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sm a short history oneworld publications isbn 978 1 78074 680 7 retrieved 2025 02 03 olivelle patrick 2005 manu s code of law oxford university press isbn 978 0195171464 rocher ludo 1986 2 2 4 the purāņas as historical documents the purāṇas history of indian literature otto harrassowitz verlag pp 115 132 isbn 978 3 447 02522 5 retrieved 2024 09 23 singh g p 2004 the puranic tradition of historiography in india indian historical review 31 1 2 1 17 doi 10 1177 037698360403100201 issn 0376 9836 singh upinder 2006 delhi ancient history berghahn books isbn 9788187358299 singh upinder 2008 history of ancient and early medieval india from the stone age to the 12th century pearson education india singh upinder 2009 history of ancient and early medieval india from the stone age to the 12th century longman isbn 978 8131716779 singh bal ram 2010 origin of indian civilization first ed dartmouth center for indic studies university of massachusetts and d k printworld new delhi isbn 978 8124605608 archived from the original on 2016 03 04 thapar romila 2013 the past before us harvard university press isbn 978 0 674 72651 2 trautmann thomas 2005 the aryan debate oxford university press warder a k 2000 indian buddhism delhi motilal banarsidass publishers witzel michael 1990 on indian historical writing the case of the vaṃśāvalīs journal of the japanese association for south asian studies 1 1 57 witzel michael 1995 early sanskritization origin and development of the kuru state pdf ejvs 1 4 archived from the original pdf on 2007 06 11 witzel michael e j 2001 autochthonous aryans the evidence from old indian and iranian texts electronic journal of vedic studies 7 3 1 115 web sources edit the vedic foundation chronology 1 2 the vedic foundation introduction wendy doniger 2008 mahabharata hindu literature encyclopædia britannica online archived from the original on 2008 05 10 retrieved 2008 10 13 further reading edit frawley david 1993 gods sages and kings vedic secrets of ancient civilization motilal banarsidass publ external links edit indigenous understanding of puranic chronology chronological chart of the history of bharatvarsh since its origination royal chronology and history of india bharat hindu timeline reclaiming the chronology of bharatvam archived 2023 02 01 at the wayback machine bharatiya timeline archived 2023 02 01 at the wayback machine the history of bharata or india according to indian astronomy scholarly studies of indian history sahal muhammed 2019 how science has destroyed the foundation of rss idea of india v t e hinduism topics glossary index timeline philosophy concepts brahman om ishvara atman maya karma saṃsāra puruṣārthas dharma artha kama moksha niti ahimsa asteya aparigraha brahmacharya satya dāna damah dayā akrodha schools āstika samkhya yoga nyaya vaisheshika mīmāṃsā vedanta svābhāvika bhedābheda dvaita advaita vishishtadvaita nāstika charvaka texts classification śruti smṛti vedas rigveda yajurveda samaveda atharvaveda divisions samhita brahmana aranyaka upanishads aitareya kaushitaki brihadaranyaka isha taittiriya katha maitrayaniya shvetashvatara chandogya kena mundaka mandukya prashna upavedas ayurveda dhanurveda natyaveda sthapatyaveda vedanga shiksha chandas vyākaraṇa nirukta kalpa jyotisha other bhagavad gita agamas itihasas ramayana mahabharata puranas minor upanishads arthashastra nitisara dharmaśāstra manusmriti nāradasmṛti yājñavalkya smṛti sutras stotras subhashita tantras yoga vasistha yoga sutras of patanjali sangam literature tirumurai divya prabandham tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai thiruppugal thirukkural kamba ramayanam five great epics eighteen greater texts eighteen lesser texts athichudi iraiyanar akapporul abhirami antati thiruvilaiyadal puranam vinayagar agaval vedarthasamgraha deities gods trimurti brahma vishnu shiva agni dattatreya ganesha hanuman indra kartikeya krishna rama surya varuna vayu more goddesses tridevi saraswati lakshmi parvati bhumi durga kali mahavidya matrika radha rukmini sati shakti shashthi sita more practices worship temple murti puja bhakti japa bhajan naivedhya yajna homa tapas dhyāna tirthatana sanskaras garbhadhana pumsavana simantonayana jatakarma namakarana nishkramana annaprashana chudakarana karnavedha vidyarambha upanayana keshanta ritushuddhi samavartanam vivaha antyeshti varnashrama varna brahmin kshatriya vaishya shudra ashrama brahmacharya grihastha vanaprastha sannyasa festivals diwali holi shivaratri raksha bandhan navaratri durga puja ramlila vijayadashami ganesh chaturthi rama navami janmashtami onam pongal makar sankranti new year bihu gudi padwa pahela baishakh puthandu vaisakhi vishu ugadi kumbh mela haridwar nashik prayag ujjain ratha yatra teej vasant panchami others other svādhyāya namaste bindi tilaka related hindus etymology list denominations law calendar anti hindu sentiment criticism hindu gurus and sants hindu studies iconography mythology nationalism hindutva persecution pilgrimage sites bahi