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ion of georgia christianization of bulgaria christianization of kievan rus great schism russia ottoman empire north america moscow constantinople schism 15th 16th c 1996 2018 theology history of eastern orthodox theology 20th century neo palamism apophaticism chrismation contemplative prayer essence vs energies hesychasm holy trinity hypostatic union icons metousiosis mystical theology nicene creed nepsis oikonomia vs akribeia ousia palamism philokalia phronema sin theosis theotokos differences from the catholic church opposition to the filioque opposition to papal supremacy liturgy and worship divine liturgy divine services akathist apolytikion artos ectenia euchologion holy water iconostasis jesus prayer aprakos kontakion liturgical entrances liturgical fans lity memorial service memory eternal omophorion eastern orthodox bowing eastern orthodox marriage praxis paraklesis paschal greeting paschal homily paschal troparion prayer rope prosphora russian bell ringing semantron sign of the cross sticheron troparion vestments use of incense liturgical calendar paschal cycle 12 great feasts other feasts feast of orthodoxy intercession of the theotokos the four fasting periods nativity fast great lent apostles fast dormition fast major figures saints russian until 15th century russian post 15th century serbian american justin martyr athanasius of alexandria ephraim the syrian basil of caesarea cyril of jerusalem gregory of nazianzus gregory of nyssa john chrysostom cyril of alexandria john climacus maximus the confessor john of damascus theodore the studite kassia cyril and methodius photius i of constantinople vladimir the great sava i of serbia gregory palamas innocent of alaska other topics architecture folk encyclical of the eastern patriarchs cross saint titles statistics by country v t e three divine liturgies are in common use in the byzantine rite the divine liturgy of st john chrysostom 5th century used on most days of the year and as a vesperal liturgy on the annunciation the divine liturgy of st basil the great 4th century used on the five sundays of great lent and on saint basil s feast day january 1 on the eves of the nativity and theophany and on holy thursday and holy saturday it is celebrated as a vesperal liturgy in some traditions saint basil s liturgy is also celebrated on the exaltation of the life giving cross on september 14 citation needed in all this liturgy is used 10 times during the liturgical year the divine liturgy of the presanctified gifts 6th century is used during great lent on wednesdays fridays and a handful of other occasions and also on the first three days of holy week nowadays it is always celebrated as a vesperal liturgy the liturgy of the faithful has no anaphora eucharistic prayer the holy gifts having been consecrated and reserved presanctified at a previous divine liturgy it is traditionally attributed to st gregory the dialogist although some scholars believe it originated with patriarch severus of antioch as well as these there are two others that are used locally and rarely the liturgy of st james and the liturgy of saint mark the hierarchical liturgy edit as numbers in a diocese increased dramatically the bishop who presides over the eucharistic assembly appointed presbyters to act as celebrants in the local communities the parishes still the church is understood in eastern orthodoxy in terms not of the presbyter but the diocesan bishop when the latter celebrates the liturgy personally the service is more complex and festive to demonstrate unity with the greater orthodox community the hierarch commemorates the hierarch he is subordinate to or if he is head of an autocephalous church he commemorates all his peers whose names he reads from a diptych 6 typical structure edit note psalms are numbered according to the greek septuagint for the hebrew masoretic numbering that is more familiar in the west usually add 1 see the main psalms article for an exact correspondence table the format of divine liturgy is fixed although the specific readings and hymns vary with season and feast the divine liturgy consists of three interrelated parts when not in conjunction with vespers the liturgies of john chrysostom and basil the great are structured thus the liturgy of preparation which includes the entry and vesting prayers of the priests and deacons and the prothesis the liturgy of the catechumens so called because traditionally this is the only part they may attend the liturgy of the faithful so called because in ancient times only baptized members in good standing were allowed to participate in modern times this restriction applies only to reception of the sacrament of holy communion a typical celebration of the byzantine liturgy consists of liturgy of preparation edit main article liturgy of preparation this part of the liturgy is private performed only by the priest and deacon it symbolizes the hidden years of christ s earthly life entrance and vesting prayers