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Text of the page (random words):
l background location biases ethnicity and other pieces of one s own life but we are trying to build an encyclopedia that is untainted by systemic bias the primary topic is therefore determined without regard to for example the national origin if any of the article or articles in question because many topics on wikipedia are more interesting or pertinent to particular groups one potential criterion to commonly avoid is what first comes to mind an american might first think of the city in alabama when birmingham is mentioned but primary topic belongs to the city in england which is far more notable and whose article is read much more often a scot might think of the scottish city when the city of perth is referred to but the primary topic belongs to the australian city for essentially the same reasons as for birmingham raleigh takes you directly to the american city even though a brit may not even know of the city and only think of the explorer or bicycle manufacturer when raleigh is mentioned what first comes to your mind when you hear the word java it may be coffee or a programming language but the primary topic belongs to the island with over 140 million people living on it shortcut wp titleptm partial title matches should also be considered consider what users searching with the term in question are most likely to be seeking for instance new york city is a partial title match for york and is far more notable and likely to be sought more page views than is the british city from which it got its name and the vast majority of the time that york is used in books it is used in the names new york city and its containing state of new york a however since users are unlikely to search for new york with the search term york which is supported by the rare use of unqualified york to refer to new york in reliable sources york still hosts an article on the british city and no suggestion to change that would be seriously entertained likewise sofia has been the first name of countless girls and women throughout history however as a single term it most commonly refers to the bulgarian capital and anyone searching with plain sofia is most likely looking for that city b to be clear it is not our goal to astonish our readers and the topic that comes first to mind indeed often is suitable as the primary topic anne hathaway as one of countless examples takes the reader to the modern day american movie star s page not to the article on the wife of william shakespeare but in no case do what comes first to mind or what is astonishing have much bearing either positive or negative on which topic if any actually is the primary topic redirecting to a primary topic shortcut wp primaryredirect the title of the primary topic article may be different from the ambiguous term this may happen when the topic is primary for more than one term when the article covers a wider topical scope or when it is titled differently according to the naming conventions when this is the case the term should redirect to the article or a section of it the fact that an article has a different title is not a factor in determining whether a topic is primary for example the city which is the subject of the article on gdańsk used to be called danzig in english but is now usually referred to as gdańsk thus the primary topic for danzig is this city danzig redirects to gdańsk and the latter page contains a redirect hatnote linking to danzig disambiguation the primary topic for ovens is the cooker but because of wikipedia naming conventions plurals the article is titled oven here ovens redirects to oven and a hatnote then links to ovens disambiguation the primary topic for the search term einstein is the physicist but the article title is albert einstein here einstein redirects to albert einstein and a hatnote then links to einstein disambiguation the article at defamation is the primary topic for five terms defamation libel slander vilification and calumny even though there is a film with the title libel the article at defamation is still the primary topic for that title and the film must be disambiguated there are times when a disambiguated article title such as apostrophe punctuation may be moved to its base name unqualified title based on a consensus that this is the primary topic for the unqualified term when such a page move is made the redirect template r from unnecessary disambiguation should be used to categorize the redirect that results from the move under category redirects from unnecessary disambiguation using the above example apostrophe punctuation would redirect as follows where apostrophe s topic is primary redirect apostrophe redirect category shell r from move r from unnecessary disambiguation primary topic when a disambiguation page lists only one existing article by that name shortcut wp primaryred when a disambiguation page lists only one existing article by that name all other suggested articles are red linked the normal rules for primary topic still apply the existing article is not automatically the primary topic nor is there automatically no primary topic so if the article with the blue link is the primary topic it should be the primary landing page possibly via a wp primaryredirect the disambiguation page should be at a page with the disambiguation qualifier if there is no primary topic then the disambiguation page should be the primary landing page on the rare occasions that a red linked article would be the primary topic the situation is treated as if there is no primary topic until the red linked article is written please note mos dabmention still applies any red linked entry must still have a blue link to an article that covers the redlinked topic disambiguation page or hatnotes shortcut wp twodabs see also wikipedia article titles when a spelling variant indicates a distinct topic wikipedia hatnotes are cheap and wikipedia primary topics in wp twodabs situations for more about hatnotes see hatnotes for rules about naming disambiguation pages and combining similar terms on a single page see disambiguation pages as discussed above if an ambiguous term has no primary topic then that term needs to lead to a disambiguation page in other words where no topic is primary the disambiguation page is placed at the base name if a disambiguation page is needed but one of the other topics is of particular interest then it may be appropriate to link to it explicitly as well as linking to the disambiguation page for example inflation is about the primary topic a rise in prices and a hatnote links to both inflation cosmology and inflation disambiguation no primary topic shortcut wp noprimary if there are multiple topics even just two to which a given title might refer but per the criteria at is there a primary topic there is no primary topic then the base name should lead the reader to the disambiguation page for the term for example john quested is a disambiguation page for the two people by that name who can be found in the encyclopedia john quested may refer to john quested raf officer 1893 1948 english world war i flying ace john quested producer born 1935 film producer and owner and chairman of goldcrest films primary topic with only one other topic shortcut wp oneother if there is a primary topic located at the base name then the question arises whether to create a disambiguation page or merely to link to all the other meanings from a hatnote on the primary