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t a marketing trap controlled by corporate giants now you can experience the thrill of these remarkable early systems i offer a number of membership card microcomputer retro kits each is a complete working computer that fits in an altoids candy tin there s one for the intel 8080 the zilog z80 the rca 1802 and others in development for the mos technology 6502 and motorola 6800 and 6809 plus a number of other unique hobby electronikits go to vintage microcomputer projects 2 second this website is devoted to my life long interest in electric vehicles even though evs were invented before ices they wound up in second place the clean silent reliable evs weren t able to compete with the cheap quick and easy power of the ices but things are changing fast global ev sales as a percentage of total vehicle sales have been increasing at a rapid rate 2 5 in 2019 4 2 in 2020 8 3 in 2021 13 in 2022 18 in 2023 20 in 2024 and 22 in 2025 your next new car may well be an ev but the us lags well behind the rest of the world in ev adoption to switch to evs the us auto companies have to re tool their entire industry and want to recoup their costs as quickly as possible they also have a vested interest in producing vehicles just like ices that are big heavy and inefficient their evs thus tend to be expensive and hard to fix it doesn t have to be that way henry ford s model t and the vw beetle showed that there is a huge market for simple affordable cars europe and china both have dozens of inexpensive ev models to choose from evs are intrinsically simpler and cheaper than ices the 1970 s citicar ev was dirt simple and the cheapest car in america thousands were sold a record not broken until the tesla evs the sunrise project began with a group of ev enthusiasts to create an affordable high performance electric kit car that anyone of modest skill can assemble the sunrise ev2 is a four passenger pure electric sports sedan designed to meet all the safety performance and comfort requirements of a modern state of the art automobile go to electric vehicle projects finally there is everything else i have written many stories poems and song lyrics over the years some of the more memorable are included here for your perusal and enjoyment go to poems stories and silliness by lee hart vintage microcomputer projects general information 1802 membership card 1802 memberchip card 1802 vip2k video computer 1802 face card 1802 badge 1802 nametag 1802 elfclock 1802 elf computer 1802mc protoboard z80 membership card z80 sio serial memory sd card z80mc protoboard 8080 membership card 6502 badge 6502 nameboy electronic christmas tree catastrophe cat recent updates new retro binary watch here s a fun little kit to build your own digital watch with vintage 1970 s technology no micro surface mount or custom parts it just uses 4000 series cmos ics to display the time in binary all in a through hole package just 1 5 in diameter and 1 4 thick the world s first electronic digital watch was the hamilton pulsar it was introduced in 1970 for the astounding price of 2100 us dollars the first affordable digital watch was the sinclair black watch it was introduced in 1975 for a mere 24 95 british pounds or 17 95 in kit form typical of sinclair products it was brilliantly conceived but horribly executed both of these alternatives looked unreasonable so around 1980 i decided to build my own it worked but the leds at the time were too dim that s been fixed by modern leds so my 40 year old project is finished at last documentation retro binary watch manual in pdf format watch schematic in png format retro binary watch kit 9 95 a complete kits with pc board all parts clear overlay and manual 1802 octojam 10 is now history this annual chip 8 programming contest runs every october chip 8 is a graphically oriented tiny programming language perfect for beginners to write their own games chip 8 runs on many early computers including the 1802 elf vip and vip2k 1802 now there s a truly affordable 1802 starter kit to introduce you to the 1802 on a budget the 29 1802 memberchip kit has the pc board 1802 8k ram and 32k eprom with a monitor floating point basic scott adams classic adventureland game and even david ahl s super star trek game 1802 the 1802 badge kit was designed for wearing at the various vintage computer festivals held around the usa and the world it has an 8 character alphanumeric display to show the scrolling message of your choice all for just 20 8080 the microcomputer revolution started in 1975 with the mits altair 8800 the altaid 8800 is a new version you can build yourself and it fits in your pocket it s not an emulator it has a real 8080 cpu and is entirely built with vintage technology kits are coming soon and bare boards are available now 6502 2017 was the 40th anniversary for the apple commodore pet and atari vcs home computers in honor of the occasion we designed a 6502 badge for vcfmw it s a working 6502 computer complete