the sacred servers priests and deacons enter the church venerate the icons and put on their vestments liturgy of preparation the priest and deacon prepare the bread and wine for the eucharist see prosphora at the table of oblation prothesis concluding with the great censing when the deacon s cense the entire church kairos a preliminary dialog takes place between the priest and the deacon liturgy of the catechumens edit this is the public part of the liturgy in which both catechumens and baptized faithful would be in the nave opening blessing the deacon exclaims bless master the priest raising the gospel book and making the sign of the cross with it over the altar proclaims blessed is the kingdom of the father and of the son and of the holy spirit now and ever and unto ages of ages to which the response is amen when the liturgy is at the usual time following matins or the sixth hour this order is followed great litany beginning with the deacon proclaiming in peace let us pray to the lord to which the response is lord have mercy first antiphon often psalm 102 unless there are festal antiphons in which case the refrain is through the prayers of the theotokos o saviour save us little litany second antiphon often psalm 145 unless there are festal antiphons in which case the refrain is typically o son of god who characteristic phrase from the introit save us who sing to thee alleluia only begotten son little litany third antiphon often the beatitudes with troparia from either the octoechos or the canon s sung at matins unless there are festal antiphons in which case the refrain is the troparion of the feast small entrance procession with the gospel book entrance hymn introit made up of two parts o come let us worship and fall down before christ or a psalm verse on feasts the refrain of the second antiphon sung as who art risen from the dead on sunday and who art wondrous in thy saints on weekdays with no feast troparia and kontakia hymns commemorating specific saints or feasts as appropriate to the liturgical calendar and local custom but when the liturgy is joined to vespers on christmas eve theophany eve the feast of the annunciation except when these days fall on saturday or sunday or in the annunciation s case during easter week holy thursday and holy saturday after the old testament readings the little litany is said and the liturgy continues from this point trisagion the thrice holy hymn or on certain days another hymn on christmas theophany lazarus saturday holy saturday easter and pentecost and certain days in their afterfeasts we sing as many as have been baptised into christ have put on christ alleluia galatians 3 26 on feasts of the cross we sing we venerate thy cross o master and we glorify thy resurrection prokeimenon epistle reading s alleluia with verses gospel reading s a sermon may be given here litany of fervent supplication let us all say with our whole soul and with our whole mind litany for the departed this is not said on sundays great feasts or during the paschal season litany of the catechumens and dismissal of the catechumens liturgy of the faithful edit in the early church only baptized members who could receive holy communion were allowed to attend this portion of the liturgy in common contemporary practice with very few local exceptions e g mount athos all may stay however in some places catechumens are formally dismissed for further study first litany of the faithful second litany of the faithful cherubikon chanted as spiritual representatives or icons of the angels replaced on holy thursday with of thy mystical supper replaced on holy saturday with let all mortal flesh keep silence great entrance procession taking the chalice and diskos paten from the table of oblation to the altar litany of completion let us complete our prayer to the lord the kiss of peace symbol of faith the nicene creed anaphora eucharistic prayer exclamation by the deacon let us stand upright blessing by the priest and sursum corda let us lift up our hearts greek ἄνω σχῶμεν τὰς καρδίας the epinikios hymnos or sanctus holy holy holy the eucharistic canon containing the anamnesis memorial of christ s incarnation death and resurrection and the words of institution epiklesis the calling down of the holy spirit upon the holy gifts bread and wine to change them into the body and blood of christ commemoration of saints interrupted by the theotokion hymn to the theotokos usually it is truly meet ἄξιόν ἐστιν unless it is the liturgy of st basil when all of creation rejoices in thee is sung or a feast holy thursday or holy saturday when the irmos of ode ix from the canon at matins is sung commemoration the dead in general and of the living concluding with of bishop and civil authorities remember o lord litany of supplication having called to remembrance all the saints lord s prayer bowing of heads holy things are for the holy communion hymn during which cutting the lamb for the consumption by the clergy communion of the priests and deacons cutting the lamb