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Text of the page (random words):
mail a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading galardón 28 dec 2018 7 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology germanic languages linguistics spanish language vocabulary galardón may deserve a galardón i e a reward a recompense for having changed so much from its ultimate source formerly gualardón the word was borrowed or more accurately garbled from a germanic form like withralaun which meant recompense to find the corresponding english term we begin with the old high german cognate widarlōn a compound of widar back against and lōn reward the first part is a cognate of native english with which preserves its original sense in verbs like withhold and withstand and in a statement like he got so angry at his boss that he fought with him medieval latin adopted the old high german term as widerd ō num with the change from l to d due to influence from latin d ō num gift old french borrowed the latin word and ended up phonetically simplifying it to guerdon which then passed into english granted guerdon is an uncommon word and rarely found outside old or old fashioned writing 2018 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading careening from carena to keel 13 dec 2018 8 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology french language germanic languages latin language linguistics spanish language vocabulary words when posting about an american snout butterfly recently i gave its scientific name libythaena carinenta later i wondered whether that species name might have been based on latin carīna meaning keel i still don t know the answer but i separately assumed spanish would have inherited the latin noun and in fact it did in the slightly different form carena however spanish carena doesn t mean the keel itself of a ship but rather in a definition from the drae parte sumergida del casco de un buque the submerged part of a ship s hull it can also mean the repair of a ship s hull to make it watertight that spanish carena looks a lot like english careen is not just a coincidence according to the american heritage dictionary the english word comes from the french phrase en carène on the keel whose main word came from carene which old french had borrowed from old italian carena from the original latin car ī na careen originated as a nautical term with the sense to incline to one side or lie over as a ship when sailing on a wind another nautical sense is to cause a vessel to lean over so that she floats on one side leaving the other side out of water and accessible for repairs below the water line from the first nautical meaning came the regular english senses to lurch or sway violently from side to side and to move swiftly in a controlled or an uncontrolled way if spanish carena doesn t mean keel per se how does spanish say that the word happens to be quilla which might make you think spanish had borrowed the term from english actually spanish took it from french quille it turns out that both the english and french versions trace back to the old norse word for keel kjölr those vikings careened from place to place no question about it 2018 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading ardido 29 jul 2018 14 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology french language germanic languages latin language spanish language vocabulary words spanish has two words ardido one is the past participle of arder to burn english speakers recognize it in the adjective ardent which has a figurative sense a similar metaphor has led spanish ardido to be used in some countries to mean burning with anger in other words angry enraged the present participle ardiente that corresponds to english ardent also appears in a figurative sense in aguardiente literally burning water but actually brandy compare the firewater that arose in the vocabulary of the algonquian indians once they were exposed to europeans alcoholic beverages the other spanish ardido means brave bold daring and not because the person being described that way has drunk too much firewater no this ardido came into spanish from a word in a germanic language related to native english hard the bold sense is clearer in english hardy perhaps surprisingly given how similar looking hard and hardy are the latter is not native english but was borrowed from old french which had taken the word from a germanic source closely related to this spanish ardido is the noun ardid which originally meant a risky venture but now has the sense of a ruse a trick going back to the burning ardido we note that spanish arder to burn developed from the synonymous latin ā rd ē re the root of the past participle ā rsus led to the late latin noun ā rsi ō n which via anglo norman has become english arson if there ever was a cognate of that in spanish it has apparently long since burned out 2018 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading braise 18 may 2018 12 comments by steve schwartzman in language tags english language etymology germanic languages spanish language vocabulary words the english verb braise means in the definition of merriam webster to cook slowly in fat and a small amount of liquid in a closed pot english acquired the word from the similar french verb braiser which comes from the noun braise that means glowing ember people have used coal and charcoal as heat sources to cook in various ways so it s not clear how braiser came to designate only one method in any case spanish speakers will recognize french braise as the cognate of the synonymous spanish brasa the french and spanish nouns are ultimately of germanic origin beyond that the american heritage dictionary follows the trail back to the prolific indo european root bhreu that meant to boil bubble effervesce burn and that had derivatives referring somewhat paradoxically to both cooking and brewing from brasa spanish has the brasero that the drae defines as a r ecipiente de metal ancho y hondo ordinariamente circular con borde en el cual se echan o se hacen brasas para calentarse english calls that a brazier or brasier 2018 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading skink 09 aug 2017 12 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology germanic languages linguistics spanish language vocabulary words the verb skink has largely disappeared from english here it is in chaucer bacchus the wine them skinketh all about in a play in the 1600s james