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l file appendices 54 bird p and z liu 2007 seismic hazard inferred from tectonics california seismol res lett 78 1 37 48 53 bird p z ben avraham g schubert m andreoli and g viola 2006 patterns of stress and strain rate in southern africa j geophys res 111 b8 b08402 14 pages doi 10 1029 2005jb003882 52 liu z and p bird 2006 two dimensional and three dimensional finite element modelling of mantle processes beneath central south island new zealand geophys j int 165 1003 1028 51 bird p and y y kagan 2004 plate tectonic analysis of shallow seismicity apparent boundary width beta corner magnitude coupled lithosphere thickness and coupling in seven tectonic settings bull seismol soc am 94 6 2380 2399 plus electronic supplement 50 bird p 2003 an updated digital model of plate boundaries geochemistry geophysics geosystems 4 3 1027 doi 10 1029 2001gc000252 49 liu z and p bird 2002 b north america plate is driven westward by lower mantle flow geophys res lett 29 24 2164 doi 10 1029 2002gl016002 48 liu z and p bird 2002 a finite element modeling of neotectonics in new zealand j geophys res 107 b12 2328 doi 10 1029 2001jb001075 47 negredo a m p bird c sanz de galdeano and e buforn 2002 neotectonic modeling of the ibero maghrebian region j geophys res 107 b11 2292 doi 10 1029 2001jb000743 46 bird p y y kagan and d d jackson 2002 plate tectonics and earthquake potential of spreading ridges and oceanic transform faults in s stein and j t freymueller editors plate boundary zones geodynamics series 30 203 218 am geophys u washington dc 45 bird p 2002 stress direction history of the western united states and mexico since 85 ma tectonics 21 3 doi 10 1029 2001tc001319 a55 sato k and p bird 2002 numerical modeling of neotectonics of japan with shells abstract eos transactions of the american geophysical union western pacific geophysics meeting supplement se22a 03 aj2 sato k and p bird 2001 numerical modeling of the neotectonics of japan 2 abstract in japanese programme and abstracts the seismological society of japan 2001 fall meeting b70 aj1 sato k and p bird 2000 numerical modeling of the neotectonics of japan 1 abstract in japanese programme and abstracts the seismological society of japan 2000 fall meeting c51 44 jimenez munt i m fernandez m torne and p bird 2001 the transition from linear to diffuse plate boundary in the azores gibraltar region results from a thin sheet model earth planet sci lett 192 175 189 43 jimenez munt i p bird and m fernandez 2001 thin shell modeling of neotectonics in the azores gibraltar region geophys res lett 28 6 p 1083 1086 42 bird p and z liu 1999 global finite element model makes a small contribution to intraplate seismic hazard estimation bull seismol soc am 89 6 1642 1647 41 bird p 1999 thin plate and thin shell finite element programs for forward dynamic modeling of plate deformation and faulting computers geosciences 25 4 383 394 40 bird p 1998 b kinematic history of the laramide orogeny in latitudes 35 49 n western united states tectonics 17 780 801 39 bird p 1998 a testing hypotheses on plate driving mechanisms with global lithosphere models including topography thermal structure and faults j geophys res 103 b5 10 115 10 129 38 kong x and p bird 1996 neotectonics of asia thin shell finite element models with faults in an yin and t m harrison editors the tectonic evolution of asia cambridge university press 18 34 37 bird p 1996 computer simulations of alaskan neotectonics tectonics 15 225 236 36 bird p and y li 1996 interpolation of principal stress directions by nonparametric statistics global maps with confidence limits j geophys res 101 5435 5443 35 kong x and p bird 1995 shells a thin shell program for modeling neotectonics of regional or global lithosphere with faults j geophys res 100 22 129 22 131 33 bird p 1995 lithosphere dynamics and continental deformation rev geophys supplement u s national report to iugg 1991 94 379 383 32 bird p 1994 isotopic evidence for preservation of cordilleran lithospheric mantle during the sevier laramide orogeny western united states comment geology 22 7 670 671 31 bird p and x kong 1994 computer simulations of california tectonics confirm very low strength of major faults geol soc am bull 106 2 159 174 30 gratz a j and p bird 1993 b quartz dissolution theory of rough and smooth surfaces geochimica et cosmochimica acta 57 977 989 29 gratz a j and p bird 1993 a quartz dissolution negative crystal experiments and a rate law geochimica et cosmochimica acta 57 965 976 a33 kemp d v and p bird 1992 bending and dynamic support of subducted slabs abstract eos trans agu 73 43 fall meeting suppl 386 28 bird p 1992 deformation and uplift of north america in the cenozoic era in k r billingsley h u brown iii and e derohanes eds scientific excellence in supercomputing the ibm 1990 contest prize papers baldwin press athens georgia 1 67 105 27 bird p 1991 lateral extrusion of lower crust from under high topography in the isostatic