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the (206), file (195), and (97), #manager (55), managers (45), with (38), directory (38), for (36), files (32), from (30), commander (28), system (25), edit (23), user (21), windows (20), that (20), are (19), this (18), retrieved (17), spatial (17), panel (17), was (15), articles (15), which (15), may (14), one (14), orthodox (14), based (14), can (14), web (13), navigational (13), all (12), dos (12), source (12), some (12), pane (12), command (12), other (11), systems (11), flist (11), interface (11), they (11), window (11), line (11), panels (11), active (11), wikipedia (10), examples (10), norton (10), editor (10), directories (10), features (9), operations (9), path (9), finder (9), explorer (9), have (9), two (9), program (9), about (8), use (8), links (8), contents (8), menu (8), list (8), transfer (8), shell (8), archived (8), original (8), also (8), such (8), location (8), via (8), using (7), current (7), more (7), not (7), hidden (7), 2010 (7), filesystem (7), attributes (7), 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Text of the page (random words):
ing area for delete and rename operations while the passive panel serves as a target for copy and move operations panels may be shrunk exposing the terminal window hidden behind them normally only the last line of the terminal window the command line is visible they provide close integration with an underlying os shell via command line using the associated terminal window that permits viewing the results of executing shell commands entered on the command line e g via ctrl o shortcut in norton commander they provide the user with extensive keyboard shortcuts the file manager frees the user from having to use the mouse users can create their own file associations and scripts that are invoked for certain file types and organize these scripts into a hierarchical tree e g as a user script library or user menu citation needed users can extend the functionality of the manager via a so called user menu or start menu and extensions menu other common features include information on the active and passive panels may be used for constructing commands on the command line examples include current file path to left panel path to right panel etc they provide a built in viewer for at least the most basic file types they have a built in editor in many cases the editor can extract certain elements of the panels into the text being edited many support virtual file systems vfs such as viewing compressed archives or working with files via an ftp connection they often have the word commander in the name after norton commander path shows the source destination location of the directory in use information about directory size disk usage and disk name usually at the bottom of the panels panel with information about file name extension date and time of creation last modification and permissions attributes info panel with the number of files in directory and the sum of the sizes of selected files tabbed interface usually in gui file managers function keys f1 f10 have all the same functions under all orthodox file managers examples f5 always copies file s from the active to the inactive panel while f6 moves the file tabbed panels edit the introduction of tabbed panels in some file managers for example total commander made it possible to manipulate more than one active and passive directory at a time portability edit orthodox file managers 20 are among the most portable file managers examples are available on almost any platform with both command line and graphical interfaces this is unusual among command line managers in that something purporting to be a standard for the interface is published they are also actively supported by developers this makes it possible to do the same work on different platforms without much relearning of the interface dual pane managers edit sometimes they are called dual pane managers a term that is typically used for programs such as the windows file explorer see below but they have three panes including a command line pane below or hidden behind two symmetric panes furthermore most of these programs allow using just one of the two larger panes with the second hidden some also add an item to the context menu in windows to open two explorers side by side notable ones include altap salamander commander one demos commander directory opus dos navigator dn and derivatives double commander emelfm2 far manager file commander fman forklift gnome commander krusader midnight commander mc mucommander norton commander nc pathminder ranger se explorer total commander volkov commander vc winscp xtree ztreewin navigational file manager edit file manager in windows 10 displaying the contents of partition x nemo a navigational file manager is a newer type of file manager since the advent of guis it has become the dominant type of file manager for desktop computers 21 better source needed typically it has two panes with the filesystem tree in the left pane and the contents of the current directory in the right pane for macos the miller columns view in finder originating in nextstep is a variation on the navigational file manager theme dubious discuss the miller column browser from gnustep is a type of navigational file manager concepts edit the window displays the location currently