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here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia online subscription index of citations web of science producer clarivate history 1997 29 years ago 1997 coverage disciplines science social science arts humanities supports 256 disciplines record depth citation indexing author topic title subject keywords abstract periodical title author s address publication year format coverage articles reviews editorials chronologies abstracts proceedings journals and book based technical papers temporal coverage 1900 present no of records 79 million core collection 171 million platform links website clarivate com academia government scientific and academic research research discovery and referencing web of science logo in 2014 the web of science wos previously known as web of knowledge is a paid access platform that provides typically via the internet access to multiple databases that provide reference and citation data from academic journals conference proceedings and other documents in various academic disciplines it was originally produced by the institute for scientific information until 1997 1 it is currently owned by clarivate 2 web of science currently contains 79 million records in the core collection and 171 million records on the platform 3 history edit a citation index is built on the fact that citations in science serve as linkages between similar research items and lead to matching or related scientific literature such as journal articles conference proceedings abstracts etc in addition literature that shows the greatest impact in a particular field or more than one discipline can be located through a citation index for example a paper s influence can be determined by linking to all the papers that have cited it in this way current trends patterns and emerging fields of research can be assessed eugene garfield the father of citation indexing of academic literature 4 who launched the science citation index which in turn led to the web of science 5 wrote citations are the formal explicit linkages between papers that have particular points in common a citation index is built around these linkages it lists publications that have been cited and identifies the sources of the citations anyone conducting a literature search can find from one to dozens of additional papers on a subject just by knowing one that has been cited and every paper that is found provides a list of new citations with which to continue the search the simplicity of citation indexing is one of its main strengths 6 coverage edit expanding the coverage of web of science in november 2009 thomson reuters introduced century of social sciences this service contains files which trace social science research back to the beginning of the 20th century 7 and web of science now has indexing coverage from the year 1900 to the present 8 9 as of february 2017 the multidisciplinary coverage of the web of science encompasses over a billion cited references and 90 million records covering over 12 thousand high impact journals and 8 2 million records across 160 thousand conference proceedings with 15 thousand proceedings added each year 10 the selection is made on the basis of impact evaluations and comprises academic journals spanning multiple academic disciplines the coverage includes the sciences social sciences the arts and humanities and goes across disciplines 8 11 however web of science does not index all journals there is a significant and positive correlation between the impact factor and the citescore however an analysis by elsevier which created the journal evaluation metric citescore has identified 216 journals from 70 publishers to be in the top 10 percent of the most cited journals in their subject category based on their citescore even though they did not have an impact factor 12 it appears that the impact factor does not provide comprehensive and unbiased coverage of high quality journals similar results can be observed by comparing the impact factor with the scimago journal rank furthermore as of september 2014 the total file count of the web of science was over 90 million records which included over 800 million cited references covering 5 3 thousand social science publications in 55 disciplines 11 titles of foreign language publications are translated into english and therefore cannot be found by searches in the original language 13 in 2018 the web of science started embedding partial information about the open access status of works using unpaywall data 14 while marketed as a global point of reference scopus and wos have been characterized as structurally biased against research produced in non western countries non english language research and research from the arts humanities and social sciences 15 after the 2022 russian invasion of ukraine on 11 march 2022 clarivate which owns the web of science announced that it would cease all commercial activity in russia and immediately close its office there 16 citation databases edit web of science databases the web of science core collection consists of six online indexing databases 17 18 science citation index expanded scie previously entitled science citation index covers more than 9 200 journals across 178 scientific disciplines coverage is from 1900 to present day with over 53 million records 19 social sciences citation index ssci covers more than 3 400 journals in the social sciences coverage is from 1900 to present with over 9 3 million records 20 arts humanities citation index ahci covers more than 1 800 journals in the arts and humanities coverage is from 1975 to present with over 4 9 million records 21 emerging sources citation index esci covers more than 7 800 journals in all disciplines coverage is from 2005 to present with over 3 million records 22 book citation index bci covers more than 116 000 editorially selected books coverage is from 2005 to present with over 53 2 million records 23 conference proceedings citation index cpci covers more than 205 000 conference proceedings coverage is from 1990 to present with over 70 1 million records 24 regional databases edit since 2008 the web of science hosts a number of regional citation indices chinese science citation database produced in partnership with the chinese academy of sciences was the first indexing database in a language other than english 25 scielo citation index established in 2013 covering brazil spain portugal the caribbean and south africa and an additional 12 countries of latin america 26 korea citation index in 2014 with updates from the national research foundation of korea 27 russian science citation index in 2015 28 arabic regional citation index in 2020 29 contents edit the seven citation indices listed above contain references which have been cited by other articles one may use them to undertake cited reference search that is locating articles that cite an earlier or current publication one may search citation databases by topic by author by source title and by location two chemistry databases index chemicus and current chemical reactions allow for the creation of structure drawings thus enabling users to locate chemical compounds and reactions abstracting and indexing edit the following types of literature are indexed scholarly books peer reviewed journals original research articles reviews editorials chronologies abstracts as well as other items disciplines