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ngan insyaallah tangan tidak gatal lagi seperkara lagi semasa menyiang keladi iaitu semasa menanggalkan kulit nipis dibahagian luarnya janganlah batang keladi direndam dengan air setelah siap kesemuanya barulah dibasuh bersih dan masukkan bersama beberapa keping asam gelugur jika masih terdapat kegatalan penawar resdung petua yang paling mudah dan berkesan ialah dengan mengamalkan menyedut air ke dalam hidung seperti sebelum kita ber wuduk kemudian picit sebelah hidung dan hembuskan sekuat hati buatlah berulang ulang kali sehingga selesai kedua duanya selepas itu basuhlah muka dengan bersih lakukan ini setiap kali setelah sampai ke satu satu destinasi baik ke pejabat bersantai beriadah atau pulang ke rumah malah ke mana saja kesannya sungguh menakjubkan mengatasi semut masuk dalam telinga kadang kadang ada antara anak anda atau anak anak jiran yang telinganya dimasuki oleh serangga seperti semut yang sukar untuk dikeluarkan biasanya keadaan ini berlaku apabila bangun dari tidur ataupun suka bermain disemak semak khususnya pada anak lelaki mengeluarkan semut tersebut memang satu perkara yang paling menyulitkan sekali semakin dicungkil untuk dikeluarkan semakin dalam masuknya dan makin menyakitkan sebenarnya ada satu cara yang paling baik untuk dilakukan biasanya dilakukan oleh kebanyakan orang tua tua apa yang perlu anda lakukan ialah dengan mengambil kapur sirih sebaik baiknya yang lembut yang telah banyak terendam dengan air sapukanlah kapur sirih tadi pada sekeliling telinga anak anda bahagian luar telinganya sahaja biarkan seketika pasti semutnya akan keluar dengan sendirinya inilah dia petua orang tua tua posted by rohaidahmd at 5 01 am no comments doa akhir tahun segala puji hanya bagi allah tuhan yang memelihara dan mentadbir sekalian alam selawat dan salam ke atas junjungan kami nabi muhammad s a w serta ahli keluarga baginda dan para sahabatnya ya allah sesungguhnya pada tahun ini aku telah melakukan laranganmu tetapi aku masih belum bertaubat sedangkan engkau tidak reda dan melupai perkara itu engkau telah menangguhkan azabmu yang telah ditetapkan kepadaku engkau telah memerintahkan supaya aku bertaubat dari kesalahan itu sesungguhnya pada hari ini aku memohon keampunan darimu ampunilah aku dan apa yang telah aku lakukan pada tahun ini yang engkau redai dan engkau janjikan pahala maka aku memohonnya daripada engkau ya allah ya karim ya zaljalali wal ikram selawat dan salam ke atas junjungan kami nabi muhammad s a w serta ahli keluarga baginda dan para sahabatnya segala puji hanya bagi allah tuhan yang memelihara dan mentadbir sekalian alam amin sesiapa yang membaca doa ini maka akan berkata syaitan kesusahan bagiku dan sia sialah pekerjaanku menggoda anak adam pada tahun ini dan allah akan membinasakan aku pada saat itu juga dengan membaca doa ini allah akan mengampunkan dosanya setahun doa awal tahun hijrah segala puji bagi allah tuhan yang memelihara dan mentadbir sekalian alam selawat dan salam ke atas junjungan kami nabi muhammad s a w serta ahli keluarga baginda dan para sahabatnya ya allah engkaulah yang kekal abadi untuk selama lamanya demi kelebihanmu yang maha agong dan kemurahanmu yang melimpah sesungguhnya pada tahun ini aku memohon kepadamu perlindungan daripada syaitan yang direjam dari sekalian kuncunya tenteranya dan penolongnya aku juga memohon perlindungan daripada nafsu amarah yang sentiasa mendorong ke arah kejahatan dan melalaikan dengan perkara yang tidak berfaedah daripada mendekatkan diriku kepadamu selawat serta salam ke atas junjungan kami nabi muhammad s a w serta ahli keluarga baginda dan para sahabatnya segala puji hanya bagi allah tuhan yang memelihara dan mentadbir sekalian alam amin sesiapa yang membaca doa ini maka akan berkata syaitan telah amanlah anak adam daripada godaanku pada tahun ini kerana allah telah mewakilkan dua malaikat untuk memeliharanya dari fitnah syaitan posted by rohaidahmd at 4 55 am no comments still thoughts 1 the sunlight is bright our parents love is great a gentlemen s forbearance is strong and a person who lacks moral cultivation is arrogant 2 say good words have good thoughts and do good deeds 3 to forgive others is to be good to oneself 4 success is bringing into full play one s good points failure is the accumulation to one s weak points 5 do not underestimate yourself because everyone has boundless potential 6 palm facing down is to help people palm facing up is to ask for help helping brings happiness while begging brings pain 7 the more you do the more you gain the less you do the more you lose 8 be willing to do be happy to bear 9 always bear in mind the following virtues understanding forgiving gratitude contentment and treasuring one s blessing 10 to do whatever should be done is wisdom to do whatever should not be done is ignorance 11 if one has a bad temper and foul mouth then no matter how good one s heart is one is still not considered a good person 12 only when knowledge is truly contemplated and reflected