Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

john, tooby, 1952, 2023, the, tea, table, on, edge,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (246), and (130), was (40), that (37), for (36), with (33), edge (29), are (20), one (19), from (17), they (16), tooby (16), john (15), but (15), have (15), science (15), our (14), continue (13), their (13), his (13), this (12), would (12), more (11), new (11), about (11), into (11), were (11), tea (10), table (10), had (10), when (9), now (9), which (9), these (9), who (9), evolutionary (9), all (8), there (8), will (8), not (8), time (8), where (8), them (8), cultural (8), social (8), beliefs (8), what (7), question (7), two (7), world (7), talk (7), out (7), harvard (7), sara (7), bio (7), biology (7), cognitive (7), belief (7), can (6), annual (6), she (6), its (6), like (6), been (6), next (6), said (6), got (6), carpenter (6), something (6), people (6), culture (6), reality (6), psychology (6), org (5), 2023 (5), editor (5), ideas (5), large (5), scientists (5), also (5), has (5), same (5), years (5), field (5), you (5), over (5), down (5), because (5), professor (5), office (5), mcz (5), levi (5), around (5), labs (5), then (5), made (5), human (5), learning (5), foundation (4), news (4), told (4), another (4), books (4), yorker (4), conversation (4), whose (4), twenty (4), often (4), scientific (4), most (4), kind (4), give (4), hall (4), here (4), some (4), went (4), nabokov (4), could (4), other (4), day (4), while (4), between (4), wednesday (4), first (4), instead (4), tarantula (4), modern (4), mrs (4), houck (4), through (4), programs (4), seem (4), evolved (4), design (4), information (4), brain (4), mechanisms (4), coalitional (4), center (4), anthropology (4), get (3), reading (3), many (3), eager (3), disciplines (3), group (3), short (3), 000 (3), even (3), major (3), less (3), edited (3), read (3), without (3), public (3), equally (3), than (3), nearly (3), work (3), conversations (3), essays (3), english (3), mind (3), thought (3), free (3), wilson (3), myself (3), written (3), think (3), person (3), change (3), understanding (3), dead (3), saw (3), knew (3), taught (3), wellesley (3), only (3), lolita (3), stairs (3), way (3), very (3), cross (3), such (3), just (3), watson (3), biologists (3), others (3), being (3), lab (3), each (3), took (3), front (3), her (3), member (3), called (3), evolution (3), full (3), lippincott (3), died (3), including (3), physics (3), past (3), built (3), brains (3), things (3), among (3), species (3), life (3), nexus (3), causality (3), cause (3), engineering (3), holding (3), payoffs (3), states (3), children (3), coalition (3), 2026 (3), under (2), code (2), copyright (2), inc (2), rights (2), reserved (2), email (2), brockman (2), published (2), matter (2), sometimes (2), learn (2), stories (2), essay (2), innovation (2), success (2), words (2), sweet (2), big (2), author (2), allows (2), reader (2), founder (2), leader (2), choice (2), participants (2), activities (2), interviews (2), make (2), interviewer (2), remarkable (2), lectures (2), content (2), driven (2), questions (2), possible (2), enterprise (2), surprise (2), became (2), fields (2), growing (2), number (2), influence (2), miss (2), should (2), itself (2), response (2), impressive (2), page (2), general (2), street (2), million (2), video (2), printed (2), language (2), seems (2), yesterday (2), runs (2), every (2), piece (2), intellectual (2), across (2), talking (2), too (2), yes (2), giving (2), did (2), eighty (2), eventually (2), editing (2), mid (2), came (2), meeting (2), triple (2), ran (2), going (2), jumped (2), later (2), left (2), cambridge (2), garret (2), any (2), few (2), attention (2), turned (2), door (2), vladimir (2), before (2), take (2), nice (2), waterbug (2), didn (2), back (2), own (2), mossy (2), cave (2), looked (2), don (2), know (2), name (2), afternoon (2), watch (2), floor (2), halls (2), pair (2), terrarium (2), after (2), pile (2), yet (2), teas (2), planned (2), interesting (2), book (2), molecular (2), dinosaurs (2), bug (2), structure (2), used (2), encountered (2), mass (2), coffee (2), desperate (2), eyes (2), how (2), remember (2), director (2), bill (2), associate (2), curator (2), cookies (2), young (2), ant (2), white (2), wanted (2), found (2), room (2), off (2), enough (2), steps (2), perhaps (2), interested (2), synthesis (2), wouldn (2), woman (2), trip (2), come (2), until (2), writing (2), job (2), recent (2), department (2), shared (2), love (2), great (2), share (2), ago (2), nonfiction (2), los (2), angeles (2), series (2), masters (2), prize (2), whole (2), construct (2), endless (2), delusions (2), intelligences (2), thing (2), ecology (2), impact (2), shockwaves (2), political (2), community (2), adaptive (2), conceptual (2), moral (2), warfare (2), misattribution (2), arbitrage (2), accurate (2), caused (2), early (2), whether (2), natural (2), selection (2), architecture (2), toward (2), nature (2), behavioral (2), those (2), however (2), functions (2), function (2), coordinated (2), tested (2), against (2), coordinating (2), coordination (2), means (2), unexplained (2), attempting (2), generation (2), compression (2), technology (2), billion (2), parents (2), losing (2), themselves (2), makes (2), bad (2), rational (2), revision (2), ucsb (2), collaborators (2), neuroscience (2), specific (2), studies (2), adaptations (2), hunter (2), gatherer (2), knowledge (2), ancestors (2), 1952 (2), cosmides (2), santa (2), barbara (2), received (2), university (2), sun (2), nonprofit, private, operating, section, 501, internal, revenue, contact, info, protected, publisher, originally, unifying, message, story, elegance, wit, never, condescension, audience, various, scientist, teachers, tell, certainly, format, daring, striking, apparently, 600, spot, introducing, idea, brevity, grasp, essential, point, remain, hungry, moves, secret, begin, charisma, add, eclectic, discerning, taste, formats, important, invisible, masking, questioner, skill, required, elicit, both, clarity, depth, seamless, expositions, sound, coherently, constructed, informal, surprising, feat, flow, entirely, course, none, increasingly, participation, brilliant, write, brilliantly, answering, evidently, part, schedule, figures, diverse, research, steadily, responses, measure, phenomenon, right, stop, readers, writers, further, installments, lookout, form, spirit, manifest, evident, google, rank, enthusiastic, reviews, interest, outlets, 700, sold, washington, post, wall, journal, atlantic, economist, statistics, awesome, manuscript, close, contributors, presented, 350, hours, 750, transcribed, thousands, brief, resulted, publication, volumes, foreign, editions, throughout, running, channeled, fast, flowing, river, academic, intellectually, curious, range, topics, cosmos, least, glimpse, serious, look, dynamic, presenting, challenging, thoughts, facts, jargon, globalized, trade, site, anyone, bored, daniel, kahneman, slides, ignoring, bafflement, baffled, pause, ended, checking, pieces, thirty, career, validation, invited, 1988, american, association, advancement, boston, famous, sitting, bench, outside, auditorium, notes, striding, swinging, briefcase, reintroduced, hoping, your, months, exactly, poem, york, wound, liked, belonged, hadn, managed, entomologists, changed, dawned, slowly, worked, profiles, rabi, hans, bethe, marvin, minsky, michele, besso, physicist, jeremy, bernstein, magazine, journalists, zeal, patient, detail, utter, absolute, faith, fundamental, importance, silence, seemed, looking, shoes, ungodly, length, finally, head, remarked, gently, afraid, rather, badly, painted, polite, puzzled, gazes, guess, electrifying, wondrous, lepidopterist, minutes, drive, link, last, predilections, theirs, lull, venom, liquify, parts, stick, started, landing, halfway, stopped, why, whitewashed, faintly, beneath, paint, feed, kept, fourth, digs, fed, once, week, waterbugs, collected, abundant, bugs, reportedly, able, climb, floors, riding, elevator, feeding, unforgettable, spectacle, seizing, tweezers, dropped, housing, ominous, seconds, scuffling, motion, little, rocks, emerged, plunged, glistening, fangs, flailing, insect, woosh, blatta, orientalis, quite, felt, sorry, wasting, lives, anyway, lively, affairs, lots, camaraderie, animated, matters, changes, wing, venation, lower, upper, carboniferous, paper, effort, mention, film, festival, brattle, smile, politely, renew, discussion, stunning, illumination, theory, blattaria, james, recently, recruited, bolster, caught, morphologists, fossils, discoverer, dna, carry, water, pistol, amuse, himself, squirting, disdain, mutual, morning, bick, hayes, bickford, cafeteria, hub, ave, spent, occasional, muffin, spite, loitering, sign, posted, management, counter, sensed, enormously, tall, staring, intense, protruding, breakfast, blurted, probably, lonely, unfortunately, cannot, anything, else, non, grata, biologist, ernst, mayr, museum, comparative, zoology, adjoined, brown, entomology, herbert, arachnology, stephen, jay, gould, recall, him, coming, allowed, sit, guys, mostly, old, guard, exception, assistant, man, trousers, socks, considerably, colony, glass, visit, whenever, ants, crawling, underground, tunnels, typed, dictation, proofread, formal, exacting, boss, poked, exotic, host, proper, dominated, long, dozen, invitees, gather, town, pick, widened, shock, working, faculty, fossil, insects, bore, attend, weekly, essentially, marriage, darwin, mendel, goosed, advances, cared, plus, year, extremely, introductory, extent, exposure, hopeful, cut, frogs, paramecium, pond, reedy, puddle, campus, magnificent, pine, tree, hither, branches, quickly, quietly, minded, pal, hid, crowd, giggling, future, marched, climbed, dorm, lunch, support, poems, personnel, suggested, secretary, frank, paleoentomologist, chairman, quartered, divinity, avenue, entrance, guarded, giant, bronze, rhinoceroses, quarterly, chairmanship, turn, needed, someone, spell, commas, fine, psyche, majored, minor, become, poet, seedy, gabled, house, kirkland, third, tiny, bedrooms, bath, age, aspirations, drinking, herself, death, moby, dick, 