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early christians bloomington in indiana university press 1986 isbn 0 253 20385 6 pp 6 7 plin ep 96 5 tulane university roman currency of the principate tulane edu archived from the original on 1 november 2008 retrieved 5 december 2011 petit 1976 p 188 alimenta tjbuggey ancients info archived from the original on 10 february 2014 retrieved 25 april 2014 john rich andrew wallace hadrill eds city and country in the ancient world london routledge 2003 isbn 0 203 41870 0 p 158 1 2 de imperatoribus romanis an online encyclopedia of roman emperors retrieved 21 july 2007 battle of sarmizegetusa sarmizegetuza a d 105 during trajan s reign one of the most important roman successes was the victory over the dacians the first important confrontation between the romans and the dacians had taken place in the year 87 and was initiated by domitian the praetorian prefect cornelius fuscus led five or six legions across the danube on a bridge of ships and advanced towards banat in romania the romans were surprised by a dacian attack at tapae near the village of bucova in romania legion v alaude was crushed and cornelius fuscus was killed the victorious dacian general was called decebalus the brave one schmitz 2005 p 9 marcel emerit les derniers travaux des historiens roumains sur la dacie in revue des études anciennes tome 41 1939 n 1 pp 57 64 available at retrieved 23 february 2016 luttwak 1979 p 100 schmitz 2005 p 13 de imperatoribus romanis an online encyclopedia of roman emperors retrieved 8 november 2007 because the dacians represented an obstacle against roman expansion in the east in the year 101 the emperor trajan decided to begin a new campaign against them the first war began on 25 march 101 and the roman troops consisting of four principal legions x gemina xi claudia ii traiana fortis and xxx ulpia victrix defeated the dacians 1 2 le roux 1998 p 73 battle of sarmizegetusa sarmizegetuza a d 105 de imperatoribus romanis an online encyclopedia of roman emperors retrieved 8 november 2007 although the dacians had been defeated the emperor postponed the final siege for the conquering of sarmizegetuza because his armies needed reorganization trajan imposed on the dacians very hard peace conditions decebalus had to renounce claim to part of his kingdom including the banat tara hategului oltenia and muntenia in the area south west of transylvania he had also to surrender all the roman deserters and all his war machines at rome trajan was received as a winner and he took the name of dacicus a title that appears on his coinage of this period at the beginning of the year 103 a d there were minted coins with the inscription imp nerva traianvs avg ger dacicvs jackson 2022 ch 7 josé maria blázquez las res gestae de trajano militar las guerras dácicas aquila legionis 6 2005 19 ioan glodariu la zone de sarmizegetusa regia et les guerres de trajan studia antiqua et archaeologica vii iasi 2000 available at vii iasi 2000 pdf retrieved 2 july 2014 bennett 2001 pp 94 95 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0 8078 3063 5 p 253 martin goodman the roman world 44 bc ad 180 253 jennifer trimble women and visual replication in roman imperial art and culture cambridge u press 2011 isbn 978 0 521 82515 3 p 288 ioana a oltean dacia landscape colonization and romanization abingdon routledge 2007 isbn 0 203 94583 2 p 222 le roux 1998 p 268 carbó garcía juan ramón dacia capta particularidades de un proceso de conquista y romanización habis 41 275 292 2010 meléndez javier bermejo santiago robles esparcia and juan m campos carrasco trajano fundador el último impulso colonizador del imperio onoba revista de arqueología y antigüedad 1 2013 1 2 sartre 1994 p 269 1 2 luttwak 1979 pp 101 104 luttwak 1979 p 101 mattern 1999 p 61 frank vermeulen kathy sas wouter dhaeze eds archaeology in confrontation aspects of roman military presence in the northwest studies in honour of prof em hugo thoen ghent academia press 2004 isbn 90 382 0578 3 p 218 luttwak 1979 p 104 moses i finley ed classical slavery london routledge 2014 isbn 0 7146 3320 8 p 122 le roux 1998 p 241 le roux 1998 pp 202 242 steven a epstein wage labor and guilds in medieval europe unc press 1991 isbn 0 8078 1939 5 p 26 paul du plessis studying roman law bloomsbury publishing 2014 p 82 bennett 2001 pp 102 90 1 2 sartre 1994 p 46 bennett 2001 p 177 bennett 2001 pp 172 182 browning 1982 p 33 brian campbell war and diplomacy rome parthia 31 bc ad 235 in john rich graham shipley eds war and society in the roman world london routledge 1993 isbn 0 203 07554 4 p 234 r p longden notes on the parthian campaigns of trajan the journal of roman studies vol 21 1931 pp 1 35 available at retrieved 18 august 2019 sidebotham 1986 p 154 young 2001 p 181 daniel t potts ed araby the blest studies in arabian archaeology copenhagen museum tusculanum press 1988 isbn 87 7289 051 7 p 142 potts 143 veyne 2005 p 279 julian reade ed the indian ocean in antiquity london routledge 2013 isbn 0 7103 0435 8 p 279 george fadlo hourani arab seafaring in the 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and the distant east trade routes to the ancient lands of arabia india and china london continuum 2010 isbn 978 1 84725 235 7 p 130 olivier hekster propagating power hercules as an example for second century emperors herakles and hercules exploring a graeco roman divinity 2005 205 21 available at retrieved 18 august 2019 des boscs plateaux 2005 pp 304 311 dexter hoyos ed a companion to roman imperialism leiden brill 2012 isbn 978 90 04 23593 9 p 262 luttwak 1979 p 108 1 2 jackson 2022 ch 10 david kennedy derrick riley rome s desert frontiers london b t datsford limited 2004 isbn 0 7134 6262 0 pp 31 32 discovered in 1967 in pokr vedi made of vedi limestone now kept at the history museum of armenia see sign arakelyan babken 1967 լատիներեն արձանագրություններ արտաշատ մայրաքաղաքից inscriptions in latin from the ancient armenian capital of artashat patma banasirakan handes in armenian 4 302 311 archived from the original on 11 november 2016 fergus millar the roman near east 31 b c a d 337 harvard university press 1993 isbn 0 674 77886 3 p 103 john rich graham shipley eds war and society in the roman world london routledge 1993 isbn 0 415 06644 1 p 235 bennett 2001 pp 194 195 hermann bengtson römische geschichte republik und kaiserzeit bis 284 n chr munich beck 2001 isbn 3 406 02505 6 p 289 alfred s bradford with arrow sword and spear a history of warfare in the ancient world westport ct greenwood 2001 isbn 0 275 95259 2 p 232 choisnel 2004 p 164 s j de laet review of lepper trajan s parthian war l antiquité classique 18 2 1949 pp 487 489 richard stoneman palmyra and its empire zenobia s revolt against rome ann arbor 1994 university of michigan press isbn 0 472 08315 5 p 89 sheldon rose mary 2010 rome s wars in parthia blood in the sand london vallentine mitchell p 133 bennett 2001 p 195 1 2 3 4 5 bennett 2001 p 199 maurice sartre the middle east under rome harvard university press 2005 isbn 0 674 01683 1 p 146 bennett 2001 p 196 petit 1976 p 44 fergus millar the roman 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