Meta tags:
Headings (most frequently used words):
and, figures, references, christmas, century, opposition, santa, claus, contents, predecessor, history, in, popular, culture, traditions, rituals, criticism, see, also, further, reading, external, links, saint, nicholas, father, dutch, belgian, swiss, folklore, germanic, paganism, odin, christianisation, origins, 19th, 20th, chimneys, eve, appearance, laugh, home, parades, department, stores, shopping, malls, letter, writing, tracking, from, some, christian, denominations, under, state, atheism, symbol, of, commercialism, representation, to, children, related, other, citations, general, cited,
Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (718), santa (376), and (260), claus (193), december (177), from (162), #christmas (160), retrieved (120), with (106), archived (95), original (91), for (87), children (78), that (77), was (59), nicholas (54), 2010 (47), new (46), saint (43), his (42), january (35), november (35), 2021 (35), 2023 (32), not (32), letters (31), were (30), gifts (28), are (27), this (25), york (25), 2007 (25), 2011 (25), their (25), have (24), other (23), day (23), father (23), also (23), post (22), who (22), 2009 (22), 000 (22), 2020 (21), some (21), has (21), may (20), september (20), world (20), which (20), north (19), isbn (19), see (19), about (18), holiday (18), 978 (18), more (18), they (18), image (18), reindeer (18), century (18), articles (17), all (17), dutch (17), american (17), com (17), real (17), postal (17), been (17), october (16), white (16), 2012 (16), april (16), news (16), 2026 (15), christian (15), old (15), august (15), modern (15), man (15), history (15), 2018 (15), said (15), magazine (15), many (15), after (15), year (15), had (15), there (15), canada (15), first (15), home (15), character (14), july (14), elves (14), than (14), 2008 (14), popular (14), wikipedia (13), english (13), united (13), states (13), norad (13), pole (13), into (13), parents (13), when (13), where (13), but (13), time (13), folklore (12), red (12), père (12), figure (12), times (12), how (12), kids (12), 2014 (12), church (12), such (12), most (12), like (12), traditions (11), gift (11), national (11), city (11), tracks (11), eve (11), one (11), its (11), tradition (11), good (11), used (11), over (11), being (11), french (10), service (10), visit (10), tracker (10), sinterklaas (10), culture (10), 2017 (10), figures (10), religious (10), including (10), 2013 (10), presents (10), state (10), 2024 (10), only (10), poem (10), cs1 (9), british (9), international (9), book (9), much (9), yule (9), workshop (9), later (9), nast (9), 2000 (9), doi (9), 2019 (9), press (9), 2005 (9), union (9), known (9), people (9), established (9), did (9), letter (9), coca (9), cola (9), through (9), toggle (8), under (8), use (8), 2025 (8), wayback (8), advertising (8), finland (8), film (8), black (8), mrs (8), noël (8), article (8), company (8), issn (8), what (8), still (8), jonathan (8), dressed (8), early (8), 2022 (8), him (8), celebrations (8), now (8), santas (8), meath (8), does (8), during (8), often (8), department (8), became (8), odin (8), references (7), language (7), france (7), country (7), oxford (7), television (7), emailsanta (7), center (7), 2006 (7), march (7), machine (7), february (7), little (7), june (7), believing (7), age (7), five (7), belief (7), associated (7), beijing (7), school (7), john (7), website (7), space (7), include (7), number (7), tracking (7), office (7), write (7), malls (7), green (7), become (7), author (7), called (7), bearded (7), long (7), 19th (7), sleigh (7), received (7), sent (7), toys (7), before (7), fur (7), languages (6), search (6), view (6), using (6), page (6), project (6), links (6), verification (6), russian (6), german (6), written (6), characters (6), saints (6), carols (6), small (6), village (6), play (6), elf (6), frost (6), great (6), child (6), toronto (6), can (6), believe (6), your (6), better (6), david (6), today (6), out (6), years (6), town (6), league (6), each (6), soviet (6), published (6), then (6), usually (6), bbc (6), person (6), get (6), 2015 (6), very (6), record (6), mail (6), hat (6), europe (6), cultural (6), puck (6), name (6), england (6), greek (6), 154 (6), story (6), them (6), actor (6), writing (6), present (6), laugh (6), appearance (6), depiction (6), illustration (6), subsection (6), you (5), foundation (5), pages (5), move (5), against (5), male (5), drink (5), germany (5), magi (5), carol (5), log (5), media (5), bishop (5), games (5), 2004 (5), shopping (5), parades (5), flying (5), three (5), winter (5), legend (5), thomas (5), would (5), 1997 (5), encyclopedia (5), 2016 (5), 0362 (5), 4331 (5), give (5), boston (5), should (5), lie (5), promote (5), china (5), officially (5), trees (5), while (5), morning (5), annual (5), customs (5), university (5), according (5), baker (5), will (5), works (5), families (5), microsoft (5), jolly (5), live (5), making (5), track (5), here (5), pdf (5), our (5), store (5), canadian (5), america (5), cover (5), created (5), charles (5), netherlands (5), both (5), featured (5), role (5), named (5), needed (5), existence (5), well (5), evidence (5), fictional (5), although (5), sometimes (5), among (5), opposition (5), part (5), stores (5), having (5), portrayed (5), wearing (5), bag (5), 20th (5), main (5), myra (5), sailors (5), contents (4), statement (4), unsourced (4), statements (4), sources (4), maint (4), deprecated (4), archival (4), failed (4), short (4), childhood (4), sweden (4), czech (4), republic (4), italy (4), russia (4), zealand (4), australia (4), list (4), journey (4), santeclaus (4), reading (4), alaska (4), society (4), tree (4), stockings (4), feast (4), peace (4), advent (4), fouettard (4), joulupukki (4), christkind (4), night (4), flight (4), family (4), war (4), season (4), james (4), public (4), million (4), william (4), editor (4), bowler (4), gerry (4), limited (4), 7710 (4), materialism (4), general (4), lies (4), myth (4), process (4), trust (4), say (4), know (4), woolley (4), jacqueline (4), science (4), eight (4), journal (4), watch (4), atheist (4), officials (4), comes (4), 500 (4), others (4), earlier (4), local (4), set (4), studies (4), grandfather (4), even (4), holidays (4), atheism (4), could (4), images (4), mary (4), online (4), source (4), reply (4), emails (4), sears (4), universal (4), operation (4), young (4), virginia (4), dedham (4), video (4), song (4), grotto (4), liverpool (4), lives (4), declared (4), jim (4), link (4), cite (4), radio (4), central (4), high (4), george (4), response (4), right (4), names (4), whose (4), anonymous (4), send (4), irving (4), few (4), joy (4), simek (4), swiss (4), coat (4), legendary (4), park (4), brings (4), bring (4), traditional (4), finnish (4), portal (4), seen (4), 150 (4), giving (4), puritans (4), denominations (4), various (4), idea (4), websites (4), air (4), creation (4), claimed (4), issue (4), example (4), countries (4), portraying (4), since (4), two (4), lapland (4), create (4), depicted (4), colour (4), 1823 (4), evening (4), colours (4), same (4), held (4), included (4), moore (4), germanic (4), christianisation (4), bari (4), patron (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), topic (3), 116 (3), table (3), policy (3), text (3), site (3), non (3), inc (3), commons (3), last (3), off (3), danish (3), dates (3), identified (3), title (3), spain (3), norway (3), ireland (3), hungary (3), music (3), books (3), delight (3), films (3), beverages (3), sauce (3), pie (3), twelve (3), food (3), saturday (3), business (3), santacon (3), windows (3), days (3), secret (3), star (3), mass (3), cards (3), ded (3), moroz (3), historical (3), kings (3), jack (3), nativity (3), christ (3), jesus (3), christianity (3), civil (3), stephen (3), walt (3), magic (3), further (3), battle (3), edition (3), mcclelland (3), stewart (3), 1668 (3), russell (3), review (3), 104 (3), learn (3), psychology (3), lying (3), austin (3), why (3), autism (3), don (3), read (3), stop (3), survey (3), howard (3), everyone (3), emily (3), jeremy (3), seal (3), party (3), authorities (3), selling (3), ban (3), might (3), christians (3), member (3), 100 (3), coming (3), 138 (3), save (3), anti (3), schools (3), suggested (3), campaign (3), reported (3), several (3), government (3), never (3), celebration (3), accompanies (3), help (3), inspired (3), similar (3), events (3), 1917 (3), eddy (3), western (3), ten (3), ages (3), colonies (3), house (3), email (3), ricky (3), built (3), himself (3), digital (3), calgary (3), receives (3), around (3), hunt (3), led (3), bing (3), web (3), guide (3), airport (3), dec (3), technology (3), deep (3), way (3), back (3), poste (3), daily (3), yes (3), gender (3), grottos (3), san (3), gathering (3), happy (3), along (3), because (3), spirit (3), derry (3), autistic (3), royal (3), institute (3), rovaniemi (3), usps (3), pope (3), chicago (3), paul (3), hard (3), work (3), claims (3), 2001 (3), wise (3), men (3), appeared (3), kyrgyzstan (3), top (3), really (3), icon (3), kris (3), kringle (3), 1912 (3), 1902 (3), washington (3), too (3), large (3), cartoonist (3), authorship (3), henry (3), celebrated (3), reference (3), throughout (3), group (3), london (3), wild (3), dictionary (3), northern (3), mythology (3), norse (3), schmutzli (3), amsterdam (3), those (3), version (3), delivering (3), controversy (3), believed (3), equivalent (3), bringing (3), related (3), parental (3), argued (3), visiting (3), common (3), parent (3), upon (3), god (3), 169 (3), 168 (3), wrote (3), though (3), glasses (3), generally (3), between (3), eventually (3), representation (3), symbol (3), immortal (3), 1958 (3), power (3), these (3), particularly (3), veneration (3), criticism (3), particular (3), 130 (3), strike (3), interest (3), weather (3), program (3), receive (3), instead (3), operators (3), physical (3), form (3), addressed (3), volunteers (3), citation (3), redirects (3), due (3), actors (3), leading (3), starting (3), mall (3), changes (3), period (3), location (3), residence (3), near (3), legends (3), helpers (3), street (3), speaking (3), disambiguation (3), full (3), played (3), soft (3), gives (3), rituals (3), commercials (3), flag (3), association (3), 1981 (3), origins (3), current (3), beard (3), giver (3), region (3), belgium (3), skeleton (3), sarcophagus (3), predecessor (3), tools (3), cookie (2), code (2), conduct (2), contact (2), privacy (2), available (2), terms (2), apply (2), organization (2), wikimedia (2), rendered (2), categories (2), sister (2), url (2), sections (2), lacking (2), reliable (2), containing (2), needing (2), factual (2), protected (2), description (2), wikidata (2), supernatural (2), beings (2), folk (2), toy (2), bringers (2), index (2), artists (2), fast (2), mexico (2), romania (2), indonesia (2), denmark (2), hit (2), singles (2), literature (2), turkey (2), fish (2), wine (2), hot (2), cake (2), candy (2), sweets (2), xmas (2), scrooge (2), monday (2), controversies (2), seals (2), act (2), friday (2), goat (2), wassailing (2), nine (2), lessons (2), lights (2), google (2), seven (2), decorations (2), candle (2), calendar (2), zwarte (2), piet (2), rudolph (2), daughter (2), krampus (2), belsnickel (2), companions (2), noel (2), olentzero (2), befana (2), korvatunturi (2), bethlehem (2), holy (2), annunciation (2), shepherds (2), adoration (2), biblical (2), blue (2), wikivoyage (2), travel (2), information (2), wikiquote (2), projects (2), external (2), npr (2), things (2), without (2), employees (2), nissenbaum (2), alfred (2), knopf (2), 679 (2), 74038 (2), biography (2), 1535 (2), belk (2), cited (2), wrong (2), goldstein (2), thalia (2), s2cid (2), pmid (2), 1939 (2), developmental (2), psychologists (2), cline (2), let (2), bibcode (2), peter (2), handbook (2), disorders (2), daniel (2), jason (2), smithsonian (2), 143 (2), 147 (2), johnson (2), kyle (2), nelson (2), structure (2), cry (2), swanson (2), jean (2), 1992 (2), mothering (2), defense (2), interview (2), taken (2), anyone (2), langfang (2), caught (2), wreaths (2), punished (2), appear (2), directed (2), religion (2), across (2), class (2), capital (2), province (2), came (2), down (2), streets (2), revival (2), devoted (2), 1929 (2), next (2), carnivals (2), easter (2), staged (2), 31st (2), month (2), special (2), cambridge (2), occurred (2), piece (2), 1925 (2), banned (2), snow (2), prohibited (2), militant (2), atheists (2), 1923 (2), again (2), former (2), mark (2), following (2), echo (2), 186 (2), chapter (2), representations (2), cinema (2), collection (2), least (2), movies (2), european (2), 1497769 (2), puritan (2), random (2), andy (2), concepts (2), thought (2), ribeiro (2), messages (2), run (2), kerr (2), biztech (2), went (2), herald (2), wishes (2), booz (2), allen (2), imagination (2), keep (2), santawatch (2), station (2), began (2), maps (2), welcome (2), experience (2), dfw (2), airservices (2), hello (2), 131 (2), 132 (2), open (2), kim (2), 1994 (2), 1108 (2), disney (2), disneyland (2), once (2), chair (2), miracle (2), takes (2), suit (2), square (2), entertain (2), knew (2), says (2), poundland (2), offer (2), visits (2), bruce (2), nick (2), brockton (2), massachusetts (2), edgar (2), beloved (2), date (2), adresse (2), sun (2), citizen (2), nbc (2), dallas (2), fort (2), worth (2), varies (2), diverse (2), crowds (2), mountain (2), 128 (2), 134 (2), balneário (2), camboriú (2), free (2), comics (2), robert (2), carry (2), gun (2), ask (2), 1905 (2), consumption (2), edinburgh (2), snopes (2), 1933 (2), vol (2), nursery (2), colorado (2), epic (2), 1866 (2), claussville (2), propaganda (2), ein (2), 1853 (2), signed (2), duane (2), true (2), iconic (2), fox (2), invented (2), tale (2), hall (2), sons (2), 1773 (2), margaret (2), publishing (2), seasonal (2), norman (2), 139 (2), orchard (2), langbarðr (2), jólnir (2), rudolf (2), sinister (2), mid (2), nibud (2), given (2), scarlet (2), 120 (2), 2002 (2), martin (2), britannica (2), jeff (2), citations (2), fraternal (2), order (2), remote (2), mythical (2), nikolaus (2), orthodox (2), transformed (2), bringer (2), giftbringer (2), iranian (2), harm (2), psychologist (2), angry (2), lied (2), study (2), found (2), rather (2), single (2), deception (2), positive (2), able (2), felt (2), older (2), rejecting (2), telling (2), joys (2), 167 (2), 165 (2), credulity (2), encourage (2), behavior (2), magical (2), thinking (2), 153 (2), associates (2), 164 (2), promotes (2), greed (2), bad (2), presenting (2), helped (2), half (2), concept (2), olds (2), 152 (2), stories (2), feature (2), actively (2), deceiving (2), pretend (2), just (2), result (2), imaginative (2), recent (2), gave (2), needy (2), purity (2), innocence (2), commercialism (2), antireligious (2), movement (2), organisation (2), restoration (2), josiah (2), king (2), 1686 (2), examination (2), tryal (2), 17th (2), calvinists (2), groups (2), reflected (2), remained (2), focus (2), sending (2), weeks (2), themed (2), take (2), 126 (2), efforts (2), based (2), outside (2), valley (2), nasa (2), originated (2), 1955 (2), hotline (2), calls (2), 123 (2), continental (2), organisations (2), 112 (2), private (2), replied (2), answering (2), total (2), austria (2), brazil (2), 350 (2), 300 (2), britain (2), 800 (2), switzerland (2), allow (2), enormous (2), far (2), oldest (2), allows (2), respond (2), island (2), members (2), offered (2), producer (2), earned (2), degree (2), appearing (2), associations (2), master (2), retail (2), opened (2), took (2), pictures (2), 1918 (2), operated (2), lewis (2), eaton (2), arrived (2), onto (2), within (2), theme (2), traditionally (2), enter (2), kenney (2), recommends (2), road (2), citizenship (2), aid (2), surrounding (2), important (2), uses (2), round (2), belly (2), shook (2), jelly (2), portly (2), trousers (2), leather (2), belt (2), boots (2), carrying (2), popularised (2), political (2), trim (2), camauro (2), switch (2), chimneys (2), clothes (2), brand (2), brazilian (2), another (2), previous (2), instance (2), aggressive (2), ones (2), traffic (2), controllers (2), comic (2), pennsylvania (2), entirely (2), roman (2), nero (2), especially (2), connected (2), described (2), tone (2), immortalised (2), numerous (2), reinforced (2), fundraising (2), army (2), advertisements (2), firmly (2), leaving (2), baum (2), variety (2), famous (2), life (2), titled (2), late (2), harper (2), born (2), 1863 (2), pulled (2), describing (2), krishkinkle (2), revealed (2), dunder (2), blixem (2), merged (2), pictured (2), era (2), merchants (2), bearer (2), yuletide (2), horse (2), midwinter (2), sleipnir (2), frequently (2), meaning (2), paganism (2), nicolas (2), belgian (2), robes (2), lined (2), cheer (2), moved (2), 1843 (2), dickens (2), ghost (2), leech (2), custom (2), luther (2), italian (2), bones (2), relics (2), venice (2), 4th (2), popularly (2), upload (2), file (2), edit (2), norsk (2), bahasa (2), беларуская (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, mobile, statistics, developers, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, additional, agree, registered, trademark, profit, creative, attribution, sharealike, license, parsoid, edited, utc, hidden, default, unfit, webarchive, template, infobox, multiple, unlabeled, fields, dmy, indefinitely, semi, vandalism, different, inventors, https, org, php, santa_claus, oldid, 1373001953, yale, lux, snac, nara, idref, musicbrainz, israel, argentina, japan, bnf, data, worldcat, gnd, viaf, isni, authority, control, databases, category, hawaii, ukraine, serbia, scotland, poland, philippines, iceland, ethiopia, colombia, bangladesh, piae, cantiones, choirs, charts, billboard, operas, poetry, tomten, workhouse, novels, apollo, genesis, horror, tourtière, stuffing, romeritos, roast, goose, pickled, herring, ham, gefilte, carp, meat, tamale, pierogi, hallaca, dumplings, snowball, ponche, crema, smoking, mulled, kissel, chocolate, eggnog, coquito, champurrado, apple, cider, redcurrant, cranberry, bread, sauces, borscht, menudo, soup, turrón, szaloncukor, stollen, sugar, plum, velvet, qurabiya, pumpkin, pudding, poppy, seed, roll, pecan, pavlova, panettone, pampushka, mince, melomakarono, makówki, kutia, gingerbread, fruitcake, cozonac, cane, baked, wigilia, dish, supper, thirteen, desserts, réveillon, kūčios, julebord, julbord, joulupöytä, dinner, super, castle, pikkujoulu, nfl, nba, gordo, grinch, givingtuesday, economics, cyber, truce, mountains, christmasland, taipei, lectures, jumpers, trading, creep, club, partying, vertep, stamps, szopka, spanbaum, räuchermann, pyramids, poinsettia, piñatas, ornaments, dolls, nutcrackers, mummers, moravian, midnight, markets, lord, misrule, las, posadas, hampers, fishes, shelf, eggbert, didukh, crackers, jumper, christingle, cavalcade, candlelight, chalking, door, arches, boar, head, wreath, snegurochka, reindeers, sack, knecht, ruprecht, baba, julemanden, tió, nadal, grandpa, indian, cat, wenceslaus, turoń, perchta, nisse, miner, mari, lwyd, spider, kallikantzaros, grýla, caganer, badalisc, twelfth, neapolitan, scene, egypt, massacre, innocents, herod, epiphany, christmastide, angel, gabriel, art, nazi, jews, sol, invictus, boxing, knickerbockers, rescue, claas, schlaschenschlinger, kirke, paulding, 