving the dexterity of the mrav and allowing for the possibility of arbitrary accelerations in six dimensional space as well as fault tolerance as a result of actuator redundancy an additional means of producing further thrust while maintaining the same vehicle footprint and fundamental morphology is to implement the motor and propeller unit in coaxial configuration again while more mechanically complex this coaxial feature has the potential to greatly increase the thrust that is produced with relatively minimal mass gain allowing for improved performance greater payload capacity and fault tolerance the proposed combination has the potential to vastly improve aerial navigation inspection and human less intervention capabilities resulting in a theoretically highly manoeuvrable and dexterous uav in addition this research project investigates methods to perform system identification of the uav s propulsion system to that end a multirotor performance measurement test platform was developed which can be used to measure the principal performance characteristics of multirotor propulsion systems the test platform is designed to be low cost open source and applicable for small to medium scale multirotor propulsion systems data from the test platform is used to generate static and dynamic models of the propulsion system these models can be used to validate conceptual multirotor designs and can be incorporated into control synthesis schemes thereby helping to improve the uav s performance show more no thumbnail available item open access autonomous anomaly detection of individual tree crown delineations 2026 baleni edward marais patrick er sebnem show more individual tree crown detection and delineation itcd algorithms extract the boundaries of individual tree crowns from images state of the art machine learning techniques segment crowns using drones and multispectral sensors farmers use this emerging technology to help improve crop yields reduce resource inputs and improve management approaches ultimately enhancing agricultural sustainability however itcd methods often fail to delineate all tree boundaries accurately poorly estimated delineations significantly limit the efficiency of monitoring and management strategies within orchards this work proposes a new processing pipeline to detect three commonly occurring anomalous delineations i undersegmentation ii over segmentation and iii false positives a hand crafted feature set comprising coarse shape descriptors haralick features and spectral indices are extracted from orchard imagery to accomplish this furthermore a novel approach was developed based on local geary s c statistic in a multivariate context gbod leveraging physical neighbourhoods to identify contextual outlierness this method was evaluated using average precision and auc roc performance measures against unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms including isolation forest iforest angle based outlier detection abod empirical cumulative distribution based outlier detection ecod local outlier factor lof and pca based anomaly detection pca finally a meta learner is trained to automate anomaly detection in new orchards results show that local outlier detection methods effectively capture over segmentation in contrast global outlier detection methods better capture under segmentation and false positives and fare well in general cases where multiple anomaly types are present overall abod iforest and pca are the top models for detecting poor delineations average auc scores 0 97 0 964 and 0 962 respectively gbod gave less consistent results average auc score 0 943 nevertheless it identified problematic regions while attributing outlierness a capability none of the top three possess this work successfully demonstrates automatic model selection and anomaly detection for out of sample delineations a notoriously problematic task due to lacking of reference data show more no thumbnail available item open access the relationship between the zener hollomon parameter and transfer strip creep in hot rolled aa3104 2025 borrageiro roberto goerge sarah show more excessive sagging has been experienced in aa3104 transfer bar after hot rough rolling during transport between the hot roughing and finishing mills this sagging has resulted in bottom scuffing and surface defects as a result of localised contact between the slab and the roller table this creep of the material is caused by excessive recrystallisation in the microstructure of the material as a result of the deformation parameters used during hot rough rolling the presented research aims to assess the mechanical response of the material at varying deformation parameters and to verify their link to the resulting creep experienced by the material the effects of hot rough rolling and in situ creep will be simulated with plane strain compression tests performed on a gleeble 3800 and the resulting test data will be linked with the deformation parameters through the use of the zener hollomon equation the level of recrystallisation experienced by a material is heavily impacted by the parame ters at which the material was deformed recrystallisation is driven by the energy stored in the material as a result of deformation processes it has been found that materials deformed at higher strain rates ϵ possess increased levels of strain accumulation and therefore experience elevated levels of recrystallisation when exposed to temperatures t greater than 50 of the materials absolute melting temperature however it has also been determined that recrystallisation can be minimised if the material is deformed at low strain rates and low temperatures 36 the objectives of this research are to use the simulated hot rolling and in situ creep data acquired from the gleeble to determine threshold values for z and the deformation parameters that will result in material slabs which possess a resistance to creep plane strain compression tests were performed on a gleeble 3800 at deformation strain rates and temperatures in the range of ϵ 1 21s 1 and t 420 500 c to assess the effects varied parameters had on the creep experienced by the slabs as well as the level of recrystallisation produced in the resulting microstructure of the material the effects of strain rate and temperature