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home wolfgang schwarz wolfgang schwarz i am a philosopher at the university of edinburgh i work in traditional areas of theoretical philosophy often using methods from decision theory formal semantics and logic my cv pdf email wo umsu de research some of my research revolves around the idea that we are approximately bayesian agents whose internal representation of the world involves extra parameters that do not track an independent dimension of objective reality these parameters arguably include a marker for ourselves and the present time the phenomenal character of sensory experiences the options among which we choose moral norms and hypotheses about natural modality i also work on rational speech act models of pragmatics the semantics of conditionals and ability modals attitude reports and the nature of propositional attitudes dynamic norms for self locating beliefs humeanism in metaphysics the interpretation of probability in scientific theories causal decision theory model theory of quantified modal logic and too many other topics publications de finetti s gambit and the construction of chance 2026 i suggest that objective chance might be a useful parameter in our model of the world even if it doesn t track an independent feature of reality forthcoming in the journal of philosophy the mystery of agency 2026 i try to make sense of our conception of agency which seems to involve special acts of willing or trying that impinge on the physical world from the outside and are infallibly revealed to the agent forthcoming in b vetter and t schoonen ed the epistemology of ability oxford oxford university press 2026 unspecific antecedents 2026 i discuss a range of phenomena surrounding the simplification of disjunctive antecedents and argue for a pragmatic explanation forthcoming in b fitelson and j j joaquin ed could would should essays in honor of alan hájek springer 2026 sleeping beauty and the demands of non ideal rationality 2025 i explore how norms of diachronic rationality might apply to cases where it s unsure whether compliance with the ideal norms is possible using the sleeping beauty problem as an example noûs 59 2025 1072 1092 dynamic rationality and disproportionate belief 2025 i argue that rational agents shouldn t always proportion their beliefs to their evidence philosophers imprint 25 2025 1 17 knowing the powers 2023 i argue that anti humean accounts in metaphysics have trouble explaining how we can have knowledge of natural modality m t hicks and s jaag and ch loew ed humean laws for human agents oxford university press 2023 66 85 the problem of metaphysical omniscience 2022 i like possible worlds models of knowledge and belief these models don t allow for a priori enquiry but then what is going on when we do metaphysics or maths helen beebee and j r a fisher ed perspectives on the philosophy of david k lewis oxford oxford university press 2022 23 40 david lewis s metaphysics 2021 with ned hall and brian rabern an overview of lewis s metaphysics i wrote most of the section on counterpart theory and an appendix on counterpart theoretic semantics for quantified modal logic the stanford encyclopedia of philosophy 2021 discourse diversity and free choice 2021 i give a broadly gricean explanation of various free choice phenomena using ideas from dynamic semantics australasian journal of philosophy 99 2021 48 67 corrections objects of choice 2021 decision theory says that rational agents choose an option with maximal expected utility but what are the options among which she chooses mind 130 2021 165 197 ability and possibility 2020 i argue that the classical quantificational semantics of ability modals fails to account for a normatively central kind of ability and suggest a minor tweak to fix the problem philosophers imprint 20 2020 1 21 from sensor variables to phenomenal facts 2019 i outline a physicalist explanation of why there appear to be irreducible phenomenal facts journal of consciousness studies 26 2019 217 227 imaginary foundations 2018 a defense of sense datum theory an answer to the input problem for jeffrey conditioning and a solution to the hard problem of consciousness ergo 5 2018 764 789 no interpretation of probability 2018 i argue that none of the usual interpretations of probability provides a plausible account of probabilistic theories in science and suggest an alternative erkenntnis 83 2018 1195 1212 semantic possibility 2018 i outline an approach to semantics in which it makes sense to construe meanings as sets of possible worlds and raise some questions about how we should understand the relevant space of worlds d ball and b rabern ed the science of meaning oxford oxford university press 2018 360 380 subjunctive conditional probability 2018 i discuss recent triviality results for counterfactuals and different proposals for how to understand subjunctive conditional probability journal of philosophical logic 47 2018 47 66 diachronic norms for self locating beliefs 2017 i critically survey most norms that have been proposed for updating self locating credences and explain why such norms are needed ergo 4 2017 709 738 corrections granularity problems 2016 with jens christian bjerring we argue i that impossible worlds are less useful to model fine grained linguistic or mental content than often assumed and ii that it is hard to find a notion of content that is neither too coarse grained nor too fine grained the philosophical quarterly 67 2016 22 37 belief update across fission 2015 i complete the update rule proposed in changing minds in a changing worlds by extending it to cases of fission and add some new arguments and clarifications british journal for the philosophy of science 66 2015 659 682 best system approaches to chance 2015 an advertisement for best system accounts of chance disguised as a survey article alan h ajek