1836, research, guides, morristown, morris, township, library, quotations, wiktionary, definitions, joffe, chana, considered, need, crump, jefferson, carolina, mcfarland, publishers, 7864, 2293, 2nd, kutner, lawrence, 1991, mills, candice, kanumuru, pallavi, monroe, anthony, quintero, natalie, 265157363, 37956037, 0599, 1037, dev0001662, debunking, aftermath, becoming, skeptical, dominion, deal, vocativ, erode, thoughtco, shouldn, vines, gail, 2809, 1016, s0262, 4079, 60920, 2011newsc, 210q, 29m, 210, scientist, delusion, opinion, surnits, matson, johnny, sturmey, springer, 4419, 8065, pervasive, victor, please, trump, daley, kid, ready, hindustan, khazan, olga, atlantic, cnn, heizer, sophie, conversation, asked, experts, lowe, scott, malden, wiley, blackwell, 539086689, oclc, 4443, 3090, philosophy, lump, coal, goodbye, kapitány, rohan, nicole, burdett, jong, e0234142, 32555692, 7299553, pmc, 1932, 6203, 1371, pone, 0234142, 2020ploso, 1534142k, plos, pantheon, hierarchical, 1987, spuds, beer, hoy, hilda, prague, recognised, mainland, ruling, tough, stance, celebrates, sale, goods, retailers, amid, crackdown, practising, police, officers, stormed, bible, guangzhou, southern, guangdong, incident, shut, chengdu, week, case, latter, worshippers, snatched, homes, coordinated, raids, rain, covenant, zion, south, won, chinese, ramet, sabrina, petra, sallied, forth, putative, obliged, entire, section, 1928, training, material, followed, flood, recommended, lenin, explicitly, condemned, farces, intimidate, purge, youth, pupils, approvingly, teachers, programme, occasion, antireligioznik, 521, 02230, luzer, campaigns, dramatic, 1920s, asia, effectively, returned, until, usurped, ёлка, дед, mopoз, granddaughter, maiden, снегурочка, always, distribute, festivals, organized, specifically, denigrate, activists, revolution, 1924, 1930, komsomol, christmases, easters, basically, pacific, standard, looks, mig, 1993, fir, put, islam, connelly, tauris, fact, shortest, suffice, socialist, 86064, 397, trustees, 261, prose, health, key, scriptures, clar, mimi, 1959, 337, jstor, 2307, attack, mind, handle, 55199, 608, kippenberg, hans, kuiper, yme, sanders, 1990, walter, gruyter, 363, 087437, cochran, sylvia, av1611, imposter, chat, messenger, fontana, network, pulls, plug, potty, mouth, vnuk, helen, thing, convinced, anything, else, mamamia, offers, personalized, asp, script, cries, rueb, trying, reach, check, hamilton, newswire, pout, supports, approach, tech, helps, certified, partner, wktv, thanks, spaceref, clues, cbc, gurnon, forbes, typo, pendleton, chris, msnbc, virtual, earth, wral, sullivan, danny, engine, land, beyond, pbs, kera, operational, pegasus, unveils, observer, map, canberra, communications, complex, safe, travels, watching, mirror, airservicesaustralia, zhao, hongyi, vip, fesco, tighten, net, alexis, grant, nov, connexion, envoyer, vrai, canadapost, postescanada, answers, burke, kerry, kicks, manhattan, job, otnes, cele, kyungseung, chan, difference, analyzing, requests, 1111, 0022, 3840, 2801_17, halkoaho, jenniina, laaksonnen, pirjo, 251, 17473610910986053, consumers, understanding, mean, chang, rachel, meredith, leisure, virtually, cancelled, glen, secretary, diego, fellow, informative, fun, attendance, karilyn, curran, luncheon, fashion, show, minutes, meeting, ann, georgantopoulos, accurately, perfect, fit, globe, ave, seriously, edward, colby, fifth, stroll, performs
Text of the page (random words):
ng easter the league established an antireligious holiday to be the 31st of each month as a replacement 145 146 in december 2018 the city management office of langfang in hebei province china released a statement stating that people caught selling christmas trees wreaths stockings or santa claus figures in the city would be punished by authorities 147 unreliable source symbol of commercialism santa claus sydney 1933 jeremy seal author of the 2005 book nicholas the epic journey from saint to santa claus said in an interview that santa s 19th century elements like reindeer a sleigh and bells were reminiscent of the real world 148 relevant writing in mothering magazine carol jean swanson makes similar points noting that the original figure of saint nicholas gave only to those