1959, shortly, paris, awf, loud, bump, glorious, sprawl, bottom, fell, bwak, thus, sadness, deep, sense, appreciation, several, days, sad, ill, end, near, request, publish, sunday, october, peacefully, longtime, moved, 1993, ten, caltech, defunct, 1996, sixteen, times, review, note, 1938, specializing, bestsellers, bradley, timothy, ferris, lee, smolin, mcphee, pulitzer, winning, annals, former, trouble, shebang, present, humanity, blind, slaves, drag, light, ordinarily, inhabit, versions, spontaneously, surfaces, unaware, theater, roles, lines, largely, mental, credulously, swept, plays, genocidal, drama, versus, chain, reactions, leave, victims, history, embedded, war, oppression, enveloped, epidemics, mired, negative, sum, conflict, pivot, artificial, native, bridge, internet, wide, web, struck, informational, similarly, explosive, rippling, economic, technological, landscapes, obliterating, lineages, diatoms, corals, crustaceans, ammonites, amphibians, yucatán, ripped, intricate, interdependencies, planetary, ecosystem, turning, blankets, shrouds, incandescent, geological, instant, knocking, keystone, toppling, structures, shifts, extinctions, opened, opportunities, inviting, avian, mammalian, radiations, bursts, transformed, living, opening, placenta, suckled, unprecedentedly, luxuriant, metadata, three, simple, tools, might, help, see, noses, tool, simplifies, schematizes, focuses, representation, situations, machinery, guides, terms, outcome, having, single, enlarged, represent, outcomes, intersection, factors, absence, precluding, conditions, hardest, beautiful, puzzles, quantum, mechanics, nonlocality, cosmology, arresting, reverse, circuit, 1970, surrounding, frenzy, geopolitics, nonideological, computational, urgent, rise, computer, cybernetics, almost, complete, avoidance, hostility, neutered, necessary, falling, place, entropy, galileo, frames, reference, ingenuity, indeed, ideal, specifically, devoted, improving, accuracy, pinpoint, analysis, goes, awry, consider, multiple, granted, actions, based, succeed, displace, inaccurate, ones, feedback, experiments, tests, markets, second, affects, consciously, unconsciously, embrace, discoordinated, socrates, execution, failing, acknowledge, gods, city, acknowledges, designed, balance, larger, commonly, demands, determine, network, fixation, predominate, chip, high, degree, sciences, climatology, unfriendly, monsters, self, organizing, collective, operationally, organism, interaction, environment, somehow, similar, reconstructed, assumption, supposed, instances, referred, masks, enormous, array, thoroughly, dissimilar, unitary, concept, misguided, develop, robust, egg, shells, clouds, type, stars, pat, boone, scleras, bones, macbooks, dandelion, sap, lilies, universe, vast, illimitable, layers, rich, computers, comparison, infinitesimal, reconcile, size, difference, sifted, hacks, small, fit, generated, huge, inferential, superefficient, algorithms, inevitably, lossy, key, effective, throw, everything, away, iron, law, intelligence, breaking, exist, well, roughly, survived, puberty, sanitation, medicine, market, abundance, ancestrally, overwhelming, majority, humans, complement, making, childhood, live, developed, nations, remodeled, lifetables, greatest, humane, triumphs, enlightenment, delivering, grief, arms, dying, want, race, genetic, meltdown, germline, mindedness, everyone, far, stupider, collectivities, individuals, paradoxically, party, united, supernatural, revise, economics, climate, revisers, members, membership, constituted, adherence, propositions, problem, generally, case, arises, requires, disagree, precepts, reasons, immoral, risk, offers, friends, cherished, identity, freezes, instincts, experimental, techniques, investigate, specializations, cooperation, coalitions, reasoning, direction, maintained, station, ecuadorian, amazonia, order, conduct, psychological, particularly, documenting, shapes, phenomena, potentially, forms, precise, theories, valued, wrote, numerous, examples, pleased, below, known, integrate, paleoanthropology, create, goal, progressive, mapping, universal, neural, constitutes, provides, basis, responsible, involves, using, problems, experimentally, map, emotional, hominid, solve, july, november, wife, leda, phd, biological, 1989, california, founded, directed, jointly, 2020, jean, nicod, tribute, library, events, audio, home, jun, https, www, june, 28th, arrive, seek, complex, sophisticated, minds, put, together, ask, asking, skip, main,

Text of the page (random words):
