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and (81), the (58), wikipedia (45), more (33), read (33), not (30), style (24), for (20), use (19), edit (19), #manual (19), page (17), article (17), pages (16), help (16), articles (14), lists (14), are (14), category (12), requests (12), but (12), about (10), guidelines (10), smos (10), avoid (9), shortcut (9), this (8), templates (8), words (8), text (7), using (7), community (7), markup (7), tips (7), simplified (7), images (7), numbers (7), formatting (7), names (7), that (7), dash (7), information (6), contents (6), navigation (6), with (6), from (6), policies (6), abbreviations (6), user (6), see (6), writing (6), music (6), mos (6), like (6), wikimedia (5), history (5), english (5), talk (5), create (5), categories (5), index (5), media (5), wiki (5), citation (5), rules (5), make (5), desk (5), sources (5), before (5), arts (5), how (5), overview (5), titles (5), works (5), dates (5), also (5), which (5), should (5), only (5), after (5), one (5), space (5), comma (5), policy 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Text of the page (random words):
ntended to provide additional information about concepts in the page s it supplements this page is not one of wikipedia s policies or guidelines as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community shortcuts mos simplified wp smos explanatory essay about the wikipedia manual of style manual of style mos content accessibility biography disambiguation pages hidden text infoboxes linking self references words to watch formatting abbreviations capital letters dates and numbers pronunciation spelling text formatting titles of works images captions galleries icons images layout layout lead section tables trivia sections lists lists lists of works road junctions stand alone lists legal legal trademarks by topic area arts comics film lyrics and poetry novels philosophy television video games visual arts writing about fiction music music samples record charts stringed instruments category regional specific naming conventions canada china and chinese france and french hawaii india ireland japan korea pakistan philippines poland singapore religion islam latter day saints science chemistry mathematics medicine sports cue sports snooker related guidelines article size article titles categories lists and navigation templates categorization citing sources hatnotes military history notability signatures subpages talk page guidelines template namespace understandability user pages wikimedia sister projects wikiprojects overview contents tips v t e this simplified manual of style is an overview of commonly used style guidelines taken from the wikipedia manual of style and its subpages together called the mos when a mos guideline offers a choice of style use only one alternative consistently throughout an article and do not unreasonably alter a choice that has already been made the mos has too many suggestions to memorize or even to consult regularly but because they are based on consensual discussion they often settle time wasting arguments wikipedia has no firm rules but these suggestions help create consistent articles for a descriptive directory of the pages which make up the manual of style see wikipedia manual of style contents contents 1 capital letters 2 abbreviations 3 punctuation 3 1 apostrophes and quotation marks 3 2 periods and commas 3 3 dashes and hyphens 4 dates and numbers 5 markup 6 references 7 usage 8 see also capital letters edit shortcut smos cap use sentence case for article titles and section headings tips and pointers not tips and pointers read more capitalize names of scriptures like bible and qur an but not biblical always capitalize god when it refers to a primary or only deity but not pronouns that refer to deities he not he read more avoid capitalizing names of plants and animals among the exceptions are scientific names felis catus and proper nouns occurring as part of a name read more the seasons summer winter spring and fall autumn and the compass points north southwest are not to be capitalized read more read more abbreviations edit shortcut smos abb to indicate approximately the non italicized abbreviation c followed by a space is preferred over circa ca or approx read more write us or u s but not usa use us not u s in an article using uk prc etc read more use and instead of the sign except in tables infoboxes and official names like at t read more punctuation edit apostrophes and quotation marks edit shortcut smos a q use straight quote marks and apostrophes as available from the keyboard and not alternatives such as and read more italicize names of books films tv series music albums paintings and ships but not short works like songs or poems which should be in quotation marks read more write james s house not james house read more periods and commas edit shortcut smos p c place a full stop a period or a comma before a closing quotation mark if it belongs as part of the quoted material otherwise put it after the word carefree means happy but she said i m feeling carefree please do so irrespective of any rules associated with the variety of english in use read more an ellipsis should be written as three separate dots not spaced and not using the single character option read more the serial comma for example the comma before and in ham chips and eggs