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history 2 generations toggle generations subsection 2 1 first generation 2 2 second generation 2 3 third generation 3 hardware 4 security and privacy 5 impact 6 see also 7 references 8 external links toggle the table of contents touch id 22 languages català čeština deutsch eesti español فارسی français 한국어 հայերեն italiano עברית қазақша മലയാളം nederlands 日本語 oʻzbekcha ўзбекча português русский türkçe українська tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url download qr code wikidata item print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from touchid electronic fingerprint recognition feature by apple logo used by apple touch id module of an iphone 6s touch id is an electronic fingerprint recognition feature designed and released by apple inc that allows users to unlock devices make purchases in the various apple digital media stores itunes store app store and apple books store and authenticate apple pay online or in apps it can also be used to lock and unlock password protected notes on iphone and ipad touch id was first introduced in iphones with the iphone 5s in 2013 1 in 2015 apple introduced a faster second generation touch id in the iphone 6s a year later in 2016 it made its laptop debut in the macbook pro integrated on the right side of the touch bar touch id has been used on all ipads since the ipad air 2 was introduced in 2014 in macbooks each user account can have up to three fingerprints and a total of five fingerprints across the system 2 fingerprint information is stored locally in a secure enclave on the apple a7 and later chips not in the cloud a design choice intended to secure fingerprint information from users or malicious attackers apple retained touch id on iphone 8 2nd generation iphone se 3rd generation iphone se and the base model ipads while all other iphones since the iphone x in 2017 and the higher end ipad pro have adopted face id recognition the touch id sensor has been integrated with the sleep wake button on several ipads the 4th 5th and 6th generation ipad air 6th generation ipad mini and the 10th generation ipad in 2020 2021 and 2022 apple unveiled a new magic keyboard with optional touch id for its line of imacs mac studios and mac minis and also the macbook pro history edit the iphone 5s pictured was the first model with a touch id sensor integrated with its home button in 2012 apple acquired authentec a company focused on fingerprint reading and identification management software for 356 million 3 the acquisition led commentators to expect a fingerprint reading feature 3 4 following leaks and speculation in early september the next year 5 6 the iphone 5s was unveiled on september 10 2013 and was the first phone on a major us carrier to feature the technology 7 apple s vice president of marketing phil schiller announced the feature at apple s iphone media event and spent several minutes the major portion of the conference discussing the feature wells fargo analyst maynard um predicted on september 4 2013 that a fingerprint sensor in the iphone 5s would help mobile commerce and boost adoption in the corporate environment 8 as consumers increasingly rely on mobile devices to transact and store personal data a reliable device side authentication solution may become a necessity um said 8 with the unveiling of the iphone 6 and 6 plus at a keynote event on september 9 2014 touch id was expanded from being used to unlock the device and authenticating app store purchases to also authenticating apple pay the iphone 6s incorporates a second generation touch id sensor that is up to twice as fast as the first generation sensor found in the 5s 6 and se 1st generation phones as of august 2022 the iphone 6s 6s plus 7 7 plus 8 8 plus se 2nd generation se 3rd generation 2016 and later macbook pro 2018 and later macbook air ipad pro 2nd generation and later ipad air 3rd generation and later and ipad mini 5th generation or later are the apple devices which use the second generation sensor the new touch id unlocks almost instantly and posed an issue as it unlocks too fast to read notifications on the lock screen this is remedied with the ios 10 update in which a user must press the home button to have the home screen appear this however can be changed in ios settings so that users can go directly to the home screen after resting their finger on the sensor similar to previous versions of ios solely placing a finger on the sensor will only unlock the iphone unless said setting is enabled and no notifications are currently being displayed on the lock screen generations edit first generation edit model announced iphone 5s september 10 2013 iphone se 1st generation march 21 2016 iphone 6 6 plus september 9 2014 ipad pro 12 9 inch 9 september 9 2015 ipad pro 9 7 inch 9 march 21 2016 ipad air 2 9 october 16 2014 ipad mini 3 ipad mini 4 9 september 