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usehold devices reading the discs 25 the first true digital camera was created in 1988 and the first were marketed in december 1989 in japan and in 1990 in the united states 26 by the mid 2000s they had eclipsed traditional film in popularity digital ink was also invented in the late 1980s disney s caps system created 1988 was used for a scene in 1989 s the little mermaid and for all their animation films between 1990 s the rescuers down under and 2004 s home on the range 1989 2005 invention of the world wide web mainstreaming of the internet web 1 0 edit see also fifth generation of video game consoles and sixth generation of video game consoles tim berners lee invented the world wide web in 1989 the first public digital hdtv broadcast was of the 1990 world cup that june it was played in 10 theaters in spain and italy however hdtv did not become a standard until the mid 2000s outside japan the world wide web became publicly accessible in 1991 which had been available only to government and universities 27 in 1993 marc andreessen and eric bina introduced mosaic the first web browser capable of displaying inline images 28 and the basis for later browsers such as netscape navigator and internet explorer stanford federal credit union was the first financial institution to offer online internet banking services to all of its members in october 1994 29 in 1996 op financial group also a cooperative bank became the second online bank in the world and the first in europe 30 the internet expanded quickly and by 1996 it was part of mass culture and many businesses listed websites in their ads by 1999 almost every country had a connection and nearly half of americans and people in several other countries used the internet on a regular basis however throughout the 1990s getting online entailed complicated configuration and dial up was the only connection type affordable by individual users the present day mass internet culture was not possible in 1989 about 15 of all households in the united states owned a personal computer 31 for households with children nearly 30 owned a computer in 1989 and in 2000 65 owned one cell phones became as ubiquitous as computers by the early 2000s with movie theaters beginning to show ads telling people to silence their phones they also became much more advanced than phones of the 1990s most of which only took calls or at most allowed for the playing of simple games text messaging existed in the 1990s but was not widely used until the early 2000s when it became a cultural phenomenon the digital revolution became truly global in this time as well after revolutionizing society in the developed world in the 1990s the digital revolution spread to the masses in the developing world in the 2000s by 2000 a majority of u s households had at least one personal computer and internet access the following year 32 in 2002 a majority of u s survey respondents reported having a mobile phone 33 2005 present web 2 0 social media smartphones digital tv edit main articles web 2 0 social media smartphone digital terrestrial television digital television transition video game industry seventh generation of video game consoles eighth generation of video game consoles and ninth generation of video game consoles in late 2005 the population of the internet reached 1 billion 34 and 3 billion people worldwide used cell phones by the end of the decade hdtv became the standard television broadcasting format in many countries by the end of the decade in september and december 2006 respectively luxembourg and the netherlands became the first countries to completely transition from analog to digital television in september 2007 a majority of u s survey respondents reported having broadband internet at home 35 according to estimates from the nielsen media research approximately 45 7 million u s households in 2006 or approximately 40 percent of approximately 114 4 million owned a dedicated home video game console 36 37 and by 2015 51 percent of u s households owned a dedicated home video game console according to an entertainment software association annual industry report 38 39 by 2012 over 2 billion people used the internet twice the number using it in 2007 cloud computing had entered the mainstream by the early 2010s in january 2013 a majority of u s survey respondents reported owning a smartphone 40 by 2016 half of the world s population was connected 41 and as of 2020 that number has risen to 67 42 rise in digital technology use of computers 1980 2020 edit further information history of the internet analog to digital transition 1986 2014 in the late 1980s less than 1 of the world s technologically stored information was in digital format while it was 94 in 2007 with more than 99 by 2014 43 it is estimated that the world s capacity to store information has increased from 2 6 optimally compressed exabytes in 1986 to some 5 000 exabytes in 2014 5 zettabytes 43 44 1990 edit cell phone subscribers 12 5 million 0 25 of world population in 1990 45 internet users 2 8 million 0 05 of world population in 1990 46 2000 edit cell phone subscribers 1 5 billion 19 of world population in 2002 46 internet users 631 million 11 of world population in 2002 46 2010 edit cell phone subscribers 4 billion 68 of world population in 2010 47 internet users 1 8 billion 26 6 of world population in 2010 41 2020 edit cell phone subscribers 4 78 billion 62 of world population in 2020 48 internet users 4 54 billion 59 of world population in 2020 49 a university computer lab containing many desktop pcs converted technologies edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed april 2020 learn how and when to remove this template message conversion of below analog technologies to digital the decade indicated is the period when digital became dominant form analog computer to digital computer 1950s telex to fax 1980s phonograph cylinder gramophone record and compact cassette to compact disc 1980s and 1990s although sales of vinyl records have increased again in the 2010s among antique collectors vhs to dvd 2000s analog photography photographic plate and photographic film to digital photography 2000s analog cinematography film stock to digital cinematography 2010s analog compact cassette in background with digital umd and minidisc in foreground analog television to digital television 2010s analog radio to digital radio 2020s expected analog mobile phone 1g to digital mobile phone 2g 1990s analog watch and clock to digital watch and clock not yet predictable analog thermometer to digital thermometer 2010s offset printing to digital printing 2020s expected decline or disappearance of below analog technologies mail parcel to continue others to be discontinued 2020s expected citation needed telegram 2010s typewriter 2010s disappearance of other technologies also attributed to digital revolution analog digital classification doesn t apply to these crt 2010s plasma display 2010s ccfl backlit lcds 2010s improvements in digital technologies desktop computer to laptop to tablet computer dvd to blu ray disc to 4k blu ray disc 2g to 3g to 4g to 5g mobile phone to smartphone 2010s digital watch to smartwatch analog weighing scale to digital weighing scale technological basis edit the basic building block of the digital revolution is the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor mosfet or mos transistor 50 which is the most