nzy and geopolitics made first steps toward a nonideological and computational understanding of our evolved design human nature seem urgent the recent rise of computer science and cybernetics made it seem possible the almost complete avoidance of and hostility to evolutionary biology by behavioral and social scientists had nearly neutered those fields and so made it seem necessary continue nexus causality moral warfare and misattribution arbitrage by john tooby here are three simple conceptual tools that might help us see in front of our noses nexus causality moral warfare and misattribution arbitrage causality itself is an evolved conceptual tool that simplifies schematizes and focuses our representation of situations this cognitive machinery guides us to think in terms of the cause of an outcome having a single cause yet for enlarged understanding it is more accurate to represent outcomes as caused by an intersection or nexus of factors including the absence of precluding conditions continue i seem to be metadata by john tooby obliterating whole lineages diatoms and dinosaurs corals and crustaceans ammonites and amphibians shockwaves from the yucatán impact 65 million years ago ripped through the intricate interdependencies of the planetary ecosystem turning blankets of life into shrouds in one incandescent geological instant knocking out keystone species and toppling community structures these shifts and extinctions opened up new opportunities inviting avian and mammalian adaptive radiations and other bursts of innovation that transformed the living world and eventually opening the way for our placenta suckled unprecedentedly luxuriant brains what with one thing and another now here we are the internet and the world wide web that runs on it have struck our species informational ecology with a similarly explosive impact their shockwaves rippling through our cultural social economic political technological scientific and even cognitive landscapes continue the great pivot artificial intelligences native intelligences and the bridge between by john tooby humanity will continue to be blind slaves to the programs that evolution has built into our brains until we drag them into the light ordinarily we only inhabit the versions of reality they spontaneously construct for us the surfaces of things because we are unaware we are in a theater with our roles and our lines largely written for us by our mental programs we are credulously swept up in these plays such as the genocidal drama of us versus them endless chain reactions among these programs leave us the victims of history embedded in war and oppression enveloped in mass delusions and cultural epidemics mired in endless negative sum conflict continue continue reading conversation culture the tea table by sara lippincott 10 30 23 editor s note sara lippincott 1938 2023 was an editor specializing in nonfiction who edited some eighty books about science for the general public including bestsellers such as bill bradley s time present time past timothy ferris s the whole shebang lee smolin s the trouble with physics and john mcphee s pulitzer prize winning annals of the former world a longtime nonfiction editor at the new yorker she moved to los angeles in 1993 where she taught writing for ten years at caltech and later became an editor at the now defunct los angeles times book review from 1996 she edited the sixteen books in the edge annual question series and the twenty two books in the science masters i and science masters ii series several days ago sara called to give me the sad news that she was very ill and the end was near she also had a request i have something i ve written that i would like you to publish on edge yesterday on sunday october 29 2023 sara died peacefully thus it is with great sadness but also with a deep sense of love and appreciation that i share with you sara s piece the tea table the tea table by sara lippincott i got out of wellesley in 1959 shortly after lolita got out of paris vladimir nabokov s lolita na bwak awf a trip down the stairs with a loud bump and a glorious sprawl at the bottom i fell in love with it i had majored in english with a minor in moby dick and now planned to become a full time poet so i looked for and found a garret in cambridge in a seedy gabled house on kirkland street the third floor two tiny bedrooms and a hall bath was shared by me and a young woman of about my own age but not my aspirations who was drinking herself to death to support myself while writing poems i took the first job the harvard personnel office suggested as secretary to dr frank carpenter a paleoentomologist and recent chairman of harvard s biology department the department was quartered in the bio labs on divinity avenue an impressive pile whose front entrance was guarded by a pair of giant bronze rhinoceroses dr carpenter published a bug quarterly called psyche now that he was through with his chairmanship he wanted to turn more attention to it and he needed someone who could spell and knew where the commas should