upon can it become your own wisdom 13 love is not asking from others but is giving of oneself 14 our greatest enemy is not others but more likely ourselves 15 let us compete on who is more loving not on who is more feared 16 loitering away each day turns us into consumers of life only by working enthusiastically can we become creators of life 17 be mindful don t worry or fret posted by rohaidahmd at 4 52 am no comments shortbread cookies ingredients 2 cups butter softened 1 cup white sugar 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 4 cups all purpose flour directions preheat oven to 350 degrees f 180 degrees c cream butter and sugar until fluffy stir in vanilla add flour and mix well put through cookie press and form cookies onto baking sheets bake for 10 12 minutes posted by rohaidahmd at 4 46 am no comments labels cookies monday january 26 2009 it history a history of information technology and systems four basic periodscharacterized by a principal technology used to solve the input processing output and communication problems of the time 1 premechanical 2 mechanical 3 electromechanical and 4 electronic a the premechanical age 3000 b c 1450 a d 1 writing and alphabets communication 1 first humans communicated only through speaking and picture drawings 2 3000 b c the sumerians in mesopotamia what is today southern iraq devised cuniform 3 around 2000 b c phoenicians created symbols 4 the greeks later adopted the phoenician alphabet and added vowels the romans gave the letters latin names to create the alphabet we use today 2 paper and pens input technologies 1 sumerians input technology was a stylus that could scratch marks in wet clay 2 about 2600 b c the egyptians write on the papyrus plant 3 around 100 a d the chinese made paper from rags on which modern day papermaking is based 3 books and libraries permanent storage devices 1 religious leaders in mesopotamia kept the earliest books 2 the egyptians kept scrolls 3 around 600 b c the greeks began to fold sheets of papyrus vertically into leaves and bind them together 4 the first numbering systems 1 egyptian system the numbers 1 9 as vertical lines the number 10 as a u or circle the number 100 as a coiled rope and the number 1 000 as a lotus blossom 2 the first numbering systems similar to those in use today were invented between 100 and 200 a d by hindus in india who created a nine digit numbering system 3 around 875 a d the concept of zero was developed 5 the first calculators the abacus b the mechanical age 1450 1840 1 the first information explosion 1 johann gutenberg mainz germany invented the movable metal type printing process in 1450 2 the development of book indexes and the widespread use of page numbers 2 the first general purpose computers 1 actually people who held the job title computer one who works with numbers 3 slide rules the pascaline and leibniz s machine 1 slide rule early 1600s william oughtred an english clergyman invented the slide rule early example of an analog computer the pascaline invented by blaise pascal 1623 62 the pascaline front rear view diagram of interior one of the first mechanical computing machines around 1642 leibniz s machine gottfried wilhelm von leibniz 1646 1716 german mathematician and philosopher the reckoner reconstruction babbage s engines charles babbage 1792 1871 eccentric english mathematician the difference engine working model created in 1822 the method of differences the analytical engine joseph marie jacquard s loom designed during the 1830s parts remarkably similar to modern day computers the store the mill punch cards punch card idea picked up by babbage from joseph marie jacquard s 1752 1834 loom introduced in 1801 binary logic fixed program that would operate in real time augusta ada byron 1815 52 the first programmer c the electromechanical age 1840 1940 the discovery of ways to harness electricity was the key advance made during this period knowledge and information could now be converted into electrical impulses the beginnings of telecommunication 1 voltaic battery late 18th century 2 telegraph early 1800s 3 morse code developed in1835 by samuel morse 4 dots and dashes telephone and radio alexander graham bell 1876 2 followed by the discovery that electrical waves travel through space and can produce an effect far from the point at which they originated 3 these two events led to the invention of the radio guglielmo marconi 1894 2 electromechanical computing 1 herman hollerith and ibm herman hollerith 1860 1929 in 1880 census machine early punch cards punch card workers by 1890 the international business machines corporation ibm its first logo mark 1 paper tape stored data and program instructions howard aiken a ph d student at harvard university built the mark i completed january 1942 8 feet tall 51 feet long 2 feet thick weighed 5 tons used about 750 000 parts d the electronic age 1940 present 1 first tries early 1940s electronic vacuum tubes 2 eckert and mauchly the first high speed general purpose computer