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science decoded october 2011 science decoded one woman s adventures navigating science and the media pages posts about me why blog sci for six year olds sci4hels sciobeantown links contact saturday october 15 2011 covering the wisconsin science festival in my integrated media and storytelling class this semester our first project was to cover an event using pictures and audio and combine it into a slideshow i chose the first wisconsin science festival at the wisconsin institutes for discovery i had some upload problems trying to convert from a soundslides project into something uploadable but i finally got there i edited the pictures in photoshop and iphoto and edited the audio using audacity i lost a lot of photo quality in the conversion but please watch and let me know what you think this was my first foray into multi media so any feedback would be much appreciated posted by unknown at 10 35 am 2 comments email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest friday october 14 2011 science for six year olds sugar maple trees this post is part of a recurring segment here on science decoded where i blog for the first graders at lincoln hubbard elementary school about the various units in their science program sugar maple leaves source wikimedia commons hello first graders i hear you are studying trees in your science class and i wanted to share with you some of the special aspects of a certain type of tree the sugar maple the sugar maple scientific name acer saccharum is a deciduous tree deciduous means that its leaves change color and fall off during the fall a sugar maple tree can grow as tall as 82 115 feet but it takes a long time to get that big after ten years thats older than all of you a sugar maple tree will usually only be about 16 feet tall the leaves on a sugar maple tree are usually around 7 8 inches long and have five lobes take a look at the picture of the leaves do they look familiar do any of you have sugar maple trees in your backyard what about at the school sugar maple range source wikimedia commons the sugar maple is a tree that can be found in hardwood forests throughout northeastern north america which includes canada and the united states take a look at this map the green part is where sugar maple trees grow do you see new jersey how about wisconsin sugar maple trees grow in new jersey where you are and wisconsin where i am sugar maples are very important because they are able to grow really well in shady areas and also provide habitat places to live for animals in the forest this species of tree isn t rare or endangered but it is a special part of these forest ecosystems an ecosystem is a biological natural area made of all the living and non living parts of the environment this means all the plants like sugar maples animals water sunlight and even soil all of these things need to be healthy to make the environment strong in addition to being important for the forest ecosystem sugar maples also have a special ability these trees can also be useful for people to make products like maple syrup sap collection source wikimedia commons sugar maple trees have a sugary sap inside them that people can harvest in the spring by making a hole in the trunk and collecting the sap that runs out when the sap is heated some of the water evaporates leaving behind syrup here is an example of what collecting the sap looks like it is being drained into those buckets attached to the trees now i have a surprise for you we have a special farmer s market here in wisconsin that is one of the biggest farmer s markets in the country have any of you ever gone to the farmer s market where you live it is a place where local farmer s bring their fruits vegetables and other products to sell here in wisconsin you can buy some of the products people make from sugar maple trees at the farmer s market i filled up a little package for you with information about the wisconsin farmer s market some sugar maple products and even a little surprise from the university of wisconsin s mascot bucky badger i hope you like it let me know if you have any questions about sugar maple trees posted by unknown at 12 00 am 6 comments email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest friday october 7 2011 biotechnology patents kyoto claims ipscs can you patent a gene what about a cell when it comes to the components of life and more importantly the ideas processes and procedures developed to manipulate these components what belongs to who this is a question that is certainly going to be fought out from the patent office to the courts as more and more biomedical discoveries are made ips cell cluster source ninds nih gov one discovery that has recently meaning august been in the news for patent applications is shinya yamanaka s 2006 discovery of the combination of genes that can be used to reprogram adult cells to a pluripotent capable of becoming any kind of cell state with these induced pluripotent stem cells ipscs lies the hope of a suitable answer to the debate over the need for pluripotency but the social and religious controversy over using human embryonic stem cells which are naturally pluripotent while working at kyoto university in japan yamanaka found that the genes oct3 4 sox2 c myc and klf4 are key to pluripotency this discovery led to the creation of the first ipscs now five years and millions of dollars in research later kyoto university has obtained patent rights for ipsc technology in six nations and two regions including the united states this development leads me back to the question i started with can you patent a gene what about the ideas or technology based on those genes apparently you can because kyoto university has but i m still quite curious about how this will play out functionally the discovery of ipscs was huge news it prompted researchers around the world to start working with ipscs many of whom have subsequently made their own discoveries published their own research in peer reviewed journals just type pluripotent into pubmed you ll see what i mean and expanded greatly on the existing body of knowledge about pluripotency this includes the discovery of numerous variations of gene combinations that play a role in pluripotency so if kyoto university owns the original idea do they own everyone elses work too according to university spokeswoman akemi nakamura they do nakamura says the patent broadly covers variations of the technology developed since 2006 in laboratories around the world in a press release the university stated the us patent covers combinations of nuclear reprogramming family factors comprising an oct family gene a klf family gene and myc family gene or an oct family gene a klf family gene and a cytokine this means that if companies use a combination of the nuclear reprogramming genes and generate ipscs regardless of the kinds of vectors they need to get the patent license so if kyoto university owns the right to the genes and the subsequent developments based on the genes what does that mean for ipsc researchers right now the university says it will not restrict research using ipscs for non profit purposes so that would mean research whose end goal isn t the marketing of a specific product based on ipsc technology will be able to continue unhindered companies that want to work with ipscs for profit may have to pay a licensing fee although it is important to note that not all ipsc research is based on these genes there are other combinations of genes that can induce pluripotency and thus lines of inquiry in this field that don t belong to kyoto university how important all of this will be and when it will be important is a bit murky ipscs have their own problems namely teratomas and haven t yet been developed for widespread let alone commercial use though with all of the resources being poured into ipsc development i think it is only a matter of time until the cells become more useable this is a story to watch it is hard to say exactly how it will work out but it is sure to be an issue that continues to come up as for me i m not really sure where i fall on this issue i can see the need to protect intellectual achievements and make sure that the wrong people don t profit but at the same time i wish it wasn t necessary and open inquiries could be pursued without people having to worry about others cashing in on their ideas if only it could be that way posted by unknown at 9 00 am 2 comments email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest newer posts older posts home subscribe to posts atom archive 2013 24 october 1 july 2 june 3 may 3 april 3 march 2 february 4 january 6 2012 55 december 4 november 5 october 3 september 4 august 2 july 4 june 4 may 7 april 5 march 9 february 5 january 3 2011 101 december 5 november 3 october 3 covering the wisconsin science festival science for six year olds sugar maple trees biotechnology patents kyoto claims ipscs september 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