and putting the pieces into the chalice for the consumption by the congregation holy communion of the faithful we have seen the true light occasionally replaced with the troparion of the feast let our mouths be filled with thy praise o lord occasionally replaced with the troparion of the feast litany of thanksgiving prayer behind the ambon any special services blessings memorial services etc are normally said here blessed be the name of the lord psalm 112 2 psalm 33 dismissal a sermon is given here if it was not given after the gospel almost all texts are chanted throughout the divine liturgy not only hymns but litanies prayers creed confession and even readings from the bible depending on tradition in ancient rubrics and contemporary greek practice the sermon nicene creed and the lord s prayer are spoken read rather than chanted slavic traditions chant or sing everything except the sermon 7 oriental orthodox churches edit part of a series on oriental orthodoxy oriental orthodox churches coptic syriac armenian indian cilicia orthodox tewahedo ethiopian eritrean independent churches coptic british orthodox tewahedo tigrayan syriac malabar independent autonomous churches coptic french coptic orthodox church armenian constantinople jerusalem syriac jacobite syrian christian church history and theology history of oriental orthodoxy coptic history tewahedo history syriac history saint thomas christians ecumenical councils nicaea i constantinople i ephesus i ephesus ii ephesus iii dvin i dvin ii dvin iii dvin iv manzikert capharthutha shirakavan hromkla theology miaphysitism oriental orthodox theology non chalcedonian christianity liturgy and practices anaphora and rites alexandrian rite anaphora of saint gregory armenian rite west syriac rite liturgy of saint james liturgy of saint basil liturgy of saint cyril malankara rite holy qurobo calendars armenian coptic ethiopian julian gregorian bible peshitta coptic bible armenian bible orthodox tewahedo bible cross coptic cross armenian cross st thomas cross ethiopian cross major figures list of oriental orthodox saints cyril of alexandria mor addai abgar v gregory the illuminator nine saints of ethiopia tiridates iii mar awgin athanasius of alexandria ephrem the syrian ezana of axum frumentius shenoute mesrop mashtots dioscorus of alexandria severus of antioch abraham of farshut yared simon the tanner gregory of narek nerses iv michael the syrian gregory barhebraeus tekle haymanot giyorgis of segla mar thoma i gregorios abdal jaleel geevarghese gregorios related topics abuna catholicos catholicos of india patriarch of antioch maphrian ethiopian titles apostolic church ordinance coptic monasticism coptic saints debtera coonan cross oath ethiopian chant fast of nineveh coptic fasting tewahedo fasting timkat links and resources category media templates wikiproject christianity portal v t e divine liturgy is the normal word for church service in oriental orthodoxy in their own languages followers of the byzantine rite apply it to their eucharistic services but while in english the same word as also the word mass is at times used to speak of the corresponding services of the oriental orthodox churches the normal names used in those churches refers either to the aspect of offering sacrifice qurobo alohoyo in the syriac orthodox church badarak 8 in the armenian apostolic church prosfora 9 in the coptic orthodox church or of sanctifying keddase in the ethiopian orthodox tewahedo church 10 the oriental orthodox churches own a richness of different liturgies which are named after the anaphora included citation needed coptic liturgy edit at present the coptic orthodox church and coptic catholic church have three liturgies the liturgy of st basil 4th century the liturgy of st mark the apostle this liturgy is also known as the liturgy of st cyril the liturgy of st gregory the theologian the liturgy of st basil is celebrated on most sundays and contains the shortest anaphora the liturgy of st gregory is usually used during the feasts of the church but not exclusively in addition the clergy performing the liturgy can combine extracts of the liturgies of st cyril and st gregory to the more frequently used st basil at the discretion of the priest or bishop the main liturgy used by the coptic church is known as liturgy of saint basil 11 the term liturgies of saint basil in a coptic context means not only the sole anaphora with or without the related prayers but also the general order of the alexandrine rite liturgy 12 anaphora edit the egyptian or coptic anaphora of saint basil even if related and using the same antiochene or west syrian structure 13 represents a different group from the byzantine west syrian and armenian grouping of anaphoras of saint basil the egyptian version does not derive directly from the latter and has its own peculiarities its text is more brief with less scriptural and allusive enhancements and it lacks well defined trinitarian referenc...
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