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igrate migrate a sql server database from aws ec2 to compute engine migrate a sql server database from windows to linux disaster recovery disaster recovery for microsoft sql server disaster recovery for microsoft sql server on persistent disk disaster recovery for microsoft sql server on hyperdisk deploying microsoft sql server for multi regional disaster recovery back up sql server databases to a google cloud storage bucket back up sql server databases using instant snapshots cloning a microsoft sql server database on compute engine load test sql server using hammerdb redis deployment options for redis on google cloud containers containers on compute engine deploy containers on vms and managed instance groups configure options to run your container transition from the container startup agent prepare for the shutdown of the container startup agent prevent the creation of vms that use the container metadata migrate containers that were deployed on vms during vm creation openshift workloads openshift on google cloud overview plan for openshift on google cloud overview of cluster services for openshift automatic configuration validation for openshift clusters built in integrations for openshift best practices for high availability with openshift disaster recovery for openshift on google cloud disaster recovery strategies for active passive and active inactive setups with openshift microsoft windows windows workloads best practices for windows server vms setting up active directory best practices for running active directory on google cloud deploy microsoft sharepoint server on compute engine deploying microsoft exchange server 2016 on compute engine windows server perform an in place upgrade of windows server run windows server failover clustering ibm spectrum symphony integrate ibm spectrum symphony with google cloud install the compute engine symphony provider install the google kubernetes symphony provider troubleshoot ibm spectrum symphony others load testing distributed load testing using kubernetes ssh port forwarding and load testing analytics monte carlo methods using apache spark machine learning run tensorflow inference workloads with tensorrt5 and nvidia t4 gpu monitor monitor logs view audit logs view usage reports view compute engine operations migrate from activity logs to audit logs view activity logs monitor resources monitor vm and sole tenant node usage observe and monitor vms monitor gpu performance monitor gpu performance on linux vms monitor gpu performance on windows vms monitor disks monitor disk health monitor the replica states of regional disks monitor disks list of metrics for pools monitor pools monitor reservations organize resources using labels scale autoscale groups of vms about autoscaling groups of vms create and manage autoscalers scale based on cpu utilization scale based on predictions scale based on load balancing serving capacity scale based on monitoring metrics scale based on schedules use an autoscaling policy with multiple signals manage autoscalers understand autoscaler decisions view autoscaler logs autoscale node groups reserve vm capacity choose a reservation type sharing reservations best practices for shared reservations allow a project to share reservations on demand reservations about on demand reservations create an on demand reservation for a single project for multiple projects combine an on demand reservation with a cud modify an on demand reservation delete an on demand reservation future reservations about future reservations create a reservation request for a single project for multiple projects modify a reservation request delete a reservation request future reservations in calendar mode about future reservations in calendar mode create a reservation request in calendar mode delete a reservation request in calendar mode view reservations or reservation requests consume a reservation prevent vms from consuming reservations load balancing about load balancing and scaling add an instance group to a load balancer request routing to a multi region external https load balancer cross region load balancing for microsoft iis backends set up internal tcp udp load balancing build reliable and scalable applications use autohealing for highly available applications use load balancing for highly available applications use autoscaling for highly scalable applications globally autoscale a web service on compute engine patterns for scalable and resilient applications patterns for using floating ip addresses on compute engine optimize resource utilization use recommendations to manage resources apply machine type recommendations to vms configure machine type recommendations apply machine type recommendations to migs view and apply idle resources recommendations view and understand vm insights view and understand mig insights manage idle vm recommendations idle vm recommendations overview view and apply idle vm recommendations configure idle vm recommendations manage reservation recommendations reservation recommendations overview view and apply idle reservation recommendations view and apply underutilized reservation recommendations configure idle reservation recommendations configure underutilized reservation recommendations overcommit cpus on sole tenant vms manual live migration about manual live migration manually live migrate vms share sole tenant node groups next generation dynamic resource management cost savings get discounts for committed usage about commitments and committed use discounts cuds resource based cuds purchase resource based commitments without attached reservations with attached reservations for os licenses manage resource based commitments renew commitments automatically extend commitment terms merge and split commitments upgrade commitments share resource based cuds across projects get discounts for sustained usage disk performance optimize hyperdisk performance optimize persistent disk performance optimize local ssd performance workload performance set the number of threads per core customize the number of visible cpu cores analyze the cpu performance using the pmu pmu overview enable the pmu in vms manage the pmu in vms network performance network bandwidth use google virtual nic use irdma network driver use idpf network interface configure a vm with higher bandwidth reduce latency by using compact placement policies optimize tcp network communication optimize tcp network performance optimize tcp network resiliency benchmark higher bandwidth vms optimize app latency with load balancing use dpdk to improve network performance network performance and gpu vms networking and gpu machines use higher network bandwidth patterns for using multiple host nics troubleshoot general tips troubleshoot connectivity troubleshoot rdp troubleshoot ssh troubleshoot os login troubleshoot vms troubleshoot vm operations troubleshoot