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oke english fluently with an adopted english accent when pronouncing certain words 458 he was also a fan of the english game of cricket stating that cricket civilizes people and creates good gentlemen 458 blair noted that this cultivation of british traits suggested that mugabe respected and perhaps admired britain while at the same time resenting and loathing the country 5 heidi holland suggested that these anglophile traits arose in early life as mugabe who had long experienced the anti black racism of rhodesian society grasped englishness as an antidote to the self loathing induced by societal racism 463 the academic blessing miles tendi stated that mugabe was an extremely complex figure not easily captured by conventional categories 464 blair described him as an exceptionally complex personality 5 smith and simpson noted that the zimbabwean leader had been a serious young man something of a loner diligent hard working a voracious reader who used every minute of his time not much given to laughter but above all single minded 465 blair commented that mugabe s self discipline intelligence and appetite for hard work were remarkable 458 adding that his prime characteristics were ruthlessness and resilience 115 blair argued that mugabe shared many character traits with ian smith stating that they were both proud brave stubborn charismatic deluded fantasists 466 with his poor childhood development record even minor criticism would be experienced as a wound by mugabe he is a person who cannot tolerate difference being profoundly doubtful about himself he is oversensitive to the idea that he is not as good as everyone else people are either with him or against him differences of opinion are provocative and hurtful to mugabe who may think that compromise reduces him heidi holland 467 meredith described mugabe as having a soft spoken demeanour broad intellect and articulate manner all of which disguised his hardened and single minded ambition 106 ndlovu gatsheni characterised him as one of the most charismatic african leaders highlighting that he was very eloquent and was able to make fine speeches 443 jonathan moyo who briefly served as mugabe s information minister before falling out with him stated that the president could express himself well that is his great strength 468 tendi stated that mugabe had a natural wittiness but often hid this behind an outwardly pensive and austere manner and his penchant for ceremony and tradition 469 heidi holland suggested that due to his dysfunctional upbringing mugabe had a fragile self image 470 describing him as a man cut off from his feelings devoid of ordinary warmth and humanity 471 according to her mugabe had a marked emotional immaturity 472 and was homophobic 473 as well as racist and xenophobic 474 according to meredith mugabe presented himself as articulate thoughtful and conciliatory after his 1980 election victory 170 blair noted that at this period of his career mugabe displayed genuine magnanimity and moral courage despite his intense personal reasons for feeling bitterness and hatred toward the members of the former regime 460 following his dealing with mugabe during the 1979 negotiations michael pallister head of the british foreign office described mugabe as having a very sharp sometimes rather aggressive and unpleasant manner 126 the british diplomat peter longworth stated that in private mugabe was very charming and very articulate and he s not devoid of humour it s very difficult to relate the man you meet with the man ranting on television 458 norman stated that i always found him personable and honourable in his dealings he also had a warm side to him which i saw quite clearly sometimes 475 colin legum a journalist with the observer argued that mugabe had a paranoidal personality in that while he did not suffer from clinical paranoia he did behave in a paranoid fashion when placed under severe and sustained pressure 5 mugabe biographer andrew norman suggested that the leader may have suffered from antisocial personality disorder 476 several mugabe biographers have observed that he had an obsession with accruing power 477 according to meredith power for mugabe was not a means to an end but the end itself 478 conversely onslow and redding suggested that mugabe s craving for power stemmed from ideological and personal reasons and his belief in the illegitimacy of his political opposition 342 denis norman a white politician who served in mugabe s cabinet for many years commented that mugabe isn t a flashy man driven by wealth but he does enjoy power that s always been his motivation 479 in 2026 the epstein files revealed that the financier and child sex offender jeffrey epstein provided financial management services to mugabe 480 marriages and children edit see also mugabe family mugabe s first wife sally hayfron in 1983 according to holland mugabe s first wife sally hayfron was mugabe s confidante and only real friend 481 being one of the