is optional be sensitive to possible ambiguity from thoughtless use or thoughtless avoidance read more avoid comma splices read more picture captions should not end in a full stop a period unless they are complete sentences read more dashes and hyphens edit shortcut smos d h avoid using a hyphen after a standard ly adverb a newly available home read more a hyphen is not a dash hyphens are used within words or to join words but not in punctuating the parts of a sentence use an en dash with before and a space after or use an em dash without spaces see wikipedia how to make dashes avoid using two hyphens to make a dash and avoid using a hyphen for a minus sign read more use an en dash not a hyphen between numbers pp 14 21 1953 2008 an en dash is also to connect parallel terms red green colorblind a new york london flight use spaces around the en dash only if the connected terms are multi unit dates january 1999 december 2000 read more dates and numbers edit shortcut smos d n write number 1 or no 1 but not 1 comic books are an exception do not use the symbol read more write 12 000 for twelve thousand not 12 000 read more both 10 june 1921 and june 10 1921 are correct but should be consistent within an article a comma is not used if only the month is given such as june 1921 read more ad 400 and 400 bc are correct but so are 400 ce and 400 bce as always use one style consistently in an article read more use one two three eight nine in normal article text not 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 although there are many exceptional circumstances and some other numbers may be written as words also read more markup edit shortcut smos mkp instead of an ordinary space use a hard space or non breaking space to prevent a line from ending in the middle of expressions like 17 kg ad 565 2 50 pm 11 billion 129 million october 2022 5 24 21 12 n or boeing 747 also after the number in 123 fake street and before roman numerals in world war ii and pope benedict xvi use in the same way inside a wikilink an alternative enclose the whole expression using the template nowrap read more it does not matter how many spaces come after a period because extra spaces will not show although blank lines will create one extra line read more use wikilinks but only for words and phrases that are most likely to be helpful if clicked make sure each link goes to an article on the intended subject and not to a disambiguation page or incorrect destination read more references edit shortcut smos ref there are multiple citation styles the most common uses ref ref ref tags to create footnotes sometimes called endnotes or notes which will appear in the reference or endnote section this citation should immediately follow the text to which it applies including any punctuation with some exceptions read more usage edit shortcut smos usg english wikipedia prefers no major national variety of the language over any other these varieties e g u s english british english differ in vocabulary soccer vs football spelling center vs centre and occasionally grammar read more avoid words like i we and you except in quotations and names of works read more read more avoid phrases like note that and remember that which assume you for the reader and avoid such expressions as of course and obviously read more see also edit mos related help introduction to the manual of style a quick introduction to the style guide for articles manual of style quiz test your manual of style knowledge wikipedia styletips a list of advice for editors on writing style and formatting in a bullet point format wikipedia manual of style reading schedule a reading schedule designed to assist editors in becoming familiar with manual of style general formatting wikipedia tips overview page where you can digest how to use wikipedia in bite sized morsels wikipedia contributing to wikipedia a page that provides information on the basics needed to edit wikipedia wikipedia writing better articles guidance on how to improve articles wikipedia dos and don ts dos and don ts pages summaries of wikipedia s policies guidelines and formatting standards in a bullet point format help cheatsheet a page that provides the most commonly used wiki markup v t e manual of style overview directory tips quiz content accessibility biographies disambiguation pages infoboxes linking self references words to watch formatting abbreviations capitalization dates and numbers pronunciation proper names spelling text formatting titles images captions galleries icons images layout layout lead section tables trivia sections lists embedded lists lists lists of works road junctions stand alone lists legal legal trademarks arts anime and manga comics film lyrics and poetry novels television video games visual arts writing about fiction music music music samples record charts regional canada china france hawaii india ireland japan korea malaysia philippines poland singapore trinidad and tobago religion islam latter day saints science chemistry mathematics medicine taxonomy sports cue sports snooker related article size article titles categories lists and navigation templates categorization citing sources hatnotes military history signatures subpages talk page guidelines template namespace understandability user pages wikimedia sister projects wikiprojects search category v t e basic information on wikipedia