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scratchapixel home page project update scratchapixel book project work on the scratchapixel book is progressing well our goal is to share the first results before the end of 2026 curious about the project what s planned and how it s is progressing project page the foundations of 3d rendering these lessons are structured to introduce 3d rendering concepts in a beginner friendly order unlike most resources we start with hands on results before diving into theory 3d computer graphics primer ray tracing as an example what do i need to get started your starting point rendering an image of a 3d scene computing the pixel coordinates of a 3d point the pinhole camera model rasterization the perspective and orthographic projection matrix overview of the ray tracing rendering technique generating camera rays with ray tracing a minimal ray tracer ray tracing rendering a triangle introduction to polygon meshes ray tracing a polygon mesh transforming objects using matrices introduction to shading introduction to shaders and brdfs a creative dive into brdf linearity and exposure introduction to lighting introduction to texturing introduction to acceleration structures global illumination and path tracing volume rendering mathematics for computer graphics this section is dedicated to explaining the mathematical theories and tools used in creating images and simulations with a computer it s not intended as a starting point but rather as a reference to be consulted when these topics are mentioned in lessons from other sections geometry matrix inverse gauss jordan method interpolation placing a camera the lookat function the mathematics of shading mathematical foundations of monte carlo methods monte carlo methods in practice an introduction to fourier transform computer graphics gems a collection of lessons on specific topics that don t necessarily fit into any broad category but are nonetheless interesting and cool blackbody geometry methods to define shapes in computer graphics bézier curves and surfaces digital imaging saving and reading images to and from disk image file formats color spaces color management and basic image processing introduction to light color and color space digital images from file to screen simple image manipulations procedural generation of virtual worlds procedural simulation of natural phenomena value noise and procedural patterns perlin noise simulating the colors of the sky tooling various techniques useful for developing 3d tools and interacting with 3d content in general windowing the obj file format camera navigation controls about terms of service