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ew of how i used python and qgis to create a map like this from a big word document then continue reading read more august 22 2018 in research 3 comments have i mentioned the future is digital at least until the lights or internet goes down i m preparing my appeal to you faithful skulkers to assist me in my quixotic quest to create a more robust and usable dataset on early modern european wars i envision keeping it simple at least at the start posting a series of spreadsheets possibly on google sheets with information about various aspects of early modern warfare we don t want to start from scratch so i ve downloaded the basic information on the period s wars and combats battles from wikipedia via wikidata queries using sparql and i ve been learning about graph databases in the process which someone might consider a bonus wikipedia well the way i see it they ve already entered in a lot of basic information and many of the factual details are probably correct at least to a first order approximation so it should speed up the process and allow us to refine and play around with the beta data say that fast three times before it s complete however that s defined once the data sheets are up online we can clean that information i can collate it and then we can open it to the world to play with analyze map chart combine with other data whatever one s heart desires if someone wants to deal with the wikipedia bureaucracy they can try to inject it back into the source of all knowledge in the meantime if you re curious as to what someone with some programming skills and an efficiency oriented mindset can create you should check out the following blog post wherein a data scientist collects all of the wars listed in wikipedia ancient to recent and then explores their durations and a few other attributes very cool stuff and you gotta love the graphics check it out at https www gokhan io post scraping wikipedia and just imagine what one could do with more granular data and possibly more accurate data as well hopefully we ll find out in the meantime here s a real simple map from a sparql query locating all of the battles listed in wikidata that have location information i ll let you decide whether europe and the eastern us really were that much more belligerent than the rest of the world to the methodology august 18 2018 in miscellaneous leave a comment early modern spain on a budget part 2 when we last left off we d just come back from medieval tolédo full of new castilian culture from conquerors to conquered having spent a week spying vestiges of conquistadors in our historical visits around castile we spent the second week of our trip looking at the other side of the hill and a few fortresses so it was on to barcelona we survived an ugly american brooklynite actually incident on the train but when we arrived in spain s northern capital it almost seemed like there was some sort of disagreement between the two parts of the country my first clue was the war of the flags where people proudly hung their catalan flags from their apartment balconies far outnumbering the spanish flags fortunately there wasn t any rioting after real madrid spanked liverpool in the champions league final my first impression of the city central barcelona is a much more modern city than central madrid but with just as many tourists the bread i should note is infinitely better than what we had in madrid must be the proximity to france where they know how to bake bread bâtards anyway barcelona has its own attractions we spent the mandatory tourist dollars visiting gaudí s sagrada familia cathedral mostly standing on narrow tower steps waiting for the line of people to keep moving down not wanting to contemplate a fall this photo gives me vertigo and then we experienced the virtual reality smartphone headphone set up of casa bottló i guess i was just fated to be an early modernist historiographical imperialism speaking of early moderns i was struck by the predominance of anglo authors in the early modern spanish history section of the spanish bookstores names you know like geoffrey parker and john lynch and j h elliot not to mention authors like john keegan and lots of spanish translations of english language histories i m guessing franco s heavy hand might have had something to do with the seeming silence of senior native spanish historians but that s just speculation on my part history as catalan nationalism later on we spent a half day at the waterfront and semi randomly selected the museum of catalonian history as our destination the museum covers the history of the catalan region s from prehistory to today when you hear somebody say from prehistory to the present you undoubtedly think so like a few mannequin cavemen and they jump forward to the 19th century right well let me tell you i never saw so many rooms on medieval history in my life more catalan kingdoms and principalities than you could shake that proverbial stick at again with the sticks what s up with those sticks one fun fact of medieval nationalism i came away with the origin legend for the catalan flag the senyera above is that during the 897 siege of barcelona a grateful king dipped his four fingers in a mortally wounded catalan count s blood and dragged it across the count s golden shield thanking him for his service if i were the count i probably would ve requested some pain killers as a reward instead but i guess they did things differently back then apparently the austrians have a similar tale for their own crimson streaked flag dating from the 13c but for those who prefer stories of the pen to those of the sword the museum also had a 10 minute video on making parchment quill and ink from scratch shaving the yak indeed the trouble with pirates there was even a model of the fortress of salses a pyrenean fort that we had visited several years earlier during our southern france excursion what a small world the salses gateway on the left in the model above from our visit to the real thing fortress of salses languedoc there was also an interesting display on the 1640 reaper revolt where the irregular miquelets rose up against castilian taxes and governance during olivares franco spanish war part of the thirty years war for those of you keeping track at home one of the songs from the conflict the reapers els segadors is currently the catalan national anthem unlike tolédo s museo del ejército the museu d història de catalunya clearly considered its history very important and its experience in the war of the spanish succession as particularly relevant to today they have a whole online exhibition on the war if you re interested for those who aren t already familiar with the two minute narrative over the course of the war philippe s forces managed to repulse two separate allied occupations of madrid and went on to recapture most of its territory after the battlefield victory at almansa obligingly the british facilitated this reconquest by choosing