widely manufactured device in history 51 it is the basis of every microprocessor memory chip and telecommunication circuit in commercial use 52 mosfet scaling rapid miniaturization of mos transistors has been largely responsible for enabling moore s law which predicted that transistor counts would increase at an exponential pace 53 54 55 following the development of the digital personal computer mos microprocessors and memory chips with their steadily increasing performance and storage have enabled computer technology to be embedded into a huge range of objects from cameras to personal music players also important was the development of transmission technologies including computer networking the internet and digital broadcasting 3g phones whose social penetration grew exponentially in the 2000s also played a very large role in the digital revolution as they simultaneously provide ubiquitous entertainment communications and online connectivity socio economic impact edit part of a series on sociology history outline index key themes society globalization human behavior human environmental impact identity industrial revolutions 3 4 social complexity social construct social environment social equality social equity social power social stratification social structure perspectives conflict theory critical theory structural functionalism positivism social constructionism symbolic interactionism branches aging architecture art astrosociology body criminology consciousness culture death demography deviance disaster economic education emotion jealousy environmental family feminist fiscal food gender generations health historical immigration industrial internet jewry knowledge language law leisure literature marxist mathematic medical military music peace war and social conflict philosophy political public punishment race and ethnicity religion rural science history of science social movements social psychology sociocybernetics sociology space sport technology terrorism urban utopian victimology visual methods quantitative qualitative comparative computational ethnographic conversation analysis historical interview mathematical network analysis social experiment survey people east asia 1900s fei xiaotong south asia 1800s g s ghurye 1900s irawati karve m n srinivas middle east 1400s ibn khaldun europe 1700s auguste comte emmanuel joseph sieyès 1800s émile durkheim harriet martineau karl marx georg simmel herbert spencer ferdinand tönnies max weber 1900s michel foucault jürgen habermas north america 1800s jane addams ernest burgess w e b du bois george herbert mead thorstein veblen 1900s james coleman patricia hill collins erving goffman paul lazarsfeld charles wright mills robert k merton theda skocpol dorothy e smith lists bibliography terminology journals organizations people timeline by country society portal wikiproject sociology v t e positive aspects include greater interconnectedness easier communication and the exposure of information that in the past could have more easily been suppressed by totalitarian regimes michio kaku wrote in his books physics of the future that the failure of the soviet coup of 1991 was due largely to the existence of technology such as the fax machine and computers that exposed classified information the revolutions of 2011 were enabled by social networking and smartphone technology however these revolutions in hindsight largely failed to reach their goals as hardcore islamist governments and in syria a civil war have formed in the absence of the dictatorships that were toppled the economic impact of the digital revolution has been wide ranging without the world wide web www for example globalization and outsourcing would not be nearly as feasible as they are today the digital revolution radically changed the way individuals and companies interact small regional companies were suddenly given access to much larger markets concepts such as on demand software services and manufacturing and rapidly dropping technology costs made possible innovations in all aspects of industry and everyday life after initial concerns of an it productivity paradox evidence is mounting that digital technologies have significantly increased the productivity and performance of businesses 56 the digital transformation allowed technology to continuously adapt which resulted in a boost in the economy with an increase of productivity with the increase of technical advances digital revolution has created a demand for new job skills economically retailers trucking companies and banks have transitioned into digital format in addition the introduction of cryptocurrency like bitcoin creates faster and secure transactions 57 negative effects include information overload internet predators forms of social isolation and media saturation in a poll of prominent members of the national news media 65 percent said the internet is hurting journalism more than it is helping 58 by allowing anyone no matter how amateur and unskilled to become a journalist causing information to be muddier and the rise of conspiracy theory in a way it didn t exist in the past in some cases company employees pervasive use of portable digital devices and work related computers for personal use email instant messaging computer games were often found to or perceived to reduce those companies productivity personal computing and other non work related digital activities in the workplace thus helped lead to stronger forms of privacy invasion such as keystroke recording and information filtering applications spyware and content control software information sharing and privacy edit privacy in general became a concern during the digital revolution the ability to store and utilize such large amounts of diverse information opened possibilities for tracking of individual activities and interests libertarians and privacy rights advocates feared the possibility of an orwellian future where centralized power structures control the populace via automatic surveillance and monitoring of personal information in such programs as the cia s information awareness office 59 consumer and labor advocates opposed the ability to direct market to individuals discriminate in hiring and lending decisions invasively monitor employee behavior and communications and generally profit from involuntarily shared personal information citation needed the internet especially the www in the 1990s opened whole new avenues for communication and information sharing the ability to easily and rapidly share information on a global scale brought with it a whole new level of freedom of speech individuals and organizations were suddenly given the ability to publish on any topic to a global audience at a negligible cost particularly in comparison to any previous communication technology citation needed large cooperative projects could be endeavored e g open source software projects seti home communities of like minded individuals were formed e g myspace tribe net small regional companies were suddenly given access to a larger marketplace citation needed in other cases special interest groups as well as social and religious institutions found much of the content objectionable even dangerous many parents and religious organizations became alarmed by pornography being more readily available to minors in other circumstances the proliferation of information on such topics as child pornography building bombs committing acts of ter...