9 2015 ipad 5th generation march 24 2017 ipad 6th generation march 27 2018 ipad 7th generation september 10 2019 ipad 8th generation september 15 2020 ipad 9th generation september 14 2021 second generation edit model announced iphone 6s 6s plus september 9 2015 iphone 7 7 plus september 7 2016 iphone 8 8 plus september 12 2017 ipad pro 2nd generation june 5 2017 ipad air 3rd generation march 18 2019 ipad mini 5th generation iphone se 2nd generation april 15 2020 iphone se 3rd generation march 8 2022 macbook pro 13 inch 2016 four thunderbolt 3 ports october 27 2016 macbook pro 15 inch 2016 macbook pro 13 inch 2017 four thunderbolt 3 ports june 5 2017 macbook pro 15 inch 2017 macbook pro 13 inch 2018 four thunderbolt 3 ports july 12 2018 macbook pro 15 inch 2018 macbook air retina 13 inch 2018 october 30 2018 macbook pro 13 inch 2019 four thunderbolt 3 ports may 21 2019 macbook pro 15 inch 2019 macbook air retina 13 inch 2019 july 9 2019 macbook pro 16 inch 2019 november 13 2019 macbook air retina 13 inch 2020 march 18 2020 macbook pro 13 inch 2020 four thunderbolt 3 ports may 4 2020 macbook air m1 2020 november 10 2020 macbook pro 13 inch m1 2020 macbook pro 14 inch 2021 october 18 2021 macbook pro 16 inch 2021 imac 24 inch m1 2021 apr 20 2021 magic keyboard with touch id magic keyboard with touch id and numeric keypad macbook air m2 2022 june 6 2022 macbook pro m2 2022 macbook pro 14 inch 2023 january 17 2023 macbook pro 16 inch 2023 macbook air 15 inch m2 2023 june 5 2023 imac 24 inch m3 2023 october 30 2023 macbook pro 14 inch nov 2023 macbook pro 16 inch nov 2023 macbook air 13 inch m3 2024 march 4 2024 macbook air 15 inch m3 2024 third generation edit model announced ipad air 4th generation september 15 2020 ipad mini 6th generation september 14 2021 ipad air 5th generation march 8 2022 ipad 10th generation october 18 2022 ipad air 6th generation may 7 2024 hardware edit components of touch id touch id is built into the home top button which is built of laser cut 10 sapphire crystal and does not scratch easily scratching would prevent touch id from working 11 it features a stainless steel detection ring to detect the user s finger without pressing it there is no longer a rounded square icon in the home button nor is it concave the sensor uses capacitive touch to detect the user s fingerprint 11 the sensor has a thickness of 170 μm with 500 pixels per inch resolution the user s finger can be oriented in any direction and it will still be read 3 apple says it can read sub epidermal skin layers 12 and it will be easy to set up and will improve with every use 10 the sensor passes a small current through one s finger to create a fingerprint map of the user s dermis up to 5 fingerprint maps can be stored in the secure enclave security and privacy edit touch id prompts on opening screens of the microsoft applications onedrive left and outlook right in ios 11 touch id can be bypassed using passcodes set up by the user 13 fingerprint data are stored on the secure enclave inside the apple a7 a8 a8x a9 a9x a10 a10x a11 a12 a12x a13 a14 a15 a16 a17 pro processors of an ios device or the t1 t2 on intel macs and m1 m2 m3 in the case of macs with apple silicon and ipad pro released in 2021 and later ipad air released in 2022 and later and not on apple servers nor on icloud from the efficient texture comparison patent 14 covering apple s touch id technology in order to overcome potential security drawbacks apple s invention includes a process of collapsing the full maps into a sort of checksum hash function or histogram for example each encrypted ridge map template can have some lower resolution pattern computed and associated with the ridge map one exemplary pattern could be a histogram of e g the most common angles e g a 2 dimensional 2d array of common angles the exemplary pattern could include in each slot an average value over a respective vector of the map the exemplary pattern could include in each slot a sum of the values over a respective vector of the map the exemplary pattern could include the smallest or largest value within a respective vector of the map or could be a difference between a largest and a smallest value within the respective vector of the map numerous other exemplary embodiments are also possible and any other exemplary pattern calculation can be used where the exemplary pattern includes enough associated information to narrow the candidate list while omitting enough associated information that the unsecured pattern cannot or cannot easily be reverse engineered into a matching texture if the user s phone has been rebooted has not been unlocked for 48 hours has its sim card removed or has emergency sos activated only the passcode a user has created not their fingerprint can be used to unlock the device or during other specific use cases 15 16 in september 2013 the german chaos computer club announced that it