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um trident maple a buergerianum amur maple a ginnala field maple a campestre and montpellier maple a monspessulanum are popular choices and respond well to techniques that encourage leaf reduction and ramification but most species can be used 5 26 collections edit acer griseum is widely grown for its decorative bark maple collections sometimes called aceretums occupy space in many gardens and arboreta around the world including the five great w s in england wakehurst place garden westonbirt arboretum windsor great park winkworth arboretum and wisley garden in the united states the aceretum at the harvard owned arnold arboretum in boston is especially notable in the number of species and cultivars the esveld aceretum in boskoop netherlands is the largest in the world 5 commercial uses edit maples are important as sources of syrup and wood dried wood is often used for the smoking of food charcoal from maples is an integral part of the lincoln county process used to make tennessee whiskey 27 they are also cultivated as ornamental plants and have benefits for tourism and agriculture timber edit a bench made of highly figured maple wood some of the larger maple species have valuable timber particularly sugar maple in north america and sycamore maple in europe sugar maple wood often known as hard maple is the wood of choice for bowling pins bowling alley lanes pool and snooker cue shafts and butcher s blocks maple wood is also used for the manufacture of wooden baseball bats though less often than ash or hickory due to the tendency of maple bats to shatter if they do break the maple bat was introduced to major league baseball mlb in 1998 by sam bat founder sam holman today it is the standard maple bat most in use by professional baseball 28 maple is also commonly used in archery as the core material in the limbs of a recurve bow due to its stiffness and strength citation needed maple wood is often graded based on physical and aesthetic characteristics the most common terminology includes the grading scale from common 2 which is unselected and often used for craft woods common 1 used for commercial and residential buildings clear and select grade which is sought for fine woodworking 29 some maple wood has a highly decorative wood grain variously known as flame maple quilt maple birdseye maple and burl wood this condition occurs randomly in individual trees of several species and often cannot be detected until the wood has been sawn though it is sometimes visible in the standing tree as a rippled pattern in the bark citation needed these select decorative wood pieces also have subcategories that further filter the aesthetic looks crotch wood bees wing cats paw old growth and mottled are some terms used to describe the look of these decorative woods 30 maples have a long history of use for furniture production in the united states 31 the cherokee people would produce a purple dye from maple bark which they used to dye cloth 32 33 tonewood edit maple is considered a tonewood or a wood that carries sound waves well and is used in numerous musical instruments maple is harder and has a brighter sound than mahogany which is another major tonewood used in instrument manufacturing 34 the back sides and neck of most violins violas cellos and double basses are made from maple 35 electric guitar necks are commonly made from maple having good dimensional stability the necks of the fender stratocaster and telecaster were originally an entirely maple one piece neck but later were also available with rosewood fingerboards les paul desired an all maple guitar but due to the weight of maple only the tops of gibson s les paul guitars are made from carved maple often using quilted or flamed maple tops due to its weight very few solid body guitars are made entirely from maple but many guitars have maple necks tops or veneers citation needed maple is also often used to make bassoons and sometimes other woodwind instruments such as recorders 36 37 many drums are made from maple from the 1970s to the 1990s maple drum kits were a vast majority of all drum kits made but in recent years birch has become popular for drums once again some of the best drum building companies use maple extensively throughout their mid pro range 5 maple drums are favored for their bright resonant sound 38 certain drum sticks are also made from maple 39 agriculture edit during late winter to early spring in northeastern north america when the night to day temperatures change from freezing to thawing maple trees may be tapped for sap to manufacture maple syrup 40 the sap is sent via tubing to a sugar house where it is boiled to produce syrup or