being viewed the location being viewed the current directory can be changed by the user by opening directories pressing a back button typing a location or using the additional pane with the navigation tree representing all or part of the filesystem icons represent files programs and directories the interface in a navigational file manager often resembles a web browser complete with back and forward buttons and often reload buttons most also contain an address bar into which the file or directory path or uri can be typed most navigational file managers have two panes the left pane being a tree view of the filesystem this means that unlike orthodox file managers the two panes are asymmetrical in their content and use selecting a directory in the navigation pane on the left designates it as the current directory displaying its contents in the contents pane on the right however expanding or collapsing a portion of the tree without selecting a directory will not alter the contents of the right pane the exception to this behavior applies when collapsing a parent of the current directory in which case the selection is refocused on the collapsed parent directory thus altering the list in the contents pane the process of moving from one location to another need not open a new window several instances of the file manager can be opened simultaneously and communicate with each other via drag and drop and clipboard operations so it is possible to view several directories simultaneously and perform cut and paste operations between instances file operations are based on drag and drop and editor metaphors users can select and copy files or directories onto the clipboard and then paste them in a different place in the filesystem or even in a different instance of the file manager notable examples of navigational file managers include directory opus dolphin in kde dos shell in ms dos pc dos file manager in windows macos finder nautilus in gnome default since v2 30 file explorer windows explorer pc shell in pc tools viewmax in dr dos xtree ztreewin spatial file manager edit the nautilus file manager had a spatial mode which was removed with the arrival of gnome and with it nautilus version 3 x each of these windows displays an open directory spatial file managers use a spatial metaphor to represent files and directories as if they were actual physical objects a spatial file manager imitates the way people interact with physical objects some ideas behind the concept of a spatial file manager are a single window represents each opened directory each window is unambiguously and irrevocably tied to a particular directory stability files directories and windows go where the user moves them stay where the user puts them preserve their spatial state and retain all their other physical characteristics such as size shape color and location the same item can only be viewed in one window at a time as in navigational file managers when a directory is opened the icon representing the directory changes perhaps from an image showing a closed drawer to an opened one perhaps the directory s icon turns into a silhouette filled with a pattern and a new window is opened to represent that directory examples of file managers that use a spatial metaphor to some extent include apple s finder 5 to 9 konqueror has the option to turn into spatial mode risc os filer amiga s workbench gnome s nautilus from version 2 6 default until 2 29 completely removed in 3 0 mate s caja though the default mode is navigational beos s tracker haiku s tracker os 2 s workplace shell digital research s gem implemented in atari tos and as a somewhat reduced version for pcs rox filer file manager rox desktop e17 file manager dysfunctional spatial file managers windows explorer in windows 95 was set as a spatial file manager model by default because it also worked as a navigational file manager directories could be opened in multiple windows which made it fail all the above criteria later versions gradually abandoned the spatial model apple s finder in macos was designed with a similar integration of spatial and navigational modes meaning that the spatial mode did not actually work 22 3d file managers edit this section may contain indiscriminate excessive or irrelevant examples please improve the article by adding more descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples see wikipedia s guide to writing better articles for further suggestions september 2013 file system visualizer one example of a 3d file manager in cubix files sharing the same attributes are represented by cubes in a 3d environment some projects have attempted to implement a three dimensional method of displaying files and directory structures three dimensional file browsing has not become popular the exact implementation tends to differ between projects and there are no common standards to follow examples of three dimensional file managers include fsn for silicon graphics irix systems notably featured prominently in one scene from the film jurassic park as a representation of unix systems file system visualizer or fsv an open source clone of fsn for modern unix like systems tdfsb 23 an open source 3d file browser where one enters directories by flying into them using wasd runs on linux freebsd and beos bumptop a file manager using a three dimensional representation of a