go i d do fine one year of extremely introductory biology was the extent of my exposure to science at wellesley it was taught by mrs houck a sweet hopeful woman who had us cut up frogs i wouldn t and one day took us on a field trip to paramecium pond a reedy puddle in mid campus next to a magnificent pine tree with come hither branches up this i went quickly and quietly with a like minded pal and we hid there until mrs houck and the crowd of giggling future biologists marched off then we climbed down and went back to the dorm for lunch c from mrs houck the plus was nice of her so i typed and took dictation and proofread for professor carpenter a formal exacting but kind boss and poked around the bio labs which i found exotic every wednesday afternoon dr carpenter would host a tea in his lab a large room off his office proper dominated by a long table large enough for a dozen invitees to gather one wednesday on the way into town to pick up the cookies i ran into mrs houck on the bio lab s front steps her eyes widened in surprise or perhaps shock when i told her i was working there any member of the biology faculty who was interested in something called the modern synthesis or in fossil insects as they bore on evolution was free to attend these weekly teas the modern synthesis was essentially the marriage of darwin and mendel goosed by new advances in molecular biology i know that now but i didn t then and wouldn t have cared because i made the coffee and got the cookies i was allowed to sit at the tea table with the guys they were mostly old guard harvard biologists one exception being ed wilson a young assistant professor and ant man short trousers white socks whose considerably more interesting lab was across the hall from dr carpenter s ed had an ant colony in a large glass terrarium and he told me i was free to visit whenever i wanted to watch the ants crawling all over each other in their underground tunnels others i remember from the tea were the evolutionary biologist ernst mayr the director of the museum of comparative zoology which adjoined the bio labs bill brown the mcz s associate curator of entomology and herbert levi its associate curator of arachnology stephen jay gould was around at the time but i don t recall him coming james d watson was around too recently recruited to bolster molecular biology at harvard but he would not have been caught dead at that table to watson harvard s biologists were just morphologists dinosaurs what were bug fossils to the discoverer of the structure of dna he used to carry a water pistol in the halls and amuse himself by squirting at them or so i was told the disdain was mutual i encountered watson myself one morning in the bick hayes bickford cafeteria which was an intellectual hub on mass ave people spent all day in there over coffee and an occasional english muffin in spite of the no loitering sign posted by the desperate management i was at the counter when i sensed an enormously tall person staring at me with intense protruding eyes would you like to have breakfast with me he blurted out by then i knew how non grata he was so i said yes he was probably lonely unfortunately i cannot now remember anything else he said anyway these wednesday teas were lively affairs with lots of camaraderie and animated cross talk about such matters as changes in wing venation from the lower to the upper carboniferous or who planned to give what paper at the next meeting of the triple a s sometimes in an effort to get them to talk about something interesting i would mention a book i d just read or a film festival at the brattle and they would smile politely at me and renew their discussion of blattaria and its stunning illumination of modern evolutionary theory i m twenty mind you i felt very sorry for them i thought they were wasting their lives that would change but not quite yet one afternoon i went over to the mcz to watch dr levi feed the tarantula he kept in his fourth floor digs the tarantula was fed once a week on waterbugs blatta orientalis which dr levi collected from the halls of the bio labs where they were abundant these bugs were so big that they were reportedly able to climb the stairs between floors instead of riding on an elevator the feeding was an unforgettable spectacle seizing the waterbug in a pair of tweezers dr levi dropped it into the terrarium housing his tarantula after a few ominous seconds there was a scuffling motion in a little cave in a mossy pile of rocks from which the tarantula emerged and s woosh plunged its two glistening fangs into the flailing insect it would take a while said dr levi for the venom to liquify all the nice parts of the waterbug so i didn t stick around for that instead i started down the mcz s stairs on the way back to my own mossy cave in the bio labs on a landing halfway down i stopped and looked into the hall to my left why to this day i don t know there i saw a whitewashed office