made into maple sugar or maple taffy it takes about 40 litres 42 us qt of sugar maple sap to make 1 litre 1 1 us qt of syrup 40 while any acer species may be tapped for syrup many do not have sufficient quantities of sugar to be commercially useful whereas sugar maples a saccharum are most commonly used to produce maple syrup 40 quebec is a major producer of maple syrup an industry worth about 500 million canadian dollars annually 40 41 also as these trees are a major source of pollen in early spring before many other plants have flowered maple flowers are a source of foraging for honeybees that play a commercially important role in general agriculture and in natural habitats 42 pulpwood edit maple is used as pulpwood the fibers have relatively thick walls that prevent collapsing upon drying this gives good bulk and opacity in paper with a lignin content of approximately 21 maple is often processed into high yield pulp to enhance printing properties 43 tourism edit many maples have bright autumn foliage and many countries have leaf watching traditions the sugar maple acer saccharum whose leaves turn brilliant orange is the primary contributor to fall foliage season in north eastern north america in japan the custom of viewing the changing colour of maples in the autumn is called momijigari nikkō and kyoto are particularly favoured destinations for this activity in korea the same viewing activity is called danpung nori and the seoraksan and naejang san mountains are among the best known destinations these are examples of ecosystem services are examples of cultural ecosystem services that hold relational value 44 gallery edit acer buergerianum var formosanum leaves and fruit acer cappadocicum cappadocian maple acer carpinifolium leaves acer ginnala foliage acer grandidentatum bigtooth maple in autumn colour acer griseum paperbark maple acer laevigatum leaves and fruit acer macrophyllum flowers and young leaves acer oliverianum trunk acer palmatum trees and bamboo in japan acer palmatum leaf in autumn acer platanoides leaf acer platanoides norway maple samaras acer rubrum leaves acer rubrum tree in autumn acer sempervirens foliage acer freemanii autumn blaze a cross between a rubrum and a saccharinum maple acer stem 1 year 100x actual diameter 2 0 2 2mm see also edit wikimedia commons has media related to acer list of acer species list of award of garden merit maples list of danish acers mazer a drinking vessel made from maple wood list of foods made from maple references edit citations edit 1 2 3 joyce elizabeth m appelhans marc s buerki sven cheek martin de vos jurriaan m pirani josé r zuntini alexandre r bachelier julien b bayly michael j callmander martin w devecchi marcelo f pell susan k groppo milton lowry porter p mitchell john siniscalchi carolina m munzinger jérôme orel harvey k pannell caroline m nauheimer lars sauquet hervé weeks andrea muellner riehl alexandra n leitch ilia j maurin olivier forest félix nargar katharina thiele kevin r baker william j crayn darren m 2023 03 07 phylogenomic analyses of sapindales support new family relationships rapid mid cretaceous hothouse diversification and heterogeneous histories of gene duplication frontiers in plant science 14 1063174 frontiers media sa bibcode 2023frps 1463174j doi 10 3389 fpls 2023 1063174 issn 1664 462x pmc 10028101 pmid 36959945 stevens p f 2001 onwards angiosperm phylogeny website version 9 june 2008 and more or less continuously updated since http www mobot org mobot research apweb xu tingzhi chen yousheng de jong piet c oterdoom herman john chang chin sung acer flora of china vol 11 retrieved 27 may 2012 via efloras org missouri botanical garden st louis mo harvard university herbaria cambridge ma 1 2 gibbs d chen y 2009 the red list of maples archived 2019 05 28 at the wayback machine botanic gardens conservation international bgci isbn 978 1 905164 31 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 van gelderen c j van gelderen d m 1999 maples for gardens a color encyclopedia isbn 978 0 585 25457 9 crowley 2020 acer l from the website trees and shrubs online areces berazain fabiola hinsinger damien d strijk joeri s march 2021 genome wide supermatrix analyses of maples acer sapindaceae reveal recurring inter continental migration mass extinction and rapid lineage divergence genomics 113 2 681 692 doi 10 1016 j ygeno 2021 01 014 pmid 33508445 s2cid 231754169 huxley a ed 1992 new rhs dictionary of gardening macmillan isbn 0 333 47494 5 sky hook spirals from plane popular mechanics december 1944 p 75 classification of genus acer 12 august 2007 archived from the original on 12 august 2007 retrieved 19 november 2017 areces berazain fabiola wang yixi hinsinger damien d