who were needy and that today santa claus seems to be more about conspicuous consumption he mirrors some of our highest ideals childhood purity and innocence selfless giving unfaltering love justice and mercy the problem is that in the process he has become burdened with some of society s greatest challenges materialism corporate greed and domination by the media 149 in the czech republic a group of advertising professionals started a website against santa claus a relatively recent phenomenon in that country 150 in the czech tradition presents are delivered by ježíšek which translates as baby jesus 150 a law in the us state of ohio prohibits the usage of santa claus or his image to sell alcoholic beverages 151 representation to children see also paternalistic deception parent initiated activities like visiting a santa actor at a shopping centre promote belief in santa claus by young children 152 psychologists generally differentiate between telling fictional stories that feature santa claus and actively deceiving a child into believing that santa claus is real imaginative play in which children know that santa claus is only a character in a story but pretend that he is real just like they pretend that superheroes or other fictional characters are real is valuable actively deceiving a child into believing in santa claus s real world existence sometimes even to the extent of fabricating false evidence to convince them despite their growing natural doubts does not result in imaginative play and can promote credulity in the face of strong evidence against santa claus s existence 153 154 children will eventually know that santa is a fictional character 155 babies and toddlers do not understand the concept of a fictional character but most children become developmentally able to believe in santa claus around age three or four 156 152 the prevalence of belief in santa claus is high at age five and declines precipitously when children are seven or eight years old 157 158 159 160 although the age at disillusionment has been fairly stable for decades in 1978 85 of american five year olds believed that santa was real but only 25 of eight year olds still did it may be getting slightly lower over time 161 age inappropriate belief in santa is seen in some older children and teenagers who have autism or other neurodevelopmental disorders 162 the psychology professor jacqueline woolley helped to conduct a study that found that children seemed competent in their use of logic evidence and comparative reasoning even though they might conclude that santa claus or other fanciful creatures were real according to woolley the existence of santa claus is affirmed to children by friends books tv and movies and by hard evidence of half eaten cookies and empty milk glasses 163 typical objections to presenting santa claus as a literally real person rather than a story include that lying is normally bad 154 parents intentionally lying to their children promotes distrust 154 it promotes selfishness greed and materialism 164 it associates good behavior with being materially rewarded with presents from santa claus 164 and tricking children into believing falsehoods interferes with the development of critical thinking 165 153 some have argued that santa claus prioritises parents short term happiness in seeing children excited about santa claus and their nostalgic willingness to prolong the age of magical thinking over children 154 the philosopher david kyle johnson wrote it s a lie it degrades your parental trustworthiness it encourages credulity it does not encourage imagination and it s equivalent to bribing your kids for good behavior 166 others see little harm in the belief in santa claus the psychologist tamar murachver said that because it is a cultural not parental lie it does not usually undermine parental trust 167 woolley posited that it is perhaps kinship with the adult world that causes children not to be angry that they were lied to for so long in one study it was found that children did not trust their parents less and adults did not recall an increase in lack of trust 168 austin cline argued that to get children s belief in santa claus a complicated series of elaborate lies and defenses over time is needed rather than a few single time lies 165 most children do not remain angry or embarrassed about the deception for very long 168 169 they are most likely to have a positive feeling about it if they are able to figure it out logically e g by realising the impossibility of one person visiting every home in a single night and gradually 168 169 according to the psychologist john condry the most common response to finding out the truth was that they felt older and more mature