shirley wrote of such wine as ganymede doth skink to jove those two examples appeared in the 1913 webster s dictionary which gave this definition to draw or serve as drink the word seems to have survived in scottish english with the online scots dictionary defining the verb as to pour liquid from one vessel or from a spoon or ladle into another in small quantities to mix liquids in that way here s the etymology given in wiktionary from old english scencan or old norse skenkja from proto germanic skankijaną cognate with german schenken to give as a present dutch schenken to pour give as a present the skink that is a type of lizard is an unrelated word at this point you re probably wondering what the connection to spanish could be it turns out that the gothic cognate of the verb skankjan got borrowed into spanish as escanciar which the drae defines as echar o servir una bebida especialmente vino sidra u otro licor to pour or serve a drink especially wine cider or other alcoholic beverage a person who performs that function is an escanciador and formerly an escanciano the abstract noun escancia designates the acción y efecto de escanciar 2017 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading putting up with throwing down the etymological gauntlet 30 jul 2017 6 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology french language germanic languages linguistics spanish language vocabulary words a gauntlet also spelled gantlet is literally a small glove though the sense in english was originally and still historically a part of a suit of armor that covers the forearm in modern english a gauntlet can be any sort of protective glove english took the word from old french gantelet a diminutive of gant that noun along with the synonymous spanish guante ultimately traces back to a frankish original presumed to have been want we should mention that spanish also borrowed from french the guantelete that designates part of a suit of armor we should point out in addition that the english gauntlet that appears in the phrase run the gauntlet is an unrelated word my guess is that even native spanish speakers probably don t connect guante with the aguantar that means to put up with to bear yet there is a connection spanish borrowed aguantar from italian agguantare a verb coined to express the notion of grabbing on to something while wearing gloves for protection the semantics then shifted metaphorically through get a hold of and deal with to the current senses of bear put up with 2017 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading what s good for the goose is good for the ganso 02 mar 2017 6 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology germanic languages linguistics spanish language vocabulary words if english goose and spanish ganso mean the same thing and look alike it s no coincidence according to the american heritage dictionary spanish acquired ganso from a germanic source akin to old high german gans a cognate of english goose the english word used to have an n in it and still does in the masculine version gander long after spanish borrowed ganso from germanic the borrowing may have gone the other way it s conjectured that the slang english term gonzo ultimately traces back to ganso following the semantic line that allows english to refer to someone as a silly goose if you re not familiar with gonzo the collins english dictionary defines it as 1 wild or crazy 2 of journalism explicitly including the writer s feelings at the time of witnessing the events or undergoing the experiences written about 2017 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading mitón 12 nov 2016 6 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology french language germanic languages linguistics spanish language vocabulary words in spanish a mitón is a type of glove that leaves the extremities of the fingers exposed gloves of that sort are helpful for people who want some protection from the elements but who need to maintain the dexterity that fingertips provide one sort of wearer that comes to mind is a nature photographer in winter the fact that a mitón is a kind of glove makes an english speaker think of the word mitten even if a mitten fully covers a hand might there nevertheless be a connection between the two words it turns out that spanish took its word straight from french miton french stresses an isolated word on its last syllable by the way so we have turn gallic for a bit french miton was based on the old french mite that meant glove and that generated with a different suffix the mitaine that means the same as spanish mitón english borrowed mitaine as mitten whose sense shifted to that of a glove that still dealt with different parts of the hand in distinct ways but now with the distinction being between the thumb and the other four fingers collectively many etymologists assume that the french mite which by itself and through its derivatives referred to gloves is the same mite that french speaking children use as an alternate name for a cat the idea being that a glove or mitten is as soft as a cat s fur english mitt by the way arose as a shortened form of mitten 2016 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading a foxy plant 27 aug 2015 4 comments by steve schwartzman in uncategorized tags english language etymology germanic languages spanish language vocabulary words the german noun fuchs means the same as its native english cognate fox just as fox serves as a family name in english fuchs does in german and it so happens that the genus of plants called fuchsia was named after the german botanist leonhart fuchs who lived from 1501 to 1566 because some of those plants produce flowers of a vivid reddish purple that hue has been given the name fucsia fuchsia as far as i know spanish speakers don t mess up their word for that color but english speakers have mispronounced fuchsia for so long that the standard pronunciation has become fyoo shuh as a result of that pronunciation fuchsia is high on the list of the most often misspelled english words with fuschia probably appearing more often than the correct fuchsia german still capitalizes its nouns as english once did 2015 steven schwartzman share this share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on reddit opens in new window reddit like loading previous older entries email subscription enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email email address sign me 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