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hack programming language wikipedia 269 captures 24 mar 2014 17 sep 2026 nov dec jan 31 2021 2022 2023 success fail about this capture timestamps the wayback machine http web archive org web 20221231124033 https en wikipedia org wiki hack_ 28programming_language 29 hack programming language from wikipedia the free encyclopedia jump to navigation jump to search programming language not to be confused with haxe hacker or security hacker hack designed by julien verlaguet alok menghrajani drew paroski and others 1 developer meta platforms first appeared 2014 typing discipline static dynamic weak gradual os cross platform license mit license 2 website hacklang org influenced by php ocaml java c scala haskell hack is a programming language for the hiphop virtual machine hhvm created by meta as a dialect of php the language implementation is open source licensed under the mit license 2 3 4 hack allows programmers to use both dynamic typing and static typing this kind of a type system is called gradual typing which is also implemented in other programming languages such as actionscript 5 hack s type system allows types to be specified for function arguments function return values and class properties however types of local variables are always inferred and cannot be specified 3 6 contents 1 history 2 features 3 syntax and semantics 3 1 functions 4 see also 5 external links history edit hack was introduced on march 20 2014 7 before the announcement of the new programming language facebook had already implemented the code and tested it on a large portion of its web site features edit hack is designed to interoperate seamlessly with php which is a widely used open source scripting language that has a focus on web development and can be embedded into html a majority of valid php scripts are also valid in hack however numerous less frequently used php features and language constructs are not supported in hack 8 hack extends the type hinting available in php 5 through the introduction of static typing by adding new type hints for example for scalar types such as integer or string as well as by extending the use of type hints for example for class properties or function return values however types of local variables cannot be specified 6 since hack uses a gradual typing system in the default mode type annotations are not mandatory even in places they cannot be inferred the type system will assume the author is correct and admit the code 9 however a strict mode is available which requires such annotations and thus enforces fully sound code 10 syntax and semantics edit the basic file structure of a hack script is similar to a php script with a few changes a hack file does not include the php opening markup tag and forbids using top level declarations 11 code must be placed in an entrypoint function these are automatically executed if they are in the top level file but not if the file is included via include require or the autoloader like other functions in hack the function names must be unique within a project i e projects with multiple entrypoints can not call both main __entrypoint function main void echo hello world the above script similar to php will be executed and the following output is sent to the browser hello world unlike php hack and html code do not mix either xhp or another template engine needs to be used 8 functions edit like php 7 hack allows types to be specified for function arguments and function return values functions in hack are thus annotated with types like the following hack functions are annotated with types function negate bool x bool return x see also edit computer programming portal parrot virtual machine phalanger bryan o sullivan 2014 03 28 where credit belongs for hack archived from the original on 2021 03 01 retrieved 2019 02 06 a b facebook hhvm hhvm hphp hack license github com meta platforms 2018 04 11 archived from the original on 2019 01 07 retrieved 2019 02 06 a b josh lockhart 2014 04 03 facebook s hack hhvm and the future of php o reilly media archived from the original on 2019 01 07 retrieved 2019 02 06 cade metz 2014 03 20 facebook introduces hack the programming language of the future wired archived from the original on 2014 03 28 retrieved 2019 02 06 aseem rastogi avik chaudhuri basil hosmer january 2012 the ins and outs of gradual type inference pdf association for computing machinery acm archived pdf from the original on 2017 08 12 retrieved 2019 02 06 a b hack manual hack and hhvm type annotations docs hhvm com archived from the original on 2018 08 02 retrieved 2019 02 06 verlaguet julien menghrajani gandhi 2014 03 20 hack a new programming language for hhvm facebook archived from the original on 2019 02 09 retrieved 2019 02 06 a b inconsistencies introduction docs hhvm com archived from the original on 2019 04 04 retrieved 2019 04 04 hack manual partial mode docs hhvm com archived from the original on 2018 11 19 retrieved 2019 02 