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ol internet service provider ip address internet message access protocol simple mail transfer protocol services blogs microblogging email fax file sharing file transfer games instant messaging podcasts shopping television voice over ip world wide web search history timeline protocol wars pioneers oldest domain names internet portal v t e the internet engineering task force ietf is a standards organization for the internet responsible for the technical standards of the internet protocol suite tcp ip 3 it has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors the ietf was initially supported by the federal government of the united states but since 1993 has operated under the auspices of the internet society an american non profit organization with local chapters around the world organization edit governance structure of the ietf there is no membership in the ietf anyone can participate by signing up for a working group mailing list or registering for an ietf meeting 4 the process for developing ietf standards is open and all inclusive anyone can participate by joining a working group and attending meetings 2 each working group normally has appointed two co chairs occasionally three a charter that describes its focus what it is expected to produce and when it is open to all who want to participate and holds discussions on an open mailing list working groups hold open sessions at ietf meetings where the onsite registration fee in 2024 was between us 875 early registration and 1200 per person for the week 5 significant discounts are available for students and remote participants as working groups do not make decisions at ietf meetings with all decisions taken later on the working group mailing list meeting attendance is not required for contributors citation needed rough consensus is the primary basis for decision making there are no formal voting procedures each working group is intended to complete work on its topic and then disband in some cases the working group will instead have its charter updated to take on new tasks as appropriate 2 the working groups are grouped into areas by subject matter each area is overseen by an area director ad with most areas having two ads the ads are responsible for appointing working group chairs the area directors together with the ietf chair form the internet engineering steering group iesg which is responsible for the overall operation of the ietf citation needed the internet architecture board iab oversees the ietf s external relationships 6 the iab provides long range technical direction for internet development the iab also manages the internet research task force irtf with which the ietf has a number of cross group relations 7 a nominating committee nomcom of ten randomly chosen volunteers who participate regularly at meetings a non voting chair and 4 or 5 liaisons is vested with the power to appoint reappoint and remove members of the iesg iab ietf trust and the ietf llc 8 to date no one has been removed by a nomcom although several people have resigned their positions and require replacements 9 in 1993 the ietf changed from an activity supported by the us federal government to an independent international activity associated with the internet society a us based 501 c 3 organization 10 in 2018 the internet society created a subsidiary the ietf administration llc to be the corporate legal and financial home for the ietf 11 ietf activities are funded by meeting fees meeting sponsors and by the internet society via its organizational membership and the proceeds of the public interest registry 12 in december 2005 the ietf trust was established to manage the copyrighted materials produced by the ietf 13 steering group edit the internet engineering steering group iesg is a body composed of the internet engineering task force ietf chair and area directors it provides the final technical review of internet standards and is responsible for day to day management of the ietf it receives appeals of the decisions of the working groups and the iesg makes the decision to progress documents in the standards track 14 the chair of the iesg is the area director of the general area who also serves as the overall ietf chair members of the iesg include the two directors sometimes three of each of the following areas 15 applications and real time art general gen internet int operations and management ops routing rtg security sec web and internet transport wit liaison and ex officio members include citation needed ietf executive director aspf iab chair appointed liaison from the iab liaison from the internet assigned numbers authority iana liaison from the request for comments rfc editor early leadership and administrative history edit the gateway algorithms and data structures gads task force was the precursor to the ietf its chairman was david l mills of the university of delaware 16 in january 1986 the internet activities board iab now called the internet architecture board decided to divide gads into two entities an internet architecture inarc task force chaired by mills to pursue research goals and the ietf to handle nearer term engineering and technology transfer issues 16 the first ietf chair was mike corrigan who was then the technical program manager for the defense data network ddn 16 also in 1986 after leaving darpa robert e kahn founded the corporation for national research initiatives cnri which began providing administrative support to the ietf 17 18 in 1987 corrigan was succeeded as ietf chair by phill gross 19 effective march 1 1989 but providing support dating back to late 1988 cnri and nsf entered into a cooperative agreement no ncr 8820945 wherein cnri agreed to create and provide a secretariat for the overall coordination management and support of the work of the iab its various task forces and particularly the ietf 20 in 1992 cnri supported the formation and early funding of the internet society which took on the ietf as a fiscally sponsored project along with the iab the irtf and the organization of annual inet meetings gross continued to serve as ietf chair throughout this transition cerf kahn and lyman chapin announced the formation of isoc as a professional society to facilitate support and promote the evolution and growth of the internet as a global research communications infrastructure 21 at the first board meeting of the internet society cerf representing cnri offered in the event a deficit occurs cnri has agreed to contribute up to usd 102 000 to offset it 22 in 1993 cerf continued to support the formation of isoc while working for cnri 23 and the role of isoc in the official procedures for creating and documenting internet standards was codified in the ietf s rfc 1602 24 in 1995 ietf s rfc 2031 describes isoc s role in the ietf as being purely administrative and isoc as having no influence whatsoever on the internet standards process the internet standards or their technical content 25 in 1998 cnri established foretec seminars inc foretec a for profit subsidiary to take over providing secretariat services to the ietf 20 foretec provided these services until at least 2004 20 by 2013 foretec was dissolved 26 in 2003 ietf s rfc 3677 described ietfs role in appointing three board members to the isoc s board of directors 27 in 2018 isoc established the ietf administration llc a separate llc to handle the administration of the ietf 28 in 2019 the llc