few people who could challenge mugabe s ideas without offending him 482 their only son michael nhamodzenyika mugabe born 27 september 1963 died on 26 december 1966 from cerebral malaria in ghana where sally was working while mugabe was in prison sally mugabe was a trained teacher who asserted her position as an independent political activist and campaigner 483 mugabe called on zimbabwe s media to refer to his wife as amai mother of the nation 484 although many zimbabweans resented the fact that she was a foreigner 485 she was appointed as the head of zanu pf s women s league 484 and was involved in a number of charitable operations and was widely regarded as corrupt in these dealings 486 during mugabe s premiership she suffered from renal failure and initially had to travel to britain for dialysis until soames arranged for a dialysis machine to be sent to zimbabwe 487 while married to hayfron in 1987 mugabe began an extra marital affair with his secretary grace marufu she was 41 years his junior and at the time was married to stanley goreraza in 1988 she bore mugabe a daughter bona and in 1990 a son robert mugabe jr 488 the relationship was kept secret from the zimbabwean public hayfron was aware of it 484 according to her niece patricia bekele with whom she was particularly close hayfron was not happy that mugabe had an affair with marufu but she did what she used to tell me to do talk to your pillow if you have problems in your marriage never ever humiliate your husband her motto was to carry on in gracious style 489 hayfron died in 1992 from a chronic kidney ailment 490 following hayfron s death in 1992 mugabe and marufu were married in a large catholic ceremony in august 1996 491 as first lady of zimbabwe grace gained a reputation for indulging her love of luxury with a particular interest in shopping clothes and jewellery 492 these lavish shopping sprees led to her receiving the nickname gucci grace 493 she too developed a reputation for corruption 276 in 1997 grace mugabe gave birth to the couple s third child chatunga bellarmine 494 robert mugabe jr and his younger brother chatunga are known for posting their lavish lifestyle on social media which drew accusations from opposition politician tendai biti that they were wasting zimbabwean taxpayers money 495 public image and legacy edit the story of robert mugabe is a microcosm of what bedevils african democracy and economic recovery at the beginning of the 21st century it is a classic case of a genuine hero the guerrilla idol who conquered the country s former leader and his white supremacist regime turning into a peevish autocrat whose standard response to those suggesting he steps down is to tell them to get lost it is also the story of activists who try to make a better society but bear the indelible scars of the old system mugabe s political education came from the autocrat ian smith who had learnt his formative lessons from imperious british colonisers heidi holland 496 by the twenty first century mugabe was regarded as one of the world s most controversial political leaders 497 according to the black scholar journal depending on who you listen to mugabe is either one of the world s great tyrants or a fearless nationalist who has incurred the wrath of the west 498 he has been widely described as a dictator a tyrant and a threat 499 and has been referred to as one of africa s most brutal leaders 500 at the same time he continued to be regarded as a hero in many third world countries and received a warm reception when travelling throughout africa 501 for many in southern africa he remained one of the grand old men of the african liberation movement 352 mugabe was known to have close ties with former malaysian prime minister mahathir mohamad 502 according to ndlovu gatsheni within zanu pf mugabe was regarded as a demi god who was feared and rarely challenged 503 within the zanu movement a cult of personality began to be developed around mugabe during the bush war and was consolidated after 1980 504 mugabe had a considerable following within zimbabwe 381 with david blair noting that it would be wrong to imply that he lacked genuine popularity in the country 263 holland believed that the great majority of zimbabwe s population supported him enthusiastically during the first twenty years of his regime 505 his strongholds of support were zimbabwe s shona dominated regions of mashonaland manicaland and masvingo while he remained far less popular in the non shona areas of matabeleland and bulawayo 263 and among the zimbabwean diaspora living abroad 281 at the time of his 1980 election victory mugabe was internationally acclaimed as a revolutionary hero who was embracing racial reconciliation 193 and for the first decade of his governance he was widely regarded as one of post colonial africa s most progressive leaders 506 david blair argued that while mugabe did exhibit a conciliatory phase between march 1980 and february 1982 his rule was otherwise dominated by a ruthless quest to crush his