included in this index are agriculture biological sciences engineering medical and life sciences physical and chemical sciences anthropology law library sciences architecture dance music film and theater seven citation databases encompasses coverage of the above disciplines 9 10 30 other databases and products edit among other wos databases are biosis and the zoological record an electronic index of zoological literature that also serves as the unofficial register of scientific names in zoology clarivate owns and markets numerous other products that provide data and analytics workflow tools and professional services to researchers universities research institutions and other organizations such as 31 endnote is a commercial reference management software package used to manage bibliographies and references when writing essays reports and articles endnote click formerly kopernio is a freely available plugin allowing researchers to access papers in subscription based scientific journals to which they are subscribed through their higher education libraries even when the user is off campus the tool works by recording the institutional subscriptions each user has and searches for full text versions of selected papers to which the user may have access 32 33 publons was a commercial website that provided a free service for academics to track verify and showcase their peer review and editorial contributions for academic journals it was launched in 2012 bought by clarivate in 2017 and merged into web of science in 2022 it claimed that over 3 000 000 researchers joined the site adding more than one million reviews across 25 000 journals 34 35 36 in 2019 researcherid was integrated with publons 37 incites journal citation reports essential science indicators scholarone converis limitations in the use of citation analysis edit further information citation analysis and san francisco declaration on research assessment see also impact factor criticism as with other scientific approaches scientometrics and bibliometrics have their own limitations in 2010 a criticism was voiced pointing toward certain deficiencies of the journal impact factor calculation process based on thomson reuters web of science such as journal citation distributions usually are highly skewed towards established journals journal impact factor properties are field specific and can be easily manipulated by editors or even by changing the editorial policies this makes the entire process essentially non transparent 38 regarding the more objective journal metrics there is a growing view that for greater accuracy it must be supplemented with article level metrics and peer review 38 studies of methodological quality and reliability have found that reliability of published research works in several fields may be decreasing with increasing journal rank 39 thomson reuters replied to criticism in general terms by stating that no one metric can fully capture the complex contributions scholars make to their disciplines and many forms of scholarly achievement should be considered 40 journal citation reports edit this section is an excerpt from journal citation reports edit journal citation reports jcr is an annual publication by clarivate 41 it has been integrated with the web of science and is accessed from the web of science core collection it provides information about academic journals in the natural and social sciences including impact factors jcr was originally published as a part of the science citation index into the 21st century the jcr as a distinct service is based on citations compiled from the science citation index expanded and the social sciences citation index 42 as of the 2023 edition journals from the arts and humanities citation index and the emerging sources citation index have also been included 43 see also edit arxiv citeseerx csa databases dialog online database energy citations database energy science and technology database etdeweb google scholar hal h index indian citation index j gate list of academic journal search engines materials science citation index openalex pascal database pubmed central répertoire international de littérature musicale researchgate serbian citation index viniti database ras references edit the history of isi and the work of eugene garfield clarivate retrieved 13 august 2023 acquisition of the thomson reuters intellectual property and science business by onex and baring asia completed press release retrieved 13 december 2017 via pr newswire matthews tracy 11 november 2016 web of science platform web of science summary of coverage libguides archived from the original on 13 april 2021 retrieved 17 april 2021 jacso peter september 2010 the impact of eugene garfield through the prism of web of science pdf annals of library and information studies 57 222 garfield eugene cronin blaise atkins helen barsky 2000 the web of knowledge a festschrift in honor of eugene garfield medford nj information today garfield eugene 1979 citation indexing its theory and application in science technology and humanities pdf new york wiley p 1 thomson reuters introduces century of social sciences information today vol 26 no 10 2009 p 10 retrieved 23 june 2010 via general onefile 1 2 overview web of science overview of coverage gleaned from promotional language thomson reuters 2010 retrieved 23 june 2010 1 2 lee sul h 2010 citation indexing and isi s web of science the university of oklahoma libraries retrieved 23 june 2010 1 2 web of knowledge real facts ip science thomson reuters archived from the original on 24 february 2017 retrieved 24 february 2017 1 2 the citation connection real facts ip science thomson reuters archived from the original on 24 september 2014 retrieved 3 september 2014 tucker david 25 july 2017 citescore highlights top cited journals neglected by other metrics elsevier archived from the original on 27 july 2017 retrieved 31 december 2017 some searching conventions president and fellows of harvard college 3 december 2009 archived from the original on 21 may 2011 retrieved 23 june 2010 else holly 15 august 2018 how unpaywall is transforming open science nature 560 7718 290 291 bibcode 2018natur 560 290e doi 10 1038 d41586 018 05968 3 pmid 30111793 tennant jonathan p 27 october 2020 web of science and scopus are not global databases of knowledge european science editing 46 e51987 doi 10 3897 ese 2020 e51987 issn 2518 3354 else holly 14 march 2022 ukrainian researchers pressure journals to boycott russian authors nature 603 7902 559 bibcode 2022natur 603 559e doi 10 1038 d41586 022 00718 y pmid 35288680 s2cid 247452826 web of science databases clarivate retrieved 24 august 2018 web of science fact book pdf clarivate archived from the original pdf on 11 april 2018 retrieved 24 august 2018 science citation index expanded web of science group retrieved 26 january 2022 social sciences citation index web of science group retrieved 26 january 2022 arts humanities citation index web of science group retrieved 26 january 2022 emerging sources citation index web of science group retrieved 26 january 2022 book citation index web of science group retrieved 26 january 2022 conference proceedings citation index web of science group retrieved 26 january 2022 chinese science citation database archived from the original on 7 december 2016 retrieved 17 april 2021 thomson reuters collabora...
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