they now knew something that the younger kids did not 169 in other studies a small fraction of children felt betrayed by their parents but disappointment was a more common response 154 some children have reacted strongly including rejecting the family s religious beliefs on the grounds that if the parents lied about the existence of santa claus then they might lie about the existence of god as well 154 the new zealand skeptics also see no harm in parents telling their children that santa is real the spokesperson vicki hyde said it would be a hard hearted parent indeed who frowned upon the innocent joys of our children s cultural heritage we save our bah humbugs for the things that exploit the vulnerable 167 see also christianity portal holidays portal mythology portal related figures amu nowruz uncle new year iranian gift bringing figure associated with spring and the new year in the traditional iranian calendar ayaz ata grandfather frost in turkic folklore befana a friendly witch who delivers gifts to children on 5 january christkind a popular giftbringer in central europe for christmas companions of saint nicholas ded moroz russian equivalent father christmas british equivalent joulupukki finnish santa claus moș gerilă name of a character from romanian communist propaganda nikolaus gift bringer popular in central europe and the benelux olentzero traditional basque character who has recently been transformed into a santa like figure saint basil who is believed to bring christmas gifts for children in greek orthodox tradition sinterklaas dutch nikolaus the three kings the biblical three wise men brings gifts on 6 january in spain other jack frost and old man winter mythical characters associated with winter christmas controversy flying santa a northeastern us tradition of pilots delivering presents to families in remote lighthouses fraternal order of real bearded santas pancho claus a tex mex version of santa claus santa claus indiana a small midwestern united states town named after the figure home to holiday world amusement park santacon references citations santa claus history legend facts encyclopedia britannica archived from the original on 25 december 2021 retrieved 10 august 2020 b k swartz jr the origin of american christmas myth and customs archived 30 april 2011 at the wayback machine retrieved 22 december 2007 jeff westover the legendary role of reindeer in christmas archived 3 august 2012 at the wayback machine retrieved 22 december 2007 father christmas green or red bbc news 4 december 2009 guyoncourt sally 16 december 2023 the number of reindeer used by santa claus and their names the i paper a visit from st nicholas britannica 7 december 2024 1 2 3 4 santa claus the real man behind the myth nbc news 22 december 2009 archived from the original on 1 september 2020 retrieved 27 december 2009 people st nicholas nearly everybody s saint st nicholas center archived from the original on 27 december 2010 retrieved 21 december 2010 places st nicholas center archived from the original on 14 december 2009 retrieved 21 december 2010 öller rudolf 2004 martin luthers christkind welt der naturwissenschaften und politik archived from the original on 15 february 2008 retrieved 24 april 2023 ein verkaufsfahrer diente als vorbild angeblich manager magazin 24 december 2012 archived from the original on 30 december 2012 1 2 federer william j 2002 there really is a santa claus the history of st nicholas christmas holiday traditions amerisearch inc p 39 1 2 simpson jacqueline roud steve 2000 a dictionary of english folklore oxford university press p 120 a children s party given in england on 26 december 1842 featured venerable effigies including one of father christmas with scarlet coat and cocked hat stuck all over with presents for the guests brett r l ed 1979 barclay fox s journal london bell and hyman p 297 isbn 978 0 7135 1865 8 davis derek h 18 november 2010 the oxford handbook of church and state in the united states oxford university press pp 334 isbn 978 0 19 020878 3 archived from the original on 1 september 2023 retrieved 20 december 2017 nibud pers persberichten in dutch nibud 2003 archived from the original on 14 december 2009 netherlands budget institute table showing money spent by households categorised into those that give gifts only on sint 36 only on christmas day 21 on both days 26 sinterklaasentry amsterdam the netherlands mid november st nicholas center 2008 archived from the original on 17 january 2011 retrieved 9 september 2014 mclean morven 5 december 2008 schmutzli the swiss santa s sinister sidekick swi swissinfo ch archived from the original on 20 may 2021 retrieved 25 december 2017 1 2 orchard andy 1997 dictionary of norse mythology