with basic on a 3 badge z80 the z80 membership card is now running the cp m operating system the z80 sio card adds more ram a real uart and a micro sd card socket that simulates disk drives ev added battery balancer documentation ev added video of the sunrise in action and photos of the solectria sunrise and the development team ev updated the motor controllers page with documentation on the 1912 baker electric motor controller and a complete wiring diagram for a ford ranger ev conversion with a curtis 1231c controller the membership card and other 1802 projects 1802 membership card computer rev l1 is out the pc parallel port is upgraded to a two digit hex led display like the original elf which can be expanded to six ascii digits a power on jump circuit is added to begin execution at either 0h or 8000h to suit the user s program roms thanks to the work of chuck yakym ed keefe and others we have basic3 running this is rca s 1981 floating point basic for the 1802 comparable to microsoft basic of the time the membership card was reviewed by stephen cass in the march 2015 issue of ieee spectrum magazine the april 2015 issue had part 2 in the series 2016 was the 40th anniversary of the elf computer articles in popular electronics magazine to celebrate we made this reproduction of the original elf computer true to the original it was entirely built with wire wrap no soldering at all the face card was featured on the hackaday website and on jeff duntemann s contrapositive diary blog it displays an animated face with the 1802 retrocomputer i built this model of the galileo spacecraft for the 1802 booth at the midwest vintage computer festival like the original it uses an 1802 microprocessor to send data the original solectria sunrise ev electric vehicle projects the solectria sunrise specifications photos and links the sunrise ev2 project specifications frequently asked questions progress report who we are you can help lee s ev products general information batt bridge out of balance alarm zener lamp regulator battery balancer doubler contactor life extender e meter link 10 isolator electric vehicles in the news ev sales overtook ice sales in the eu in december 2025 ev registrations reached 217 898 up 51 for the year while ice registrations were down 19 to 216 492 the largest market share was volkswagen with 26 7 followed by stellantis renault hyundai toyota and bmw tesla s market share fell to 2 6 ev range has more than tripled in the past decade in 2011 the best selling ev was the nissan leaf with a range of 73 miles by 2022 it was the chevy bolt with a range of 247 miles the number of models available has also increased dramatically from three in 2011 to over 70 today ev prices have also tumbled to the point where they are comparable to mid range ices a great 2 minute summary of recent ev sales in the usa sales have reached about 50 000 per year which is 0 67 of the market but growing very quickly automakers are again considering a higher voltage replacement for the traditional 12v battery the last time it was to 36v called 42v this time it s to 48v to allow cheaper gas electric hybrids multi step charging algorithm extends life of lithium cells lithium cells are usually charged with simple constant current constant voltage chargers we ve known for years that other battery chemistries lead acid nicad nimh benefit from more complex multi step charging algorithms this data suggests that lithium cell life is also improved by such algorithms who says evs are slow golf carts see the world s fastest evs at nedra drag racing ev videos and this one is just for fun electric dragsters need arc n spark shows the original sunrise was designed by solectria corp using the hypercar principles of amory lovins it achieved remarkable efficiency and range through the use of lightweight construction innovative design and superb aerodynamics unfortunately only a handful were produced the sunrise ev2 project began with the purchase of the last unfinished sunrise from solectria ceo james worden it is being redesigned as a kit car along the lines followed by manufacturers of light plane kits for the eaa experimental aircraft association the steps are build a working prototype that interested parties can see and drive test the design and verify performance publish plans sufficient to build the entire car from scratch just as we are doing now provide key components produced from our molds and tooling such as the fiberglass body and welded chassis parts to simplify construction produce parts kits and subassemblies for example all the major parts needed to build the wiring harness body hardware rear subframe etc offer a complete car kit combined with generic parts purchased new and those from a donor vehicle anyone who can handle a screwdriver and wrench could put it together someday perhaps a fully assembled production automobile i doubt we will get to this point for years due to the costly regulatory requirements our goal is to make the sunrise ev2 as