registers india relations with other religions baháʼí buddhism islam jainism judaism sikhism theosophy glossary hinduism by country hindu temples lists architecture outline category portal wikiproject v t e mahabharata traditional author and narrators vyasa vaisampayana ugrashrava sauti books parva s adi sabha vana virata udyoga bhishma bhagavad gita drona karna shalya sauptika stri shanti anushasana ashvamedhika ashramavasika mausala mahaprasthanika svargarohana kingdoms and tribes kuru hastinapur indraprastha kurukshetra panchala kampilya ahichchhatra anarta dvaraka gandhara matsya upaplavya madra kunti magadha chedi kashi kosala sindhu shalva avanti anga kekaya kalinga vidarbha pandya trigarta bahlikas kambojas yadavas vrishni bhoja nishadas more major events sarpa satra lakshagriha svayamvara mayasabha rajasuya vanavasa ghoshyatra ajnatavasa kurukshetra war vishvarupa chakravyūha ashvamedha characters pandava alliance pandavas yudhishthira bhima arjuna nakula sahadeva krishna role in the mahabharata dhrishtadyumna drupada virata satyaki abhimanyu shikhandi dhrishtaketu ghatotkacha uttamaujas and yudhamanyu draupadeyas yuyutsu iravan uttara sahadeva jayatsena kaurava alliance kauravas duryodhana duhshasana vikarna 97 more bhishma drona karna shalya ashvatthama shakuni kripa jayadratha kritavarma bahlika bhurishravas bhagadatta vinda and anuvinda susharma sudakshina shrutayudha lakshmana uluka vrishasena remaining kuru family shantanu satyavati chitrangada vichitravirya ambika ambalika dhritarashtra gandhari pandu kunti madri vidura draupadi subhadra ulupi chitrāngadā babhruvahana uttarā parikshit janamejaya duhshala other notable amba balarama chitrasena deva agni ashvins brahma dharma indra shiva surya varuna vayu vishnu dhaumya durvasa ekalavya ganga hanuman hidimba hidimbi jarasandha jatasura kichaka kindama lomasha narada parashurama purochana rukmi samvarana sanjaya satyabhama shishupala sudeshna tapati vyasa more upakhyana minor episodes nala upakhyana nala damayanti pushkara rama upakhyana rama sita lakshmana ravana savitri upakhyana shakuntala dushyanta bharata kanva yayati devayani sharmishtha yadu puru madhavi related avatars kingdoms vedic era epic puranic chronology harivamsha sarasvati river category v t e ramayana ikshvaku dynasty dasharatha kausalya sumitra kaikeyi rama bharata lakshmana shatrughna sita urmila mandavi shrutakirti lava kusha vanara hanuman sugriva vali angada tara rumā nala nila kesari anjana makaradhwaja rakshasa ravana vibhishana kumbhakarna indrajit akshayakumara atikaya kabandha khara dushana mandodari dhanyamalini lavanasura malyavan maricha mayasura narantaka devantaka prahasta sarama subahu sulochana sumali shurpanakha tataka trijata trishira viradha sages agastya ahalya arundhati bharadvaja kambhoja parashurama vasishtha vishvamitra rishyasringa valmiki other figures and concepts lakshmana rekha jambavan janaka kushadhvaja jatayu manthara maya sita sampati shabari shanta shravana kumara vedavati shambuka places ayodhya mithila dandakaranya kishkindha lanka oshadhiparvata books kandas bala ayodhya aranya kishkindha sundara yuddha uttara versions adbhuta ramayana sanskrit adhyathmaramayanam malayalam adhyatma ramayana sanskrit ananda ramayana sanskrit bhanubhakta ramayana nepali bhaṭṭikāvya sanskrit bilanka ramayana odia hikayat seri rama malay jagamohana ramayana odia kakawin ramayana old javanese kamba ramayanam tamil krittivasi ramayana bengali maharadia lawana maranao molla ramayanam telugu phra lak phra ram lao raghunatha ramayana telugu ramakien thai ramayana kalpavruksham telugu ramcharitmanas awadhi ranganatha ramayanamu telugu reamker khmer saptakanda ramayana assamese sri ramayana darshanam kannnada sri ramayanamu telugu trai bhet khmer yama zatdaw burmese related ramlila 108 metres mithila s ramayana painting v t e religion outline timeline aspects apostasy disaffiliation behaviour clergy monasticism monk novice nun ordination priest conversion assimilation missionary proselytism denomination education school laity orthodoxy orthopraxy prayer call ritual liturgy purification sacrifice symbols text theism monotheism pantheism polytheism transtheism worship astral nature fire place beliefs covenant deity faith entheogens experience meditation mysticism mythology prophecy sacred space bodies of water groves mountains trees salvation soul spirituality animism supernatural truth water studies anthropology cognitive science comparative evolutionary origin of religion evolutionary psychology history neurotheology philosophy psychology sociology soteriology theology theories about religion religion and society agriculture business clericalism laicism disability fanaticism freedom pluralism syncretism toleration universalism fundamentalism growth gender women happiness lgbtq people homosexuality intersex people transgender people minorities politics religiocentrism schism science sexuality state suicide theocracy vegetarianism video games violence persecution terrorism war sectarian wealth secularism and irreligion