and legend cassell p 187 isbn 978 0 304 34520 5 simek rudolf 2007 dictionary of northern mythology translated by hall angela d s brewer pp 379 380 isbn 978 0 85991 369 0 for wild hunt see simek 2007 p 372 373 for jólnir see simek 2007 p 180 orchard 1997 p 189 for langbarðr see simek 2007 p 186 mcknight george harley 1917 st nicholas his legend and his rôle in the christmas celebration and other popular customs new york and london g p putman s sons pp 24 26 138 139 springwood charles fruehling 2009 if santa wuz black the domestication of a white myth in denzin norman k ed studies in symbolic interaction vol 33 emerald group publishing pp 243 244 doi 10 1108 s0163 2396 2009 0000033031 isbn 978 1 84855 784 0 baker margaret 2007 first published 1968 discovering christmas customs and folklore a guide to seasonal rites throughout the world osprey publishing p 62 sirén ilkka 23 december 2017 does santa claus come from finland bbc archived from the original on 19 april 2021 retrieved 11 december 2018 wheeler joe rosenthal jim 2005 st nicholas a closer look at christmas nelson reference electronic last monday the anniversary of st nicholas otherwise called santa claus was celebrated at protestant hall at mr waldron s where a great number of sons of the ancient saint celebrated the day with great joy and festivity rivington s gazette new york city 23 december 1773 fox justin 13 december 2019 christmas was invented in new york the strange but probably true tale of how washington irving and a few contemporaries created the modern holiday in the early 1800s bloomberg archived from the original on 20 may 2021 retrieved 24 december 2019 campbell olivia 21 december 2023 what does santa have to do with psychedelic mushrooms national geographic retrieved 22 december 2023 richard harris 23 december 2010 did shrooms send santa and his reindeer flying morning edition npr foster don author unknown on the trail of anonymous new york henry holt and company pp 266 269 kirkpatrick david d 26 october 2000 whose jolly old elf is that anyway literary sleuth casts doubt on the authorship of an iconic christmas poem the new york times issn 0362 4331 archived from the original on 20 may 2021 retrieved 8 january 2017 what are the true names of santa s reindeer snopes 6 june 2001 archived from the original on 24 april 2023 retrieved 24 april 2023 advertisement for harrison s bookstore baltimore american republican and daily clipper no 3 1 january 1846 the article is signed uneda an anagrammatic pen name used by william duane 1808 1882 of philadelphia son of william john duane pennsylvanian folk lore christmas notes and queries 8 217 615 24 december 1853 aktuell s w r 3 december 2023 wie ein pfälzer auswanderer den weihnachtsmann erfand swr online in german boissoneault lorraine 19 december 2018 a civil war cartoonist created the modern image of santa claus as union propaganda smithsonian magazine retrieved 15 december 2025 thomas nast santa claus and his works archived 15 december 2010 at the wayback machine 1866 the phrase santa claussville n p is on the curved border to the right of center above the large word claus seal jeremy nicholas the epic journey from saint to santa claus bloomsbury 2005 p 199 200 isbn 978 1 58234 419 5 armstrong ralph 1875 seaverns fanny p ed a letter from colorado the nursery vol 18 john l shorey p 43 dunlap david w 25 december 2015 1933 p s virginia there s a new york times too the new york times archived from the original on 24 december 2021 retrieved 25 august 2022 bever lindsey 22 december 2018 is there a santa claus how a child s letter inspired the classic yes virginia response the washington post archived from the original on 17 march 2022 retrieved 25 august 2022 image gallery santa 1931 press center coca cola company archived from the original on 15 november 2012 retrieved 28 october 2011 mikkelson david 18 december 2008 did coca cola invent the modern image of santa claus snopes archived from the original on 25 december 2021 retrieved 1 january 2023 mckay george consumption coca colonisation cultural resistance and santa claus in whiteley sheila ed christmas ideology and popular culture edinburgh edinburgh university press pp 57 59 santa claus on the 1902 cover of puck magazine santa claus on the 1904 cover of puck magazine santa claus on the 1905 cover of puck magazine susman tina 30 october 2011 claus and effect the ultimate santa school los angeles times archived from the original on 24 december 2017 retrieved 20 february 2020 how did santa claus become popular in american culture archived 4 december 2021 at the wayback machine kiwi report by jaime levis 2 january 2019 1 2 nissenbaum stephen 1997 the battle for christmas new york alfred a ...
|