opponents and remain in office at whatever cost 507 in 2011 the scholar blessing miles tendi stated that mugabe is often presented in the international media as the epitome of the popular leader gone awry the independence struggle hero who seemed initially a progressive egalitarian but has gradually been corrupted through his attachment to power during a long and increasingly repressive spell in office 508 tendi argued that this was a misleading assessment because mugabe had displayed repressive tendencies from his early years in office namely through the repression of zapu in matabeleland 239 abiodun alao concurred suggesting that mugabe s approach had not changed over the course of his leadership but merely that international attention had intensified in the twenty first century 500 for many africans mugabe exposed the double standards of western countries the latter had turned a blind eye to the massacre of over 20 000 black ndebele civilians in the gukarakundi but strongly censured the zimbabwean government when a small number of white farmers were killed during the land seizures 501 example of foreign criticism a demonstration against mugabe s regime next to the zimbabwe embassy in london mid 2006 during the guerrilla war ian smith referred to mugabe as the apostle of satan 509 george shire expressed the view that there was a strong racist animus against mugabe within zimbabwe and that this had typically been overlooked by western media representations of the country 452 mugabe himself was accused of racism john sentamu the uganda born archbishop of york in the united kingdom called mugabe the worst kind of racist dictator for having targeted the whites for their apparent riches 510 511 512 513 desmond tutu stated that mugabe became increasingly insecure he s hitting out one just wants to weep it s very sad 514 south african president nelson mandela was also critical of mugabe referring to him as a politician who despise s the very people who put him in power and think s it s a privilege to be there for eternity 514 writing for the human rights quarterly rhoda e howard hassmann claimed that there was clear evidence that mugabe was guilty of crimes against humanity 515 in 2009 gregory stanton then president of the international association of genocide scholars and helen fein then executive director of the institute for the study of genocide published a letter stating that there was sufficient evidence of crimes against humanity to bring mugabe to trial in front of the international criminal court 516 australia and new zealand had previously called for this in 2005 516 and a number of zimbabwean ngos did so in 2006 516 in 1994 mugabe received an honorary knighthood from the british state this was stripped at the advice of the uk government in 2008 517 mugabe held several honorary degrees from international universities at least three of which have since been revoked in 2007 he became the first international figure ever to be stripped of an honorary degree by a british university when the university of edinburgh withdrew the degree awarded to him in 1984 518 519 in the month after being deposed but before he died many of the public references to mugabe street names for example were removed from public places 520 see also edit list of accidents and incidents involving robert mugabe s motorcade mugabe and the white african 2009 documentary mugabe s zimbabwe 2010 documentary the interpreter 2005 film featuring a fictional african president based on mugabe 1997 zimbabwean black friday references edit notes edit zanu pf was preceded by the zimbabwe african national union during the period 1975 1987 m ʊ ˈ ɡ ɑː b i muu gah bee 1 shona muɡaɓe footnotes edit mugabe merriam webster com dictionary merriam webster oclc 1032680871 blair 2002 p 17 meredith 2002 p 19 smith simpson 1981 p 11 blair 2002 p 17 meredith 2002 pp 19 21 norman 2008 p 15 smith simpson 1981 p 11 blair 2002 p 17 1 2 3 4 blair 2002 p 26 mugabe s grandfather served king lobengula bulawayo 23 september 2017 archived from the original on 7 november 2017 president at 91 how president mugabe became my father the sunday mail 25 january 2015 retrieved 18 february 2020 meredith 2002 p 19 holland 2008 p 3 1 2 3 4 blair 2002 p 18 blair 2002 p 18 meredith 2002 p 20 blair 2002 p 18 meredith 2002 pp 20 21 holland 2008 pp 6 7 blair 2002 pp 17 18 smith simpson 1981 p 11 blair 2002 p 18 holland 2008 p 224 blair 2002 p 18 meredith 2002 p 21 norman 2008 p 15 meredith 2002 p 21 smith simpson 1981 p 15 norman 2008 p 16 smith simpson 1981 p 12 blair 2002 p 18 norman 2008 p 16 meredith 2002 p 21 norman 2008 p 16 smith simpson 1981 p 14 blair 2002 p 18 meredith 2002 p 21 norman 2008 p 16 1 2 blair 2002 p 18 norman 2008 p 16 meredith 2002 p 22 smith simpson 1981 p 16 blair 2002 p 19 meredith 2002 p 22 smith simpson 1981 p 16 norman 2008 pp 16 17 blair 2002 p 19 smith simpson 1981 p 16 blair 2002 p 19 meredith 2002 p 22 norman 2008 p 17 1 2 smith simpson...
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