antireligion criticism deconstruction nontheism agnosticism atheism secular humanism secular religion secular theology secularization separation of church and state lists deification deities in monotheism founders index mass gatherings organizations religions and spiritual traditions new religious movements religious populations countries by importance of religion religious sites religious groups and denominations ethnic folk major indigenous altaic mongolian turkic tengrism tungusic evenki manchu austronesian batak parmalim dayak kaharingan indonesian aliran kepercayaan kejawèn kapitayan karo pemena malaysian traditional sabahan religions philippine dayawism tagalog polynesian hawaiian māori sumbese marapu sundanese wiwitan east asian chinese folk religion confucianism luo teaching nuo shinto list shugendō ryukyuan taoism folk taoism yao taoism korean shamanism cheondoism jeungsanism vietnamese folk religion đạo mẫu hoahaoism đạo bửu sơn kỳ hương indo iranian kalash sarnaism kiratism vedda religions ravidassia yazdânism shabakism yarsanism yazidism native american abenaki alaskan anishinaabe ojibwe midewiwin wabunowin apache blackfoot californian kuksu miwok ohlone pomo cherokee four mothers society keetoowah society chilote choctaw crow ghost dance sun dance guarani haida haudenosaunee longhouse mohawk seneca ho chunk jivaroan kwakwakaʼwakw lenape mapuche mesoamerican aztec maya purépecha muisca muscogee native american church navajo nuu chah nulth pawnee pueblo acoma pueblo hopi zuni sioux lakota wocekiye tsimshian ute washat dreamers wyandot yaqui semitic druze mandaeism samaritanism jewish orthodox haredi hasidic modern zionist conservative reform karaite haymanot reconstructionist renewal humanistic list tai and miao ahom hmongism mo satsana phi tibeto burmese bon burmese benzhuism bimoism bathouism bongthingism daba dongba donyi polo gurung heraka kiratism qiang sanamahism traditional african akamba akan baluba berber guanche church bantu kongo zulu bushongo dinka dogon efik fon and ewe ik lotuko lozi lugbara maasai mbuti odinala san serer tumbuka urhobo waaqeffanna yoruba ifá diasporic candomblé bantu jejé ketu comfa convince espiritismo kumina obeah palo quimbanda santería tambor de mina trinidad orisha umbanda vodou voodoo winti other ethnic aboriginal australian inuit papuan siberian world abrahamic christianity catholicism latin eastern eastern orthodoxy oriental orthodoxy protestantism adventism anabaptism amish anglicanism baptists calvinism charismatic christianity pentecostal evangelicalism lutheran methodist non denominational quakers restorationism bible students jehovah s witnesses mormonism esoteric spiritual independent catholicism old catholic unitarianism list islam sunnism ash arism maturidism atharism salafism wahhabism modernist salafism shi ism alawism ali illahism ismailism twelver shi ism zaydism sufism khawarij ibadism alevism ishikism kurdish alevism ahmadi mahdavism quranism milah abraham non denominational list dharmic hinduism ayyavazhi vaishnavism krishnaism sri vaishnavism brahma sampradaya nimbarka sampradaya pushtimarg mahanubhava ramanandi warkari swaminarayan shaivism shaiva siddhanta ganapatya kashmiri kapalika kaumaram lingayatism nath balinese shaktism smartism śrauta sant mat neo hinduism list buddhism theravada mahayana chan zen thiền amidism nichiren vajrayana tibetan neo buddhism list other jainism digambara śvetāmbara sikhism khalsa sects iranian zoroastrian blagovery ilm e khshnoom mazdaznan zurvanism new religious movements syncretic bábism azalism baháʼí faith blagovery brahmoism caodaism chinese xiantiandao yiguandao falun gong coconut religion japanese tenrikyo meivazhi modekngei new age new thought rajneesh rastafari sant mat radha soami spiritualism subud tensegrity thelema theosophy neo theosophy agni yoga and roerichism new acropolis transcendental meditation unitarian universalism white brotherhood modern paganism assianism abkhaz baltic dievturība romuva burkhanism celtic druidry godianism hellenism heathenry hetanism neoshamanism polytheistic reconstructionism kemetism roman slavic russian authentism uralic estonian finnish hungarian mari erzya sámi udmurt vattisen yaly wicca zalmoxianism list de novo anthroposophy the christian community discordianism eckankar fourth way goddess movement jediism satanism scientology ufo religion raëlism historical religions prehistoric paleolithic ainu armenian baltic latvian lithuanian old prussian basque celtic druidism irish circassian dravidian egyptian atenism etruscan finnish fuegian selkʼnam georgian germanic anglo saxon continental frankish norse greek gnosticism greco buddhism hellenistic philosophical religions hermeticism mysteries orphism guanche harappan hittite hungarian hurrian illinois inca jamaican maroon manichaeism chinese melanesian mesopotamian babylonian sumerian micronesian nauruan olmec paleo balkan albanian dacian illyrian thracian polynesian cook islands rapa nui tongan proto in...
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