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urch in the 21 september 1897 edition of the new york sun that became the most reprinted in the us and included the famous reply yes virginia there is a santa claus 42 43 20th century joulupukki the finnish santa claus visits the lönn family in 1901 a man dressed as santa claus fundraising for volunteers of america on the sidewalk of street in chicago illinois in 1902 he is wearing a mask with a beard attached l frank baum s the life and adventures of santa claus a children s book was published in 1902 much of santa claus s mythos was not firmly established at the time leaving baum to give his neclaus necile s little one a variety of immortal support a home in the laughing valley of hohaho and ten reindeer who could not fly but leapt in enormous flight like bounds claus s immortality was earned much like his title santa decided by a vote of those naturally immortal this work also established santa s motives a happy childhood among immortals when ak master woodsman of the world exposes him to the misery and poverty of children in the outside world santa strives to find a way to bring joy into the lives of all children and eventually invents toys as a principal means santa later appears in the road to oz as an honored guest at ozma s birthday party stated to be famous and beloved enough for everyone to bow even before he is announced as the most mighty and loyal friend of children his supreme highness santa claus rose o neill s illustration for the 1903 issue of puck images of santa claus were conveyed through haddon sundblom s depiction of him for the coca cola company s christmas advertising in the 1930s 7 44 the image spawned urban legends that santa claus was invented by the coca cola company or that santa wears red and white because they are the colours used to promote the coca cola brand 45 coca cola s competitor pepsi cola used similar santa claus paintings in its advertisements in the 1940s and 1950s historically coca cola was not the first soft drink company to utilise the modern image of santa claus in its advertising white rock beverages had used a santa figure in monochrome advertisements for mineral water in 1915 and in 1923 25 the same company used colour images of santa claus in adverts for drink mixers 46 earlier santa claus had appeared dressed in red and white and essentially in his current form on several covers of puck magazine in the first few years of the 20th century 47 the image of santa claus as a benevolent character became reinforced with its association with charity and philanthropy particularly by organisations such as the salvation army volunteers dressed as santa claus typically became part of fundraising drives to aid needy families at christmas time in 1937 charles w howard who played santa claus in department stores and parades established the charles w howard santa school the oldest continuously run such school in the world 48 in some images from the early 20th century santa was depicted as personally making his toys by hand in a small workshop like a craftsman eventually the idea emerged that he had numerous elves responsible for making the toys but the toys were still handmade by each individual elf working in the traditional manner the 1956 popular song by george melachrino mrs santa claus and the 1963 children s book how mrs santa claus saved christmas by phyllis mcginley helped to standardise and establish the character and role of mrs claus in the us 49 seabury quinn s 1948 novel roads draws from historical legends to tell the story of santa and the origins of christmas other modern additions to the story of santa include rudolph the red nosed reindeer the 9th and lead reindeer created in 1939 by robert l may a montgomery ward copywriter and immortalised in a 1949 song by gene autry in popular culture santa on the december 1905 cover of puck magazine v 58 no 150 santa portrayed by jonathan meath see also santa claus in film and santacon elves had been portrayed as using assembly lines to produce toys early in the 20th century that shift was reflected in the modern depiction of santa s residence now often humorously portrayed as a fully mechanised production and distribution facility equipped with the latest manufacturing technology and overseen by the elves with santa and mrs claus as executives or managers 50 51 in 1912 the actor leedham bantock became the first actor to be identified as having played santa claus in a film santa claus which he also directed the film includes scenes photographed in a limited two tone colour process and featured the use of detailed models 52 since then many feature films have featured santa claus as a protagonist including miracle on 34th street the santa clause and elf in the cartoon base santa has been voiced by several people including mickey rooney jim cummings mel smith ricky tomlinson jim belushi and alec baldwin santa has been described as a positive male cultural icon santa is really the only cultural icon we have who s male does not carry a gun and is all about peace joy giving and caring for other people that s part of the magic for me especially in a culture where we ve become so commercialized and hooked into manufactured icons santa is much more organic integral connected to the past and therefore connected to the future tv producer jonathan meath who portrays santa 2011 53 norman corwin s 1938 comic radio play the plot to overthrow christmas set entirely in rhyme details a conspiracy of the devil mephistopheles and damned figures of history to defeat the good will among men of christmas by sending the roman emperor nero to the north pole to assassinate santa claus through a battle of wits santa saves himself by winning nero over to the joys of christmas and gives him a stradivarius violin the play was re produced in 1940 and 1944 santa claus with reindeer at hersheypark hershey pennsylvania 2021 many television commercials comic strips and other media depict this as a sort of humorous business with santa s elves acting as a sometimes mischievously disgruntled workforce cracking jokes and pulling pranks on their boss for instance a bloom county story from 15 december 1981 through 24 december 1981 has santa rejecting the demands of petco professional elves toy making and craft organization for higher wages a hot tub in the locker room and aggressive recruitment of a wider gender spectrum of employee short broads with the elves then going on strike ronald reagan steps in fires all of santa s helpers and replaces them with out of work air traffic controllers an obvious reference to the 1981 air traffic controllers strike resulting in a riot before santa vindictively rehires them in humiliating new positions such as his reindeer 54 in the 2001 the sopranos episode to save us all from satan s power paulie gualtieri says he used to think santa and mrs claus were running a sweatshop over there the original elves were ugly traveled with santa to throw bad kids a beatin and gave the good ones toys 2009 liverpool santa dash in kyrgyzstan a mountain peak was named after santa claus after a swedish company had suggested the location be a more efficient starting place for present delivering journeys all over the world than lapland in the kyrgyz capital bishkek a santa claus festival was held on 30 december 2007 with government officials attending 2008 was officially declared the year of santa claus in the country the events are seen as moves to boost tourism in kyrgyzstan 55 the