using vacuum tubes electronic numerical integrator and computer eniac the eniac team feb 14 1946 left to right j presper eckert jr john grist brainerd sam feltman herman h goldstine john w mauchly harold pender major general g l barnes colonel paul n gillon rear view note vacuum tubes 1 electronic numerical integrator and computer eniac 1 1946 2 used vacuum tubes not mechanical devices to do its calculations hence first electronic computer 3 developers john mauchly a physicist and j prosper eckert an electrical engineer the moore school of electrical engineering at the university of pennsylvania 4 funded by the u s army 5 but it could not store its programs its set of instructions the first stored program computer s the manchester university mark i prototype 1 early 1940s mauchly and eckert began to design the edvac the electronic discreet variable computer 2 john von neumann s influential report in june 1945 the report on the edvac 3 british scientists used this report and outpaced the americans 1 max newman headed up the effort at manchester university where the manchester mark i went into operation in june 1948 becoming the first stored program computer 2 maurice wilkes a british scientist at cambridge university completed the edsac electronic delay storage automatic calculator in 1949 two years before edvac was finished thus edsac became the first stored program computer in general use i e not a prototype the first general purpose computer for commercial use universal automatic computer univac univac publicity photo 1 late 1940s eckert and mauchly began the development of a computer called univac universal automatic computer 1 remington rand 2 first univac delivered to census bureau in 1951 2 but a machine called leo lyons electronic office went into action a few months before univac and became the world s first commercial computer 3 the four generations of digital computing the first generation 1951 1958 vacuum tubes as their main logic elements punch cards to input and externally store data rotating magnetic drums for internal storage of data and programs 1 programs written in 1 machine language 2 assembly language requires a compiler the second generation 1959 1963 1 vacuum tubes replaced by transistors as main logic element 1 at t s bell laboratories in the 1940s 2 crystalline mineral materials called semiconductors could be used in the design of a device called a transistor 2 magnetic tape and disks began to replace punched cards as external storage devices 3 magnetic cores very small donut shaped magnets that could be polarized in one of two directions to represent data strung on wire within the computer became the primary internal storage technology 1 high level programming languages e g fortran and cobol 1 the third generation 1964 1979 individual transistors were replaced by integrated circuits magnetic tape and disks completely replace punch cards as external storage devices magnetic core internal memories began to give way to a new form metal oxide semiconductor mos memory which like integrated circuits used silicon backed chips operating systems advanced programming languages like basic developed which is where bill gates and microsoft got their start in 1975 2 the fourth generation 1979 present large scale and very large scale integrated circuits lsis and vlsics microprocessors that contained memory logic and control circuits an entire cpu central processing unit on a single chip which allowed for home use personal computers or pcs like the apple ii and mac and ibm pc apple ii released to public in 1977 by stephen wozniak and steven jobs initially sold for 1 195 without a monitor had 16k ram first apple mac released in 1984 ibm pc introduced in 1981 debuts with ms dos microsoft disk operating system fourth generation language software products e g visicalc lotus 1 2 3 dbase microsoft word and many others graphical user interfaces gui for pcs arrive in early 1980s ms windows debuts in 1983 but is quite a clunker windows wouldn t take off until version 3 was released in 1990 apple s gui on the first mac debuts in 1984 bibliography kenneth c laudon carol guercio traver jane p laudon information technology and systems cambridge ma course technology 1996 stan augarten bit by bit an illustrated history of computers new york ticknor fields 1984 r moreau the computer comes of age the people the hardware and the software translated by j howlett cambridge mit press 1984 telephone history web site http www cybercomm net chuck phones html accessed 1998 microsoft museum http www microsoft com mscorp museum home asp accessed 1998 originally developed as a lecture for mar 203 concepts in new media a course at the university of arizona summer 1997 by jeremy g butler copyrights of these images are held by their original creators posted by rohaidahmd at 12 59 am no comments home subscribe to posts atom followers blog archive 2009 5 february 4 petuamenghilangkan gatal getah keladi sebelum 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