06 hack manual strict mode docs hhvm com archived from the original on 2018 11 19 retrieved 2019 02 06 emmott fred 2019 02 11 hhvm 4 0 0 hhvm com archived from the original on 2021 05 14 retrieved 2019 05 02 external links edit official website and language reference facebook q a hack brings static typing to php world a tutorial on converting an existing php project to hack kphp an executable formal semantics for php v t e programming languages comparison timeline history ada algol apl assembly basic c c c cobol erlang forth fortran go haskell java javascript kotlin lisp lua ml pascal perl php prolog python r ruby rust sql shell simula smalltalk swift more lists alphabetical categorical generational non english based category v t e php people andi gutmans rasmus lerdorf zeev suraski resources accelerator list composer editors libraries pear implementations hhvm hphpc parrot peachpie phalanger quercus zend engine web frameworks cakephp codeigniter drupal ez publish fat free fuelphp horde joomla laminas laravel li3 formerly lithium midgard modx nette framework phalcon pop php php fusion prado qcodo silex silverstripe symfony typo3 wordpress xoops yii zeta components testing behat phpunit orms doctrine propel ides aptana codelobster eclipse pdt netbeans phpedit phpstorm radphp zend studio widget toolkit php gtk wxphp category commons v t e meta platforms services facebook service features beacon bluetooth beacon credits dating edgerank feed gaming graph search instant articles like button live lookalike audience onion address platform connect safety check stories watch list of original programs zero other applications atlas solutions express wi fi giphy free basics instagram hyperlapse igtv list of most followed accounts list of most liked pictures messenger kids rooms mapillary oculus quest quest 2 rift cv1 s go touch portal whatsapp workplace zuck bucks former friendfeed home htc first m onavo paper slingshot tbh wirehog people founders mark zuckerberg 28 equity dustin moskovitz 7 eduardo saverin 5 formerly chris hughes 1 formerly andrew mccollum board current mark zuckerberg sheryl sandberg marc andreessen drew houston nancy killefer robert m kimmitt tony xu former peter thiel executive officers current mark zuckerberg chairman and ceo andrew bosworth cto chris cox cpo marne levine chief business officer nick clegg president of global affairs jennifer newstead chief legal officer former sean parker 4 formerly owen van natta gideon yu adam d angelo chris kelly bret taylor sheryl sandberg mike schroepfer david wehner david ebersman alex stamos notable employees current lars rasmussen graph search director naomi gleit vp of social good former blake ross director of product ted ullyot vp general counsel and secretary hugo barra vp of oculus vr john carmack cto of oculus vr matt cohler charlie cheever randi zuckerberg yishan wong george hotz joe lockhart andrei alexandrescu research scientist elliot schrage vp of global communications marketing and public policy open source apache cassandra apache hive apache thrift buck fql hack hhvm hiphop for php infer myrocks open compute project phabricator react react native rocksdb scribe telecom infra project tornado mass media the facebook effect the accidental billionaires the social network concepts activity stream social graph friending and following reblogging fan gating facebook diplomacy facebook like button business history timeline acquisitions f8 conference ipo censorship criticism cambridge analytica data scandal 2020 facebook ad boycotts 2021 facebook leak privacy content management litigation lists most followed facebook pages most viewed videos in the first 24 hours related priscilla chan wife of mark zuckerberg chan zuckerberg initiative aquila internet relay drone oversight board willow village wavegroup sound 2021 facebook outage retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title hack_ programming_language oldid 1130013318 categories 2014 software dynamically typed programming languages facebook php software programming languages created in 2014 scripting languages statically typed programming languages programming languages compiled to bytecode hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata official website different in wikidata and wikipedia navigation menu personal tools not logged in talk contributions create account log in namespaces article talk english views read edit view history more navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us donate contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file tools what links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information cite this page wikidata item print export download as pdf printable version languages العربية অসমীয়া বাংলা deutsch español فارسی français 한국어 հայերեն italiano nederlands 日本語 پښتو polski português русский suomi اردو tiếng việt 中文 edit links this page was last edited on 28 december 2022 at 06 07 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