limit j geophys res 96 b6 10 275 10 286 26 gratz a j p bird and g b quiro 1990 dissolution of quartz in aqueous basic solution 106 236 c surface kinetics of perfect crystallographic faces geochimica et cosmochimica acta 54 2911 2922 a29 bird p and d r williams 1990 lack of lateral extrusion on venus limits thickness of the crust abstract eos 71 1423 25 bird p and a j gratz 1990 a theory for buckling of the mantle lithosphere and moho during compressive detachments in continents tectonophysics 177 325 336 24 bird p 1989 new finite element techniques for modeling deformation histories of continents with stratified temperature dependent rheologies j geophys res 94 b4 3967 3990 22 bird p 1988 formation of the rocky mountains western united states a continuum computer model science 239 1501 1507 21 bird p 1986 tectonics of the terrestrial planets in m g kivelson ed the solar system observations and interpretations rubey volume 4 prentice hall englewood cliffs new jersey 176 206 20 bird p 1984 b laramide crustal thickening event in the rocky mountain foreland and great plains tectonics 3 741 758 18 bird p 1984 a hydration phase diagrams and friction of montmorillonite under laboratory and geologic conditions with implications for shale compaction slope stability and strength of fault gouge tectonophysics 107 235 260 17 bird p and j baumgardner 1984 fault friction regional stress and crust mantle coupling in southern california from finite element models j geophys res 89 1932 1944 16 bird p and r rosenstock 1984 kinematics of present crust and mantle flow in southern california geol soc am bull 95 946 957 a15 bird p and j baumgardner 1983 3 d finite element modeling of the earth s free oscillations abstract eos 64 754 14 bird p 1982 reply re initiation of intracontinental subduction in the himalaya j geophys res 86 9323 9324 13 bird p and j baumgardner 1981 steady propagation of delamination events j geophys res 86 4891 4903 12 bird p and k piper 1980 plane stress finite element models of tectonic flow in southern california phys earth planet int 21 158 175 11 bird p 1979 continental delamination and the colorado plateau j geophys res 84 7561 7571 10 bird p and d a yuen 1979 the use of the minimum dissipation principle in tectonophysics earth planet sci lett 45 214 217 9 bird p 1978 b finite element modeling of lithosphere deformation the zagros collision orogeny tectonophysics 50 307 336 8 bird p 1978 c stress and temperature in subduction shear zones tonga and mariana geophys j r astron soc 55 411 434 7 bird p 1978 a initiation of intracontinental subduction in the himalaya j geophys res 83 4975 4987 6 toksoz m n and p bird 1977 formation and evolution of marginal basins and continental plateaus in m talwani and w c pitman iii ed island arcs deep sea trenches and back arc basins maurice ewing series 1 am geophys union washington 379 394 5 toksoz m n and p bird 1977 modeling of temperatures in continental convergence zones tectonophysics 41 181 193 4 bird p and m n toksoz 1977 strong attenuation of rayleigh waves in tibet nature 266 161 163 3 bird p 1976 thermal and mechanical evolution of continental convergence zones zagros and himalaya ph d dissertation massachusetts institute of technology cambridge ma 423 pages 12 mb pdf file 2 bird p m n toksoz and n h sleep 1975 thermal and mechanical models of continent continent convergence zones j geophys res 80 4405 4416 1 bird p and j d phillips 1975 oblique spreading near the oceanographer fracture j geophys res 80 4021 4027 library of finite element codes for geologic modeling click to enlarge i maintain a set of free downloadable files which includes 3 major thin shell finite element programs shells neokinema restore that may be useful to geologists geophysicists and tectonophysicists associated map plotting programs and other utilities for preparing inputs and scoring outputs are included there are also tools for using tectonic models to compute either regional or global forecasts of long term shallow seismicity which is the basis of most estimations of long term seismic hazard in previous years these files were offered from an ftp server at the url of ftp element ess ucla edu however in 2007 this material was moved to the present web site at url of http peterbird name where ftp service is not available unfortunately this new way of serving files has a major disadvantage the current http server microsoft iis 6 will only serve files whose names include a known extension the list of known extensions is rather short those relevant on this web site are ai bas bin doc exe gif jpg mid mp3 pdf txt xls zip the server does not recognize many other long standing extensions found on files that i wish to serve to you such as bat bi for f90 mak nwc qlb sib naturally it does not recognize the filename extensions that i have created within my own suite of programs bcs dat dig eqc feg gps grd in mod out in every case my work around has been to add an extra txt extension e g slippery f90 becomes