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a comparison of denmark and greece and quantitative research on 180 countries across 1789 2019 haakon gjerløw carl henrik knutsen tore wig and matthew c wilson in one road to riches 2022 find little evidence to support the stateness first argument 204 based on a comparison of european and latin american countries sebastián mazzuca and gerardo munck in a middle quality institutional trap 2021 argue that counter to the state first thesis the starting point of political developments is less important than whether the state democracy relationship is a virtuous cycle triggering causal mechanisms that reinforce each 205 in sequences of democratization for many countries morrison et al found elections as the most frequent first element of the sequence of democratization but found this ordering does not necessarily predict successful democratization 206 the democratic peace theory claims that democracy causes peace while the territorial peace theory claims that peace causes democracy 207 notes edit in 1848 camillo benso count of cavour had formed a parliamentary group in the kingdom of sardinia parliament named the partito liberale italiano italian liberal party from 1860 with the unification of italy substantially realized and the death of cavour himself in 1861 the liberal party was split into at least two major factions or new parties later known as the destra storica on the right wing who substantially assembled the count of cavour s followers and political heirs and the sinistra storica on the left wing who mostly reunited the followers and sympathizers of giuseppe garibaldi and other former mazzinians the historical right destra storica and the historical left sinistra storica were composed of royalist liberals at the same time radicals organized themselves into the radical party and republicans into the italian republican party some historians suggest an earlier date for the conclusion of the transition 38 including the 1977 general election the 1978 constitution or the 1981 attempted coup one writer suggests the transition only concluded in 2006 with the end of consensus politics and the re emergence of open debate on divisive issues 39 references edit arugay aries a 2021 democratic transitions the palgrave encyclopedia of global security studies cham springer international publishing pp 1 7 doi 10 1007 978 3 319 74336 3_190 1 isbn 978 3 319 74336 3 s2cid 240235199 lindenfors patrik wilson matthew lindberg staffan i 2020 the matthew effect in political science head start and key reforms important for democratization humanities and social sciences communications 7 106 106 doi 10 1057 s41599 020 00596 7 schmitz hans peter 2004 domestic and transnational perspectives on democratization international studies review 6 3 international studies association wiley 403 426 doi 10 1111 j 1521 9488 2004 00423 x issn 1521 9488 jstor 3699697 bogaards matthijs 2010 measures of democratization from degree to type to war political research quarterly 63 2 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