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d specific features for example amazon web services provides the aws sdk for php 248 microsoft azure can be used with the windows azure sdk for php 249 numerous configuration options are supported affecting both core php features and extensions 250 251 configuration file php ini is searched for in different locations depending on the way php is used 252 the configuration file is split into various sections 253 while some of the configuration options can be also set within the web server configuration 254 use edit a broad overview of the lamp software bundle displayed here together with squid php is a general purpose scripting language that is especially suited to server side web development in which case php generally runs on a web server any php code in a requested file is executed by the php runtime usually to create dynamic web page content or dynamic images used on websites or elsewhere 255 it can also be used for command line scripting and client side graphical user interface gui applications php can be deployed on most web servers many operating systems and platforms and can be used with many relational database management systems rdbms most web hosting providers support php for use by their clients it is available free of charge and the php group provides the complete source code for users to build customize and extend for their own use 16 dynamic web page example of server side scripting php and mysql originally designed to create dynamic web pages php now focuses mainly on server side scripting 256 and it is similar to other server side scripting languages that provide dynamic content from a web server to a client such as microsoft s asp net sun microsystems javaserver pages 257 and mod_perl php has also attracted the development of many software frameworks that provide building blocks and a design structure to promote rapid application development rad some of these include prado cakephp symfony codeigniter laravel yii framework phalcon and laminas offering features similar to other web frameworks the lamp architecture has become popular in the web industry as a way of deploying web applications 258 php is commonly used as the p in this bundle alongside linux apache and mysql although the p may also refer to python perl or some mix of the three similar packages wamp and mamp are also available for windows and macos with the first letter standing for the respective operating system although both php and apache are provided as part of the macos base install users of these packages seek a simpler installation mechanism that can be more easily kept up to date for specific and more advanced usage scenarios php offers a well defined and documented way for writing custom extensions in c or c 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 besides extending the language itself in form of additional libraries extensions are providing a way for improving execution speed where it is critical and there is room for improvements by using a true compiled language 266 267 php also offers well defined ways for embedding itself into other software projects that way php can be easily used as an internal scripting language for another project also providing tight interfacing with the project s specific internal data structures 268 php received mixed reviews due to lacking support for multithreading at the core language level 269 though using threads is made possible by the pthreads pecl extension 270 271 a command line interface php cli and two activex windows script host scripting engines for php have been produced popularity and usage statistics edit php is used for web content management systems including mediawiki 272 wordpress 273 joomla 274 drupal 275 moodle 276 ez publish ez platform and silverstripe 277 as of january 2013 update php was used in more than 240 million websites 39 of those sampled and was installed on 2 1 million web servers 278 as of march 2021 update php was used as the server side programming language on 79 1 of websites down from 83 5 previously where the language could be determined and php 7 is the most used version of the language with 50 3 of all websites on the web using that version 279 security edit in 2019 11 of all vulnerabilities listed by the national vulnerability database were linked to php 280 historically about 30 of all vulnerabilities listed since 1996 in this database are linked to php technical security flaws of the language itself or of its core libraries are not frequent 22 in 2009 about 1 of the total although php applies to about 20 of programs listed 281 recognizing that programmers make mistakes some languages include taint checking to automatically detect the lack of input validation which induces many issues such a feature is being developed for php 282 but its inclusion into a release has been rejected several times in the past 283 284 there are advanced protection patches such as suhosin and hardening patch especially designed for web hosting environments 285 historically old versions of php had some configuration parameters and default values for such runtime settings that made some php applications prone to security issues among these magic_quotes_gpc and register_globals 286 configuration directives were the best known the latter made any url parameters become php variables opening a path for serious security vulnerabilities by allowing an attacker to set the value of any uninitialized global variable and interfere with the execution of a php script support for magic quotes and register globals settings has been deprecated since php 5 3 0 and removed from php 5 4 0 287 another example for the potential runtime settings vulnerability comes from failing to disable php execution for example by using the engine configuration directive 288 for the directory where uploaded files are stored enabling it can result in execution of malicious code embedded within the uploaded files 289 290 291 the best practice is to either locate the image directory outside of the document root available to the web server and serve it via intermediary script or disable php execution for the directory which stores the uploaded files also enabling the dynamic loading of php extensions via enable_dl configuration directive 292 in a shared web hosting environment can lead to security issues 293 294 implied type conversions that result in different values being treated as equal sometimes against the programmer s intent can lead to security issues for example the result of the comparison 0e1234 0 is true because strings that are parsable as numbers are converted to numbers in this case the first compared value is treated as scientific notation having the value 0 10 1234 which is zero errors like this resulted in authentication vulnerabilities in simple machines forum 295 typo3 296 and phpbb 297 when md5 password hashes were compared the recommended way is to use hash_equals for timing attack safety strcmp or the identity operator as 0e1234 0 results in false 298 in a 2013 analysis of over 170 000 website defacements published by zone h the most frequently 53 used technique was exploitation of file inclusion vulnerability mostly related to insecure usage of the php language constructs include require and allow_url_fopen 299 300 as of april 2021 update w3techs reports that 64 of websites using php use versions 7 2 or older which are no longer supported by the php development team with 35 of all php websites using version 5 6 or older 301 version 5 is still used by 24 5 of all the websites september 2021 302 it is highly recommended to migrate to php version 7 or 8 and use random_int instead of rand or mt_rand as the latter functions are not cryptographically secure there are two attacks that can be performed over php entropy sources seed attack and state recovery attack with current gpu technologies an attacker can perform up to 2 30 md5 calculations per second with a 250 gpu while with an additional 500 can reach up to 2 32 calculations 303 in combination with a birthday attack this can lead to serious security vulnerabilities see also edit computer programming portal free and open source software portal comparison of programming languages list of amp packages list of php accelerators list of php editors pear php extension and application repository php accelerator template processor xampp free and open source cross platform web server solution stack package zend server references edit a b lerdorf rasmus june 8 1995 announce personal home page tools php tools retrieved 7 june 2011 a b lerdorf rasmus 2007 04 26 php on hormones history of php presentation by rasmus lerdorf given at the mysql conference in santa clara california the conversations network archived from the original on 2019 01 06 retrieved 2009 12 11 php 8 2 0 released php function arguments manual secure php net php release archives museum museum php net stogov dmitry 2015 12 04 it s not a secret that some php7 optimization ideas came from hhvm luajit and v8 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