slippery f90 txt which will allow you to view the fortran 90 code as text and download it as text in all cases where you download files with two extensions the second extension of txt should be removed by renaming the file immediately after downloading otherwise the filenames will not match those in my documentation files now there are three alternate ways to access these files 1 download my whole archive of freeware in all_bird_freeware zip un zip this into a new folder on your own computer note windows 7 can extract all for you you won t need any utility program then browse through it and discard whatever you don t want 2 download essentially the same archive from a fair site at bird p 2025 kinematic and dynamic modeling of lithosphere deformation tools and results a fair archive of 1465 files totaling 900 mb at datadryad org doi https doi org 10 5061 dryad cnp5hqcjb un zip this into a new folder on your own computer note windows 7 can extract all for you you won t need any utility program then browse through it and discard whatever you don t want bear in mind that datadryad org and this doi may have longer lifetimes than http peterbird name 3 enter the tree of folders at http peterbird name oldftp and navigate to the file s you want download each file that you want individually in windows internet explorer you would right click on a file and select save target as there is no way to download an entire folder with one command but see method 1 above for an overview outline of the available files see bird_freeware_read_me txt which is plain ascii text the codes that you can obtain here are mostly in fortran90 f90 files except for some legacy versions and older utilities in fortran77 for files treat all of these source code files as ascii text you could compile them yourself for computer systems other than windows such as unix linux or macos if you wish for most codes that are still in use i also provide executable exe file versions download these files as binary data and either run them on a windows computer or within a windows emulator environment on linux or mac because there are now both 32 bit and 64 bit versions of windows and because some users are interested in fast parallel processing as opposed to slower but simpler sequential processing i am gradually shifting the naming convention of my executable exe files to include one of 4 suffixes win32seq exe 32 bit windows sequential processing win32par exe 32 bit windows parallel processing win64seq exe 64 bit windows sequential processing win64par exe 64 bit windows parallel processing if you wish to try one of the parallel versions then please first look into my folder required_libiomp5md dll_file for some necessary set up steps if you want to know what these programs do and how they differ a good starting point is my review paper bird p 1999 thin plate and thin shell finite element programs for forward dynamic modeling of plate deformation and faulting computers geosciences 25 4 383 394 most f e modeling projects using any of my 3 modern spherical planet programs will begin by creating a f e grid feg file with my interactive program orbwin therefore i have provided an on line manual within orbwin which includes brief introductions to all of my grid preparation codes f e model applications and f e post processing mapping scoring programs thus this manual is suggested reading for new users important two on line guides to 1 dynamic neotectonic modeling with shells and 2 kinematic neotectonic modeling with neokinema and for dessert geologic pictures from iceland a map of middle earth fresh choral music online random thoughts if you are looking for the lost frontier talk to us many of us are descended from pioneers maybe from those early humans who migrated out of africa or the ones who chose to come settle in the new world or maybe we just left our relatives on the east coast and moved to california it s no surprise that we feel unsatisfied in a modern world that often seems completely fenced civilized and full of people a national park experience is nice but after you wait 6 months for a reservation and read the two pages of rules it doesn t seem very wild here in earth planetary space sciences we know some routes back to the edge of the unknown we could set you up with a mapping project in the deserts of asia south america or mexico we cold train you to design and operate satellites that map the other planets and moons of our solar system or we could teach you how with a little tectonics some stratigraphy and some paleobiology you can travel the most crowded landscapes and see them as they were in the cretaceous there s a lot of elbow room along the fourth axis of space time science is the ultimate mmorpg mmorpg massively multiplayer online role playing game like everquest or world of warcraft it s online because that s where we search for literature read e journals browse each others web pages and download each others data sets it s role playing because we must pretend to...