modular and open source as possible like a pc clone where many different parts can be used from many different vendors we ll provide the basic box builders can then use any motor controller batteries charger interior and instrumentation they like depending on your budget and performance requirements your sunrise can be ac or dc lead acid or lithium batteries etc we look forward to having a community of sunrise ev2 builders where members can exchange ideas buy sell trade parts and assist others in building their cars check this website out occasionally to see how we re doing progress not much progress this past year interest in homebuilt evs really collapsed since the automakers began selling their own evs and i ve had some financial setbacks that have kept me from investing much more than my own time in the project but hope springs eternal perhaps the leadership in washington dc will lead to another collapse in us automaker s interest in evs as it did in the year 2000 certainly the us carmakers are going right while everyone else in the world is going left maybe there will be a rebirth of interest from people who want to build their own car one that they can fix themselves without being beholden to big auto or the vagries of the government there s nobody left to work on the sunrise ev2 but igor and i but i broke down and bought a gas furnace for the garage hopefully we can make some progress over the winter lee s evs in this section i ll post ev tips and techniques to save you money find parts measure performance and improve your ev as new ones appear the old ones will move to the lee s evs page purchases contribute to the sunrise ev2 project if you like what you see and want me to write more of them please click the donate button below battery testers if you work with evs you need a way to test batteries i ve used all sorts of setups over the years ranging from jury rigged parts from my junkbox to sophisticated systems like my battery balancer there are also commercial products ranging from cheap junk for testing hobby r c batteries to very expensive professional grade systems i think the most useful ones have been my home made load testers they are simple enough to be cheap and easy to build they are rugged enough to handle high current for long periods of time best of all i know what they are doing so i know what the test results mean i ve described them before on the ev discussion list but here s a more complete description in case you d like to build your own a load tester basically consists of the following a big load resistor to discharge the battery a fan to get rid of the heat a big switch or relay to connect the load to start the test and disconnect it at the end of the test a voltage detector to set the starting and ending voltages instrumentation to measure and record what happened a box to put it all in here s an example the tester pictured at the right was built in the discarded case from an inexpensive 120vac 1500 watt heater the case was gutted and nothing was kept but the fan switch i installed a 12vdc muffin fan in place of the original 120vac fan a large aluminum extruded heatsink was mounted in front of the fan a big 40 amp automotive relay switches the load the little fan switch would die trying to switch high current dc the load was made from a couple dozen surplus 25 watt power resistors in anodized aluminum cases screwed to the heatsink for cooling these resistors are wired to the fan switch so i can select the load current the fan switch had 5 positions off fan low med and high i wired these positions to the resistors to provide the following loads for a 12v battery off no load about 5 ma fan 4 amps low 12 amps med 18 amps high 25 amps the left picture is the view inside the heatsink with all the resistors is in the middle a 4 7 square 12vdc fan is hidden behind it the charge and discharge buttons are at the top and the fan switch to set the load current is on the top right the relay is the black box at the right with a 30 amp circuit breaker just below it in case anything goes wrong voltage is sensed by a modified manzanita micro rudman regulator barely visible at the bottom of the case these are normally used to balance or equalize 12v lead acid batteries it switches a 7 5 ohm load resistor across the battery if it exceeds a fully charged voltage set by a trimpot i e 14 8v it switches off when the voltage drops about 50 millivolts from this i modified an old rev a rudman regulator to make its turn off adjustable with a trimpot to a fully discharged voltage i e 10 5v i also added a pair of pushbuttons to manually switch it on and off the modifications are very simple only few parts are added the relay coil is wired to the regulator s external load terminals the regulator s 7 5 ohm load resistor was removed they tend to burn up the relay contacts switch the battery between the charger and the load resistors in operation the regulator switches the battery to the charger until it reaches the fully ch...