guinness world record for the largest gathering of santa clauses is held by thrissur kerala india where on 27 december 2014 18 112 santas overtook the previous record derry city northern ireland had held the record since 9 september 2007 when a total of 12 965 people dressed up as santa or santa s helpers a gathering of santas in 2009 in bucharest romania attempted to top the world record but failed with only 3 939 santas 56 santa claus has been featured in many video games 57 in brazil a version of santa with green clothes instead of red became popular through television commercials for the soft drink brand dolly appearing along with their mascot dollynho since the 2000s as a form of patriotism adapting the character to the colours of the brazilian flag and at the same time rivalling coca cola commercials 58 another attempt to adapt santa claus to the colours of the brazilian flag occurred in 2024 in balneário camboriú santa catarina where a sculpture wearing yellow clothes with green gloves and bag was installed generating controversy being accused of making an association with the political extreme right due to the colours being seen in protests by supporters of jair bolsonaro 59 traditions and rituals chimneys the feast of saint nicholas by jan steen c 1665 1668 the tradition of santa claus being said to enter dwellings through the chimney is shared by many european seasonal gift givers 60 christmas eve in hungary saint nicolaus mikulás or father winter télapó comes on the night of 5 december and the children get their gifts the next morning they get sweets in a bag if they were good and a golden coloured birch switch if not on christmas eve little jesus comes and gives gifts for everyone 61 in slovenia saint nicholas miklavž also brings small gifts for good children on the eve of 6 december božiček christmas man brings gifts on the eve of 25 december and dedek mraz grandfather frost brings gifts in the evening of 31 december to be opened on new years day an archetypal north american depiction of santa claus benedict xvi wearing a camauro which has been likened to santa s hat after the children have fallen asleep parents play the role of santa claus and leave their gifts under the christmas tree which may be signed as being from santa claus 62 63 64 appearance a man dressed as santa claus waves to children from an annual holiday train in chicago 2012 santa is generally depicted as a portly jolly white bearded man often with glasses wearing a red outfit consisting of jacket trousers and hat all trimmed with white fur accessorised with black leather belt and boots and carrying a bag full of gifts for children the 1823 poem a visit from st nicholas popularised this image in north america during the 19th century the caricaturist and political cartoonist thomas nast also played a role in the creation of santa s image 65 66 67 connections have been drawn between the camauro a soft red hat with white fur trim formerly worn by the pope and the red and white vesture of santa claus 68 69 70 the traditional 1823 christmas poem a visit from st nicholas relates that santa has a little round belly that shook when he laugh d like a bowl full of jelly though most often portrayed as white santa is also depicted as black or of other races his race or colour is sometimes a subject of controversy 71 72 laugh ho ho ho redirects here for other uses see ho ho ho disambiguation ho ho ho is the way that many languages write out how santa claus laughs ho ho ho merry christmas it is the textual rendition of a particular type of deep throated laugh or chuckle most associated today with santa claus and father christmas the laughter of santa claus has long been an important attribute by which the character is identified but it also does not appear in many non english speaking countries citation needed home see also santa s workshop location the santa claus village in lapland finland the legendary north pole home of santa santa s house at jerusalem old city st peter street santa claus s home is traditionally said to include a residence and a workshop where he is said to create often with the aid of elves or other supernatural beings the gifts he is said to deliver to good children at christmas some stories and legends include a village inhabited by his helpers surrounding his home and shop santa is traditionally said to live at the north pole which according to canada post lies within canadian jurisdiction in the postal code h0h 0h0 73 a reference to santa s laugh ho ho ho although postal codes starting with h are usually reserved for the island of montréal in québec on 23 december 2008 jason kenney the minister of citizenship immigration and multiculturalism formally awarded canadian citizenship status to santa claus the government of canada wishes santa the very best in his christmas eve duties and wants to let him know that as a canadian citizen he has the automatic right to re enter canada once his trip around the world is complete kenney said in an official statement 74 there is also a city named north pole in alaska where a tourist attraction known as the santa claus house has been established the united states postal service recommends mail to santa s workshop are sent to 123 elf road north pole 88888 75 royal mail recommends letters are sent to santa father christmas santa s grotto reindeerland xm4 5hq 76 each nordic country claims santa s residence to be within their territory norway claims he lives in drøbak in denmark he is said to live in greenland near uummannaq in sweden the town of mora has a theme park named tomteland the national postal terminal in tomteboda in stockholm receives children s letters for santa in finland korvatunturi in lapland has long been known as santa s home and two theme parks santa claus village and santa park are located near rovaniemi 77 in belarus there is a home of ded moroz in belovezhskaya pushcha national park 78 in france santa is believed to reside in 1 chemin des nuages pôle nord 1 alley of clouds north pole the french national postal service has operated a service that allows children to send letters to père noël since 1962 79 in the period before christmas any physical letter in the country that is addressed to santa claus is sent to a specific location where responses for the children s letters are written and sent back to the children 80 parades department stores and shopping malls see also santa s workshop santa claus grottos and department stores eaton s santa claus parade 1918 toronto canada having arrived at the eaton s department store santa is readying his ladder to climb up onto the building representation of santa claus in italy actors portraying santa claus are present at various venues in the weeks leading up to christmas a concept devised by the retail entrepreneur david lewis the first christmas grotto opened in lewis s department store in liverpool england in 1879 81 the idea then took hold throughout britain 82 before extending to australian and american department stores in the 1890s with james edgar starting in 1890 in his brockton massachusetts department store 83 having a santa actor set up to take pictures with children is a ritual that dates back at least to 1918 84 an area is often set aside for the actors portraying santa to use for the duration of the holiday season it usually features a chair for the actors to sit in surrounded by various holiday themed decorations in canada malls operated by oxford 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