to abandon their austrian and catalan allies after getting most of their spanish contingent captured at brihuega animated map of allied holdings in iberia war of the spanish succession a much better map of the iberian war of the spanish succession i d thought there was a western front on the portuguese border but what do i know and in case the catalan bent of the museum had eluded you up to that point the museum had a rather large exhibit on the catalan catastrophe that was the fall of barcelona in 1714 the war of the spanish succession had largely ended in 1713 but those crazy catalans kept on fighting long after their austrian candidate king carlos iii abandoned them for the imperial throne in 1711 becoming holy roman emperor karl vi it appears that karl s former spanish digs would remain on his mind since he refused to acknowledge felipe as king of spain for decades and clearly the memory of barcelona in particular stayed with him at least in death as my wife and i witnessed when viewing his crypt at the kapuzinergruft in vienna a few years earlier here s a close up of his tomb which celebrates his 1706 liberation of the city but i digress since barcelona wouldn t surrender after fighting had ended everywhere else that meant that the duke of berwick you know the english one in french service loaned out to the spanish had to besiege the fortress exposing the city to a third siege in a decade fourth if you include a brief unsuccessful allied attack in 1705 at siege s end after a year long defense a peeved philippe ordered his commander to slaughter the population for their rebellion instead berwick decided to give them a capitulation on the 11th of september catalan privileges were revoked and it was all downhill from there commemorating the people s resistance to an oppressive southern neighbor the explanation in three languages so i guess the catalonians had their 9 11 long before the u s had ours and the rest as they say is history overall the museum was very well done lots of interesting maps and more descriptive text than you can imagine somebody spent a lot of time on this museum and it s been noticed witness this hot off the press study i just saw johannes venetia performing national identity in heritage tourism observations from catalonia in creating heritage for tourism edited by catherine palmer and jacqueline tivers routledge 2018 abstract in this chapter i will provide an ethnographic account of the ways that heritage has been used in the catalan autonomous community catalonia in northeast spain catalonia has long been known for its sense of difference from spain a difference that was implicitly recognised in the 1978 spanish constitution however following disagreements about catalonia s tax situation and a sense of hostility from the spanish central government support for independence from spain has soared polarising the population into those for and those against most recently the catalan government held a referendum on october 1 2017 the final outcome of which remains uncertain they previously held a similar referendum on 9 november 2014 but the ruling party rebranded it as a non binding symbolic referendum following pressure from madrid it is now therefore a politically sensitive time when catalan heritage has taken on new significance as a symbol of resistance and separate history in the strained relationship with spain another day another fortress in case you had any more interest in catalan history you could always visit one of the sites of these many barcelona sieges montjuïc castle pronounced mont jew k and you would be correct if you thought that it was named that because of its initial use as a jewish burial ground fast forward to 1640 and this outcropping overlooking the mediterranean would be transformed from a lighthouse to a small fort built up over successive decades into a more formidable fort it s one of the better maintained fortresses that i ve been to as you can see from the google maps screenshot below it s on a hill and surrounded by a park access is either via a cable car and funicular or a walk through said park the art of war an aerial view to give you your bearings the main citadel complex is on the right the fortifications themselves were well maintained with flower beds in the ditch so why did they splay the embrasures outward i thought that would funnel shot into the opening i ll let the photos do most of the talking otherwise you can zoom around the fortress using google maps street view or find any number of descriptions on the various sieges the citadel underwent nope this guérite doesn t smell the least bit like urine and there were moat monsters guarding the ravelin or if you seek interactivity you can figure out what this says and learn about who was involved in the 1697 and 1705 sieges and what does an occupying force do with all this stone overlooking barcelona well just about any early modern citadel garrison would tell you use it to intimidate the town into submission you think it s a coincidence that the castilians decided to build a fort there in 1640 when the reapers revolt broke out so every once in a while over the next few centuries the spanish military would bombard the restless barcelonans back into submission and starting in the spanish civil war it became the site of a few human rights violations including the imprisonment torture and execution of dozens including political prisoners with this history it s no surprise that the castle s exhibition on the history of montjuïc ends with a quotation from the universal declaration of human rights article 5 on freedom from torture other random slightly less depressing facts about the citadel montjuic was one of the locations where measurements were taken to establish the meter in 1792 there s a plaque commemorating that it hosted some of the events of the 1992 barcelona olympics and as if on cue when we were there an archer possibly a holdover from their olympics team was at the butts in the dry ditch so definitely worth a visit especially if you re with someone who wouldn t otherwise be caught dead tramping around a fortress fortunately for me but not for my wife our fortress tramping was just beginning but that s for part 3 july 25 2018 in admin professional leave a comment reminder of smh 2019 the deadline for panel paper proposals for the society for military history s annual conference next may is coming up october 1 we re in the process of putting together two panels early modern european proposals as i write this but we d love to have an early modern take over of the smh next year the conference will be held at my alma mater of ohio state columbus oh and the conference theme is soldiers and civilians in the cauldron of war although papers panels on any germane topic will be considered so if you re interested get together with some of your friends and propose if you need help finding co panelists you can contact me via the blog or you can use the smh 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