during hot deformation were represented by zener hollomon as well as arrhenius type values these values were compared with the creep strain experienced by samples to identify a threshold value for z above which creep was minimised a series of micrographs were acquired to assess the level of recrystallisation experienced by samples deformed at certain parameters the results from these micrographs were compared with the creep results to highlight the relationship between the deformation parameters and the resulting recrystallisation and creep experienced by the material tests performed at deformation parameters which resulted in z 1e14 or ln z 32 were found to experience less recrystallisation and hence were more resistant to creep it was also found that samples deformed at t 450 c experienced significantly more creep than samples that were deformed at t 450 c in both temperature ranges higher ϵ values commonly resulted in samples experiencing more recrystallisation and this was heavily accentuated at t 450 c the threshold values required for creating a creep resistant slab of aa3104 during hot rough rolling are z 1e14 ln z 32 and t 450 c materials deformed at parameters resulting in z 1e14 or ln z 32 will result in a creep resistant slab of material if the deformation temperature t 450 c however increased values for strain rate ϵ will still result in more recrystallisation being experienced by the material even at t 450 c therefore higher ϵ should be avoided where possible show more no thumbnail available item open access pacing patterns of female runners in the comrades marathon down run a retrospective descriptive research design 2026 preen tessa joan bosch andrew show more appropriate pacing is considered optimal for successful endurance performance casado et al 2021a the comrades marathon has been subject to multiple studies boulter et al 2011 coetzee et al 2022 hagemann et al 2008 nikolaidis and knechtle 2019 woyo and nyamandi 2022 however there are currently no published studies on the pacing patterns used by runners in the comrades marathon aims this study aimed to determine the pacing patterns of the fastest through to the slowest female runners in the comrades marathon down run between the years 2016 and 2023 this will be conducted by analysing the pacing patterns to determine if the pacing patterns differ between runners of different abilities and to determine how their pace changes between different sections of the race methods results of all the female finishers of the comrades marathon who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were combined into a single spreadsheet the data was separated into four groups based on time from fastest to slowest race pace was analysed using a generalised linear mixed effects model glmm to determine any statistically significant differences pairwise comparisons and post hoc tests utilizing the bonferroni method were then used to determine which average paces demonstrated statistically significant differences p 0 05 results 7818 results were analysed the mean race time for all female participants was 10 40 57 hh mm ss the faster runners group a showed the least variable pacing pattern while the slowest runners group d showed the most variable pacing pattern the pacing pattern used was variable with runners showing decreased pace in segments 4 and 6 from the mean race pace conclusion the pacing patterns differ between runners of different abilities the greatest differences of average pace were seen in the first 30km where the slower runners ran at significantly higher percentages of their average race pace it is evident that the course profile significantly affected the pacing selected by the participants all athletes had significant speed reductions in segments 4 and 6 show more no thumbnail available item open access ecopsychology in south africa public perceptions and professional applications of nature based therapy in the western cape 2026 pienaar andrea spedding maxine pileggi lea ann show more ecotherapy a form of nature based therapy rooted in ecopsychology is increasingly recognised for its mental health benefits however little is known about its application within the south african mental health system this study sought to answer the question what place could nature based therapies have in the south african mental health landscape using a mixed methods approach this study explored the perspectives of two groups licensed mental health professionals who offer nature based therapies and members of the public who might use them the first phase involved semi structured interviews with seven mental health professionals analysed using braun and clarke s 2006 reflexive thematic analysis supplemented with their more recent guidance on good practice braun clarke 2019 2023 in the second phase the study examined public knowledge and interest in nature based therapy by collecting survey data from 922 western cape residents the data were analysed using a combination of content analysis and statistical methods including descriptive statistics and inferential tests such as chi squared and mann whitney u tests findings indicated that at the time of writing nature based therapies were not widely practised in south africa few practitioners met the inclusion criteria and the majority of respondents had not previously participated in nature based interventions however despite low public awareness there appears to be high interest in engaging with ecotherapy while ecotherapy remains in its early stages of development the findings suggest potential for its expansion within the south african mental health landscape the findings highlight a need for further development of the research base practitioner training and formalisation of ecotherapy practices to support its growth in the south african mental health field show more load more contact us jill claassen manager scholarly communication publishing email openuct uct ac za 27 0 21 650 1263 open access uct openuct libguide open access policy open scholarship at uct openuct faqs uct publishing platforms uct open access journals uct open access monographs uct press open access books zivahub open data uct site usage cookie settings privacy policy end user agreement send feedback dspace software copyright 2002 2026 lyrasis