strijk joeri s 2020 07 13 plastome comparative genomics in maples resolves the infrageneric backbone relationships peerj 8 e9483 doi 10 7717 peerj 9483 issn 2167 8359 pmc 7365138 pmid 32742784 renner susanne s grimm guido w schneeweiss gerald m stuessy tod f ricklefs robert e 2008 10 01 rooting and dating maples acer with an uncorrelated rates molecular clock implications for north american asian disjunctions systematic biology 57 5 795 808 doi 10 1080 10635150802422282 issn 1063 5157 pmid 18853365 areces berazain fabiola hinsinger damien d strijk joeri s 2021 03 01 genome wide supermatrix analyses of maples acer 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forest and ornamental trees macmillan isbn 0 333 49493 8 fraser alistair b 1998 national symbols the flag of canada retrieved 19 november 2017 heritage canadian official symbols of canada canada ca canada pch gc ca retrieved 19 november 2017 sandberg l anders 2014 urban forests trees and greenspace a political ecology perspective routledge isbn 978 1 134 68763 3 maple n 1 oxford university press retrieved 19 november 2017 via oxford english dictionary suomen kunnallisvaakunat in finnish suomen kunnallisliitto 1982 p 161 isbn 951 773 085 3 sisäasiainministeriön vahvistamat kaupunkien kauppaloiden ja kuntien vaakunat 1949 1995 i 13 sammatti in finnish kansallisarkiston digitaaliarkisto retrieved september 9 2021 permanent dead link d cruz mark ma ke bonsai care guide for acer buergerianum ma ke bonsai archived from the original on 2011 07 14 retrieved 2011 07 05 zandona eric tennessee whiskey gets a legal definition ezdrinking archived from the original on 2014 01 07 retrieved 2014 01 11 sam holman maple baseball bats archived 2010 05 16 at the wayback machine publications pdf ahec org archived from the original pdf on 24 july 2015 retrieved 19 november 2017 wood terms and examples archived 2010 03 14 at the wayback machine joseph aronson 1965 the encyclopedia of furniture random house inc pp 300 isbn 978 0 517 03735 5 retrieved 8 september 2010 knight oliver 1956 57 history of the cherokees 1830 1846 chronicles of oklahoma oklahoma city oklahoma historical society p 164 oclc 647927893 foreman grant 1934 the five civilized tribes norman university of oklahoma press pp 283 284 isbn 978 0 8061 0923 7 cite book isbn date incompatibility help archived copy archived from the original on 2021 03 02 retrieved 2012 11 14 cite web cs1 maint archived copy as title link bucur voichita 2016 description of string instruments for classical music handbook of materials for string musical instruments cham springer pp 43 45 doi 10 1007 978 3 319 32080 9_2 isbn 978 3 319 32080 9 bucur voichita 2019 wood species for reed driven instruments clarinet oboe bassoon and for baroque flute handbook of materials for wind musical instruments cham springer pp 127 166 doi 10 1007 978 3 030 19175 7_3 isbn 978 3 030 19175 7 types of wood for recorders the von huene workshop retrieved 2026 04 18 geoff nicholls tony bacon 1 june 1997 the drum book hal leonard corporation pp 54 isbn 978 0 87930 476 8 retrieved 19 october 2010 wengert gene 2012 11 14 tips for young drummers about wooden drumsticks woodworking network 1 2 3 4 step by step in the production of maple syrup québec maple syrup producers 2021 retrieved 4 october 2021 marowits ross 20 february 2017 quebec increases maple syrup production amid internal revolt foreign competition cbc archived from the original on 18 may 2017 retrieved 21 may 2017 trees for bees and other pollinators arbor day foundation 2021 retrieved 5 october 2021 he shi hongbin liu yonghao ni zhirun yuan xuejun zou zhou yajun 2012 05 01 review use of optical brightening agents obas in the production of paper containing high yield pulps bioresources 7 2 2582 2591 issn 1930 2126 unai pascual 2022 07 09 summary for policymakers of the methodological assessment of the diverse values and valuation of nature of the intergovernmental science policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services ipbes report zenodo doi 10 5281 zenodo 6522392 maples for gardens a color encyclopedia timber press 1999 isbn 978 0 585 25457 9 general bibliography edit philips roger 1979 trees of north america and europe new york random house inc isbn 0 394 50259 0 look up maple in wiktionary the free dictionary v t e woodworking overviews history glossary wood lumber styles boat building bow and arrow bush carpentry cabinetry caning carpentry certosina chainsaw carving chip carving ébéniste fretwork intarsia japanese carpentry khatam kohlrosing log building luthier marquetry millwork pallet crafting parquetry pyrography relief carving root carving segmented 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