and christopher hitchcock ed the oxford handbook of probability and philosophy oxford oxford university press 2015 423 439 lost memories and useless coins revisiting the absentminded driver 2015 i analyse the paradox of the absentminded driver from different perspectives and make a few general remarks about unstable decision problems mixed strategies and the link between objective chance and rational credence synthese 192 2015 3011 3036 analytic functionalism 2015 a critical overview of lewis s philosophy of mind with some general remarks on methodological issues b loewer and j schaffer ed a companion to david lewis john wiley sons 2015 504 518 review of tychomancy 2015 an essay review of michael strevens s tychomancy inferring probability from causal structure philosophy of science 82 2015 313 320 against magnetism 2014 i argue that there is no good evidence that lewis ever endorsed a magnetic conception of meaning and that his actual account of language reveals convincing arguments against it australasian journal of philosophy 92 2014 17 36 proving the principal principle 2014 i explain how various humean accounts of chance together with independently plausible constraints on rational belief entail the principal principle a wilson ed chance and temporal asymmetry oxford oxford university press 2014 81 99 counterpart theory and the paradox of occasional identity 2014 i present an extended counterpart theoretic semantics for modal and temporal languages to account for paradoxes of occasional identity unlike in standard counterpart theory humphrey s counterpart at other worlds or times turns out to be none other than humphrey himself mind 123 2014 1057 1094 contingent identity 2013 a review of arguments for and against the coherence of contingent identity philosophy compass 8 2013 486 495 variations on a montagovian theme 2013 in some contexts one might want to model the objects of knowledge belief probability apriority or analyticity as sentences however this idea faces serious obstacles from mathematical logic synthese 190 2013 3377 3395 corrections changing minds in a changing world 2012 i propose a general rule for updating beliefs that takes into account both the impact of new evidence and changes in the subject s location philosophical studies 159 2012 219 239 how things are elsewhere adventures in counterpart semantics 2012 i defend a simple model theory for quantified modal and hybrid logics based on ideas from counterpart theory g russell and g restall ed new waves in philosophical logic basingstoke palgrave macmillan 2012 8 29 david lewis metaphysik und analyse 2009 a shallow and unbalanced book on lewis s metaphysics in german paderborn mentis 2009 modal metaphysics and conceptual metaphysics 2007 i compare the old fashioned view of metaphysics as an inquiry into broadly conceptual connections with the by now equally old fashioned view of metaphysics as an inquiry into modal connections i argue against proposals by jackson and lewis that the two projects ultimately coincide and claim that we should prefer the conceptual project helen bohse and sven walter ed philosophie grundlagen und anwendungen ausgewahlte beitrage aus den sektionen der gap 6 paderborn mentis 2007 520 528 some currently abandoned manuscripts neg raising through question raising 2026 i suggest that neg raising arises through a general mechanism by which negative utterances are enriched to convey positive information taming counterpart semantics 2023 i define a counterpart theoretic semantics for quantified modal logic and show that it can be used to characterize a wide range of systems haecceities quiddities and structure 2015 i seem to suggest that all truths or at least all truths we can entertain are made true by the abstract structure of the world emperors dragons and other mathematicalia 2005 one of the most intriguing applications of possibilia is the reduction of mathematical truths i argue that this is not only technically feasible but also supported by general methodological considerations that it reflects a natural understanding of mathematical statements and that it solves most of the philosophical puzzles surrounding mathematics recent blog posts neg raising through question raising moral fictionalism cooperation and motivation logical omniscience beyond fragmentation and impossible worlds coded communication lewis 1969 on the probability of conditionals time travel and sortal relative predication teaching mathematical logic see more on my blog open textbooks belief desire and rational choice 2023 a philosophical introduction to decision theory with digressions into bayesian epistemology and value theory logic 2 modal logic 2026 an intermediate logic course centred around modal logic with many philosophical applications logic computability and incompleteness 2025 a gentle but fast paced introduction to computability theory and metalogic current teaching mind matter and language an introduction to philosophy of mind and philosophy of language for 2nd year students co taught with milo philips brown logic computability and incompleteness advanced logic introducing central ideas and results from computability theory and metalogic for 4th year students me myself and other less important subjects a course on self and self location for 4th year students co taught with mahrad almotahari logic 2 modal logic an intermediate logic course for 3rd year students centred around modal logic programming tree proof generator a web page that tests formulas of first order propositional or modal logic for validity and tries to output either a tableau proof or a countermodel philosophical progress tracks new philosophy papers and blog posts from all over the internet lewis search full text search over the works of david lewis webppl rsa a webppl package for simulating rational speakers and hearers in the rational speech act framework