issued a call for proposals to provide secretariat services to the ietf 29 meetings edit the first ietf meeting was attended by 21 us federal government funded researchers on 16 january 1986 it was a continuation of the work of the earlier gads task force representatives from non governmental entities such as gateway vendors 30 were invited to attend starting with the fourth ietf meeting in october 1986 since that time all ietf meetings have been open to the public 2 initially the ietf met quarterly but from 1991 it has been meeting three times a year the initial meetings were very small with fewer than 35 people in attendance at each of the first five meetings the maximum attendance during the first 13 meetings was only 120 attendees this occurred at the twelfth meeting held during january 1989 these meetings have grown in both participation and scope a great deal since the early 1990s it had a maximum attendance of 2810 at the december 2000 ietf held in san diego california attendance declined with industry restructuring during the early 2000s and is currently around 1200 31 2 the locations for ietf meetings vary greatly a list of past and future meeting locations is on the ietf meetings page 32 the ietf strives to hold its meetings near where most of the ietf volunteers are located ietf meetings are held three times a year with one meeting each in asia europe and north america an occasional exploratory meeting is held outside of those regions in place of one of the other regions 33 promotion the ietf also organizes hackathons during the ietf meetings the focus is on implementing code that will improve standards in terms of quality and interoperability 34 birds of a feather edit in an ietf context bof birds of a feather can refer to an informal discussion group unlike special interest groups or working groups bofs are informal and often formed in an ad hoc manner the acronym is used by the ietf to denote initial meetings of members interested in a particular issue a bof session is an informal meeting at conferences where the attendees group together based on a shared interest and carry out discussions without any pre planned agenda the first use of this term among computer specialists is uncertain but it was employed during decus conferences and may have been used at share user group meetings in the 1960s 35 bofs can facilitate networking and partnership formation among subgroups including functionally oriented groups such as ceos or geographically oriented groups 36 bofs generally allow for more audience interaction than the panel discussions typically seen at conventions the discussions are not completely unguided though as there is still a discussion leader 37 the term is derived from the proverb birds of a feather flock together the idiomatic phrase birds of a feather means people having similar characters backgrounds interests or beliefs in old poetic english birds of a feather means birds that have the same kind of feathers so the proverb refers to the fact that birds congregate with birds of their own species operations edit the details of ietf operations have changed considerably as the organization has grown but the basic mechanism remains publication of proposed specifications development based on the proposals review and independent testing by participants and republication as a revised proposal a draft proposal or eventually as an internet standard ietf standards are developed in an open all inclusive process in which any interested individual can participate all ietf documents are freely available over the internet and can be reproduced at will multiple working useful interoperable implementations are the chief requirement before an ietf proposed specification can become a standard 2 most specifications are focused on single protocols rather than tightly interlocked systems this has allowed the protocols to be used in many different systems and its standards are routinely reused by bodies which create full fledged architectures e g 3gpp ims citation needed because it relies on volunteers and uses rough consensus and running code as its touchstone results can be slow whenever the number of volunteers is either too small to make progress or so large as to make consensus difficult or when volunteers lack the necessary expertise for protocols like smtp which is used to transport e mail for a user community in the many hundreds of millions there is also considerable resistance to any change that is not fully backward compatible except for ipv6 work within the ietf on ways to improve the speed of the standards making process is ongoing but because the number of volunteers with opinions on it is very great consensus on improvements has been slow to develop citation needed the ietf cooperates with the w3c iso iec itu and other standards bodies 10 statistics are available that show who the top contributors by rfc publication are 38 while the ietf only allows for participation by individuals and not by corporations or governments sponsorship information is available from these statistics citation needed criticism edit in 2025 criticism intensified within the ietf that intelligence agencies were exerting undue influence sparking concerns on a lack of transparency in the decision making process 39 40 chairs edit the ietf chairman is selected by the nomcom process for a two year renewable term 41 before 1993 the ietf chair was selected by the iab 42 a list of the past and current chairs of the ietf mike corrigan 1986 phill gross 1986 1994 paul mockapetris 1994 1996 fred baker 1996 2001 harald tveit alvestrand 2001 2005 brian carpenter 2005 2007 russ housley 2007 2013 jari arkko 2013 2017 alissa cooper 43 2017 2021 lars eggert 2021 2024 roman danyliw 2024 topics of interest edit the ietf works on a broad range of networking technologies that provide the foundation for the internet s growth and evolution 44 automated network management edit it aims to improve the efficiency in management of networks as they grow in size and complexity the ietf is also standardizing protocols for autonomic networking that enable networks to be self managing 45 internet of things edit it is a network of physical objects or things that are embedded with electronics sensors software and also enables objects to exchange data with operator manufacturer and other connected devices several ietf working groups are developing protocols that are directly relevant to iot 46 new transport technology edit its development gives internet applications the ability to send data over the internet there are some transport protocols such as tcp transmission control protocol and udp user datagram protocol which are continuously getting extended and refined to meet the demands of the global internet 47 generic security service api edit the ietf defines a generic security services application programming interface gssapi which provides security services to callers in a generic fashion 48 among these are various implementations java provides these features in its standard library package org ietf jgss 49 see also edit internet portal internet governance open space technology unconference references edit jacobsen o lynch d march 1991 a glossary of networking terms ietf p 7 doi 10 17487 rfc1208 issn 2070 1721 rfc 1208 1 2 3 4 5 6 internet engineering task force archived december 28 2014 at the wayback machine scott bradner open sources voices 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