help directory menu teahouse interactive help for new editors about wikipedia readers index to wikipedia statistics administration faqs purpose who writes wikipedia organization censorship in brief general disclaimer readers faq student help navigation searching viewing media help mobile access parental advice other languages researching with wikipedia citing wikipedia copyright introductions to contributing main introduction list of tutorials and introductions the answer dos and don ts learning the ropes common mistakes newcomer primer simplified ruleset the missing manual your first article wizard young wikipedians the adventure accounts why create an account logging in email confirmation editing toolbar conflict visualeditor user guide policies and guidelines five pillars manual of style simplified etiquette expectations oversight principles ignore all rules the rules are principles core content policies policies and guidelines vandalism appealing blocks what wikipedia is not getting help help menu help desk reference desk category requests for help disputes resolution requests irc live chat tutorial contact us wikipedia community departments meetups wikiprojects overview faq village pump policy technical proposals idea lab wikimedia misc newsletters signpost library newsletter glam newsletter informational community portal dashboard noticeboards maintenance task center essays sourcing and referencing research research desk wikipedia library request resources free resources request access to major databases wikiproject resource exchange shared resources guidelines finding sources combining sources referencing citations citation style 1 citation templates footnotes page numbers cite errors how to guides category tools infoboxes writing articles development better writing files images media files uploading deletion user contribution pages editing pages diffs namespaces deletion merging renaming requests redirecting reverting vandalism cleanup talk pages archiving wiki markup wiki markup cheatsheet columns html lists magic words for beginners sections sounds special characters tables templates documentation index transclusion image and video markup tutorial linking directories and glossaries category abbreviations contents edit summaries essays glossary index shortcuts tips v t e wikipedia community for a listing of current collaborations tasks and news see the community portal for a listing of ongoing discussions and current requests see the dashboard general community topics administration news the signpost goings on in the media meetups mailing lists wikipedians statistics the wikipedia library centralized discussion village pump idea lab policy proposals technical miscellaneous wmf holidays bots contents and grading requested articles most wanted articles images needing articles articles needing images articles for creation wp afc r creation help vital articles articles for improvement peer review good article nominations featured article candidates lists pictures topics article translation pages main page errors wikiprojects and collaborations directory culture and the arts geographical history and society science technology and engineering wikipedia assistance and tasks patrols recent changes counter vandalism unit version 1 0 editorial team accessibility organizations category awards and feedback reward board contests a nice cup of tea and a sit down charitableness wikilove compliment before criticism kindness campaign thanks maintenance tasks task center open tasks backlog category admin category edit requests category database reports category tracker dusty articles special pages new pages recent changes controversial issues administrators and noticeboards administrators noticeboard incidents edit warring vandalism admin dashboard admin requests closure page protection user permissions sockpuppets open proxies revision deletion oversight request usernames changing title blacklist otrs bureaucrats requests for adminship and bureaucratship arbitration committee requests enforcement content dispute resolution requests for comment third opinion dispute resolution noticeboard biographies of living persons conflict of interest external links fringe theories neutral point of view no original research reliable sources other noticeboards and assistance regional notice boards requests for help category asking questions teahouse help desk reference desk adopt a user copyright assistance copyright investigations text problems media questions resource requests mergers history mergers moves page importation spam blacklist whitelist bots education general sanctions editor sanctions long term abuse deletion discussions guide admin today articles templates files categories redirects miscellany speedy proposed blp review undeletion arguments to avoid arguments to make article rescue elections and votings requests for comment meta wikimedia foundation elections wp democracy voting is not evil milestones directories indexes and summaries departments edit summary legend editor s index essays faqs glossary abbreviations help manual of style simplified rules five pillars policies guidelines shortcuts templates citation templates tips today tools wiki markup media category templates retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title wikipedia 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