had bypassed apple s touch id security a spokesman for the group stated we hope that this finally puts to rest the illusions people have about fingerprint biometrics it is plain pity to use something that you can t change and that you leave everywhere every day as a security token 17 18 similar results have been achieved by using pva glue to take a cast of the finger 19 others have also used chaos computer club s method but concluded that it is not an easy process in either time or effort given that the user has to use a high resolution photocopy of a complete fingerprint special chemicals and expensive equipment and because the spoofing process takes some time to achieve 20 impact edit in a 2013 new york magazine opinion piece technology columnist kevin roose argued that consumers are generally not interested in fingerprint recognition preferring to use passcodes instead traditionally he wrote only businesspeople used biometric recognition although they believe touch id may help bring fingerprint recognition to the masses roose stated the feature will also allow application developers to experiment should apple open up access to touch id later on which they have done but that those wary of surveillance agencies such as the us national security agency may still choose not to use touch id 21 roose also noted that fingerprint technology still has some issues such as the potential to be hacked or of the device s not recognizing the fingerprint for example when the finger has been injured 21 adrian kingsley hughes writing for zdnet said touch id could be useful in bring your own device situations he said the biometric protection adds another layer of security removing the ability of people to look over others shoulders and read their passcode password he added that touch id would prevent children from racking up thousands of dollars in unwanted purchases when using iphones owned by adults he observed that touch id was apple s response to the large number of iphone crimes and that the new feature would deter would be iphone thieves moreover he notes that the feature is one of the few that distinguish the iphone 5s from the 5c 22 roose also stated the feature is intended to deter theft 21 however brent kennedy a vulnerability analyst at the united states computer emergency readiness team expressed concern that touch id could be hacked and suggested that people not rely on it right away 23 forbes noted a history of fingerprints being spoofed in the past and cautioned that the fingerprints on a stolen iphone might be used to gain unauthorized access however the article did say that biometrics technology had improved since tests on spoofing fingerprint readers had been conducted 23 kingsley hughes suggested the touch id as a form of two factor authentication combining something one knows the password with something you are the fingerprint 22 forbes said that if two factor authentication is available it will be an overall improvement for security 23 forbes columnist andy greenberg said the fact that fingerprint data was stored on the local device and not in a centralized database was a win for security 24 see also edit face id references edit everything you need to know about iphone 5s s touch id fingerprint sensor iphone hacks 1 iphone ipad ios blog 2013 09 10 retrieved 2020 12 07 about touch id advanced security technology apple support 11 september 2017 a b c rosenblatt seth september 10 2013 iphone 5s comes with touch id fingerprint scanner cnet retrieved september 11 2013 valazco chris september 11 2013 apple s touch id is a 500ppi fingerprint sensor built into the iphone 5s home button techcrunch retrieved september 11 2013 iphone 5s une photo du bouton home avec lecteur d empreintes digitales iphone 5s a photo of the home button with fingerprint reader in french nowhereelse september 3 2013 retrieved september 11 2013 iphone 5s le lecteur d empreintes digitales confirmé iphone 5s the fingerprint reader confirmed in french nowhereelse september 10 2013 retrieved september 11 2013 newton casey september 10 2013 apple s new iphone will read your fingerprint the verge retrieved september 11 2013 a b hughes neil september 4 2013 fingerprint sensor in apple s iphone 5s predicted to boost mobile commerce enterprise adoption appleinsider retrieved september 11 2013 a b c d ipad compare models apple apple 2017 02 01 archived from the original on february 1 2017 retrieved 2020 06 15 a b apple announces iphone 5s the most forward thinking smartphone in the world the wall street journal september 10 2013 archived from the original on september 13 2013 retrieved september 11 2013 a b apple announces iphone 5s touch id fingerprint security 64 bit a7 cpu new gold option coming sept 20 appleinsider september 10 2013 retrieved september 11 2013 gilbert ben september 10 2013 iphone 5s fingerprint sensor called touch id recognizes your thumb...