door and very faintly beneath the paint i could read a name v nabokov this was electrifying i knew that the author of the wondrous lolita was a lepidopterist and had taught for a while before my time at wellesley only 15 minutes drive from the mcz could this have been his office now i would have something to talk about at the next tea a link at last between my predilections and theirs so next wednesday at the first lull in the conversation i jumped in guess what i saw in the mcz the other day polite puzzled gazes i saw a door with v nabokov on it painted over could that have been vladimir nabokov s office dead silence they all seemed to be looking at their shoes this went on for an ungodly length of time finally professor carpenter at the head of the table turned to me and remarked gently sara i m afraid that some of us think he turned out rather badly i ve got to get out of here i thought and i did some months later when i left cambridge and the garret where i d written exactly one poem for new york and wound up at the new yorker where i liked to think i belonged but it seems that i was not the same person i hadn t managed to change any of the harvard entomologists but they had changed me this dawned on me slowly as i worked on a number of profiles i i rabi hans bethe marvin minsky michele besso by the physicist jeremy bernstein one of the magazine s few science journalists it was their zeal their patient attention to detail their utter absolute faith in the fundamental importance of understanding where we are and what s going on i did a one eighty and ended up checking and eventually editing most of the science pieces in the new yorker for the next thirty years a kind of mid career validation came when invited to give a talk about science editing at the 1988 meeting of the american association for the advancement of science the tea table triple a s in boston i ran into ed now e o and famous wilson i was sitting on a bench outside the auditorium going over my notes when he came striding down the hall swinging his briefcase i jumped up and reintroduced myself i was hoping to go to your talk i said but i ve got to miss it because i m giving a talk at the same time baffled pause you re giving a talk yes i said ignoring the bafflement i ll be talking about that tea table i m talking about that tea table too said wilson and i ve got slides continue reading conversation conversations on edge by daniel kahneman 1 11 23 it seems like yesterday but edge has been up and running for twenty two years twenty two years in which it has channeled a fast flowing river of ideas from the academic world to the intellectually curious public the range of topics runs from the cosmos to the mind and every piece allows the reader at least a glimpse and often a serious look at the intellectual world of a thought leader in a dynamic field of science presenting challenging thoughts and facts in jargon free language has also globalized the trade of ideas across scientific disciplines edge is a site where anyone can learn and no one can be bored the statistics are awesome the edge conversation is a manuscript of close to 10 million words with nearly 1 000 contributors whose work and ideas are presented in more than 350 hours of video 750 transcribed conversations and thousands of brief essays and these activities have resulted in the publication of 19 printed volumes of short essays and lectures in english and in foreign language editions throughout the world the public response has been equally impressive edge s influence is evident in its google page rank of 8 the same as the atlantic the economist the new yorker the wall street journal and the washington post in the enthusiastic reviews in major general interest outlets and in the more than 700 000 books sold of course none of this would have been possible without the increasingly eager participation of scientists in the edge enterprise and a surprise brilliant scientists can also write brilliantly answering the edge question evidently became part of the annual schedule of many major figures in diverse fields of research and the steadily growing number of responses is another measure of the growing influence of the edge phenomenon is now the right time to stop many readers and writers will miss further installments of the annual edge question they should be on the lookout for the next form in which the edge spirit will manifest itself what is the secret of edge s success to begin with the charisma of john brockman its founder and leader add to that his eclectic but discerning taste in the choice of participants the two major formats of edge activities are no less important the interviews are edited to make the interviewer invisible masking the questioner is not new but remarkable skill is required to elicit both clarity and depth in seamless expositions of the participants ideas edge interviews read and sound like coherently constructed informal ...