desktop with realistic physics intended for use with a stylus and touchscreen real desktop 24 a desktop replacement with similarities to bumptop cubix 3d filer 25 is a windows file manager which organizes files according to different attributes gophervr a 3d visualisation of networked gopher resources web based file managers edit web based file managers are typically scripts written in either php ajax perl asp or another server side language when installed on a local server or on a remote server they allow files and directories located there to be managed and edited using a web browser without the need for ftp access more advanced and usually commercially distributed web based file management scripts allow the administrator of the file manager to configure secure individual user accounts each with individual account permissions authorized users have access to documents stored on the server or in their individual user directories anytime from anywhere via a web browser a web based file manager can serve as an organization s digital repository for example documents digital media publishing layouts and presentations can be stored managed and shared between customers suppliers and remote workers or just internally web based file managers are becoming increasingly popular due to the rise in popularity of dynamic web content management systems cms and the need for non technical website moderators to manage media on their websites powered by these platforms an example is net2ftp a php and javascript based ftp client file picker edit main article file dialog operating systems typically ship a file picker which allows specifying in which location to save a file usually accessed through the save as option in software and where to open a file from sometimes a folder is selected instead of a file or destination path some file pickers also allow file management to some degree such as searching moving copying renaming and copying the path to clipboard some software might have a customized file picker see also edit batch renaming comparison of file managers disk space analyzer desktop metaphor spatial navigation references edit 6 ways to copy files faster in windows 10 makeuseof 15 december 2019 retrieved 13 march 2022 all about windows 8 filename collisions and copy move dialog box 2012 03 06 archived from the original on 5 january 2014 retrieved 2022 03 13 the ftp file manager filezilla includes the options overwrite if the source is newer overwrite if different size and overwrite if differenz size or source newer kugell stanley g 1974 saildart 1974 08 stanford artificial intelligence lab dart dump and restore technique archive archived from the original on 2015 09 03 retrieved 2014 02 19 saildart username key for above archived 2015 09 03 at the wayback machine abstract for dired 3 05 ded directory editor daney charles 1983 cms architecture and interactive computing pdf proceedings of share 61 vol 1 share inc discussion of vm cms flist showing screenshot archived from the original on 2007 08 31 retrieved 2007 08 20 textual description of vm cms flist archived from the original on 2008 01 30 retrieved 2007 08 20 email by theo alkema to lynn wheeler 1978 10 10 retrieved 2008 01 31 flist ibm comment on original author of fulist archived from the original on 2007 09 27 description of filelist 8 february 1999 user comparing flist to filelist flist file manager for vax vms user comparing fulist and flist fulist for unix archived from the original on 2001 04 29 ofm standards home of the ofm standard file managers to fit your every need techopedia com retrieved 2020 05 23 siracusa john 2007 10 28 mac os x 10 5 leopard the ars technica review the finder an application divided against itself retrieved 2008 04 20 tdfsb real desktop retrieved august 25 2010 product homepage cubix 3d filer retrieved may 28 2013 the cubix project homepage external links edit file manager at curlie the orthodox file manager ofm paradigm the history of development of norton commander by nikolai bezroukov softpanorama org 2009 retrieved 2010 12 26 less is more a rich functionality behind spartan interface of orthodox file managers by nikolai bezroukov softpanorama org 2012 retrieved 2012 12 15 about the finder by john siracusa ars technica 2003 retrieved 2010 12 26 the spatial way by colin charles 2004 retrieved 2010 12 26 dired directory editor archived from the original on 2008 04 03 retrieved 2010 12 26 flist section 4 3 2 2 3 in introduction to ibm cms users manual department of computer science university of regina saskatchewan canada retrieved 2010 12 26 v t e file managers comparison unix like emelfm2 gentoo gnome commander gnome files konqueror krusader nemo nnn pcmanfm ranger spacefm thunar xfe dos dos navigator dos shell norton commander pathminder pc shell viewmax volkov commander xtree os 2 etc dos navigator norton commander windows official file manager file explorer windows explorer unofficial altap salamander directory opus dos navigator explorer far manager norton commander stdu explorer total commander winscp xplorer² xtree xyplorer ztreewin macintosh oss classic mac os finder macos commander one finder forklift path finder xfile beos etc opentracker tracker cross platform dired dolphin double commander file commander fman graphics environment manager midnight commander mucommander v t e computer files types bin...