topic article if there are only two topics to which a given title might refer and one is the primary topic then a disambiguation page is not needed it is sufficient to use a hatnote on the primary topic article pointing to the other article this means that readers looking for the second topic are spared the extra navigational step of going through the disambiguation page if an existing disambiguation page does not appear to be needed because there are only two topics for the ambiguous title and one of them is the primary topic but there could reasonably be other topics ambiguous with the title on wikipedia now or in the future an about hatnote can be used to link to a disambiguation page either in addition to or instead of a link directly to the other article at the same time the one other topic template should be added to the top of the disambiguation page which will inform users that the page has only two ambiguous terms one of them primary thus it may be deleted if after a period of time no additional ambiguous topics are found to expand the disambiguation page the one other topic template will also list the article in category disambiguation pages containing one non primary topic allowing other editors to locate these pages and help in expanding them if the two dab page has been expanded to include additional ambiguous topics one other topic template should be removed and a direct link in the primary article to the other article may not be needed anymore as a link to the disambiguation page alone may be sufficient primary topic with two or more other topics if there are two or three other topics it is still possible to use a hatnote which lists the other topics explicitly but if this would require too much text roughly if the hatnote would extend well over one line on a standard page then it is better to create a disambiguation page and refer only to that different spelling variants if the titles of two articles differ only in capitalization or the separation or non separation of components as per wp diffcaps or wp pluralpt the articles each should contain a hatnote to link to each other for example ice cube and ice cube naming the specific topic articles article titles all naming conventions category wikipedia naming conventions nature fauna animals flora plants arts entertainment media books broadcasting comics films manuscripts music operas television video games visual arts people clergy ethnicities and tribes ancient romans royalty and nobility sports baseball players science technology transport astronomy chemistry medicine programming languages aircraft ships government politics law government and legislation legal political parties organizations companies latter day saints sports teams numbers dates numbers and dates places events places events lists categories categories lists long lists stub sorting language country specific writing systems all languages all countries armenian bangladesh burmese chinese german greek hebrew indic irish japanese korean macedonian mongolian new zealand old norse polish russian tibetan ukrainian formatting capitalization use english definite or indefinite article at beginning of name plurals acronyms technical restrictions v t e shortcut wp ncdab see also wikipedia article titles disambiguation wp ncdab redirects here for disambiguation in cases of no consensus see wikipedia redirects for discussion common outcomes no consensus retargets and disambiguations for disambiguating specific topic pages by using an unambiguous article title several options are available natural disambiguation when there is another term such as apartment instead of flat or more complete name such as english language instead of english that is unambiguous commonly used in english even without being the most common term and equally clear that term is typically the best to use comma separated disambiguation ambiguous geographic names are often disambiguated by adding the name of a higher level administrative division separated by a comma as in windsor berkshire c see naming conventions geographic names parenthetical disambiguation a disambiguating word or phrase can be added in parentheses the word or phrase in parentheses should be the generic class avoiding proper nouns as much as possible that includes the topic as in mercury element seal emblem or the subject or context to which the topic applies as in union set theory inflation cosmology or rarely an adjective describing the topic can be used as in vector spatial but it is usually better to rephrase such a title to avoid parentheses for instance vector spatial was renamed to euclidean vector natural disambiguation that is unambiguous commonly used and clear is generally preferable to parenthetical disambiguation for instance fan district and hand fan are used instead of fan district and fan implement if no unambiguous commonly used and clear natural disambiguation is available another type of disambiguation is used if there are several possible choices for parenthetical disambiguation use the same disambiguating phrase already commonly used for other topics within the same class and context if any otherwise choose whichever is simpler for example use mythology rather than mythological figure naming conventions applicable to certain subject areas are listed in the box to the right these often contain detailed guidance about how to disambiguate in particular for articles about people see the disambiguating section in the people naming convention format to conform to the naming conventions the phrase in parentheses should be treated just as any other word in a title normally lowercase unless it is a proper noun like a book title that would appear capitalized even in running text for common disambiguation words see user jarry1250 findings hatnotes shortcuts wp dablink wp dablinks for broader coverage of this topic see wikipedia hatnote wp dablink redirects here for links to disambiguation pages see links to disambiguation pages users searching for what turns out to be an ambiguous term may not reach the article they expected therefore any article with an ambiguous title should contain helpful links to alternative wikipedia articles or disambiguation pages placed at the top of the article using one or more of the templates shown below disambiguation hatnotes are not article content they are associated with the title rather than any article topic content in some cases there are multiple templates available one including and another omitting information about the topic of the article the shorter hatnote may be chosen if omitting the information is not likely to confuse the reader on a primary topic page for a term that has one secondary topic only no disambiguation page type about topic topic 2 article 2 to produce this page is about topic for topic 2 see article 2 type for topic 2 article 2 to produce for topic 2 see article 2 on a secondary topic page for a term that has one other topic only no disambiguation page as above but consider whether the hatnote is really necessary see the first of the usage guidelines below on a primary topic page that has an associated disambiguation page type about topic to produce this page is about topic for other uses see article name disambiguation type other uses to produce for other uses see article name disambiguation or if the disambiguation page is not in the default location type other uses name to produce for other uses see name when the primary topic redirects to another page if there is onl...