vm creation troubleshoot resource availability errors troubleshoot bulk api vm creation troubleshoot vm reboots and shutdowns troubleshoot vm suspension troubleshoot vm updates troubleshoot unresponsive vms troubleshoot vm startup troubleshoot fstab errors troubleshoot kernel panic collecting core dumps rescue an inaccessible vm troubleshoot cpu bus locks troubleshoot cpu soft lockups troubleshoot vm configurations troubleshoot arm vms troubleshoot gpu vms troubleshoot nvidia gpu errors generate a nvidia bug report for blackwell gpus troubleshoot nested virtualization troubleshoot using vm screenshots troubleshoot sole tenant nodes troubleshoot vm performance issues troubleshoot sudoers files troubleshoot windows vms troubleshoot windows vms collecting diagnostic information troubleshoot using the serial console troubleshoot using the serial console viewing serial port output troubleshoot instance groups troubleshoot managed instance groups migs troubleshoot os management troubleshoot licenses troubleshoot image import and export troubleshooting sles pay as you go registration troubleshooting ubuntu pro registration troubleshoot metadata server troubleshoot metadata server troubleshoot networking issues troubleshoot common networking issues troubleshoot network drivers troubleshoot vm performance issues troubleshoot storage troubleshoot disk creation troubleshoot full disks and disk resizing troubleshoot disk encryption troubleshoot nvme disks troubleshoot instant snapshots troubleshoot standard snapshots troubleshoot reservations and commitments troubleshoot reservation creation troubleshoot reservation consumption troubleshooting reservation monitoring troubleshoot reservation updates troubleshoot future reservation creation and updates troubleshoot automatic commitment renewal troubleshoot quota errors troubleshoot concurrent operation quota errors troubleshoot workload authentication troubleshoot default service accounts troubleshoot workload to workload authentication ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools home documentation compute compute engine guides send feedback viewing referrers to vm instances stay organized with collections save and categorize content based on your preferences if you want to view the relationships between vm instances and other compute engine resources use the listreferrers rest api method when you use rest compute engine returns a list of references that describe the source resource the resource that is pointing to the target resource the target resource the resource in question the reference type the relationship between the two resources for example you can use rest to conveniently view a list of instance groups that a vm instance belongs to before you begin if you haven t already set up authentication authentication verifies your identity for access to google cloud services and apis to run code or samples from a local development environment you can authenticate to compute engine by selecting one of the following options to use the rest api samples on this page in a local development environment you use the credentials you provide to the gcloud cli install the google cloud cli if you re using an external identity provider idp you must first sign in to the gcloud cli with your federated identity for more information see authenticate for using rest in the google cloud authentication documentation limitations you can only list relationships between vm instances and instance groups both managed and unmanaged you can only list referrers by using rest listing a single referrer a referrer is a resource that refers to another resource for vm instances a common referrer is an instance group for example assume that you have a vm instance named example ig a1 in zone us central1 a the vm instance is a member of an instance group called example ig in the same zone as shown in the diagram below to see this relationship call the listreferrers method on example ig a1 with the following http request get https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example ig a1 referrers the server returns standard list response containing the following items items target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example ig a1 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instancegroups example ig in this case the target is example ig a1 which is a member_of the referrer the example ig instance group listing multiple referrers if a resource has more than one referrer the response returns a list of all referrers for the target resource if an instance belongs to two instance groups the response contains both instance groups for example the following response indicates that the instance named example instance a2 belongs to two instance groups example ig and example ig 2 items target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example instance a2 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instancegroups example ig target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example instance a2 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instancegroups example ig 2 listing cross scope referrers the listreferrers method also returns information about referrers that exist inside other scopes such as other regions or zones for example assume that you have a vm instance that belongs to a regional managed instance group regional mig you call the listreferrers method targeting this instance with the following http request get https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances new instance a3 referrers the server returns a standard list response containing the following items items target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances new instance a3 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject regions us central1 instancegroups example rmig the response shows the regional instance group in the list of referrers listing referrers to all resources within a collection by using the wildcard character you can request a list of all referrers to all vm instances within a specific zone the request can be made with an http request that is similar to the following get https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances referrers the server returns a response containing a list of vm instances in the zone and references to the instance for example items target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example ig a1 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instancegroups example ig target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example ig a2 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instancegroups example ig target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances example ig a2 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instancegroups example ig 2 target https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject zones us central1 a instances new instance a3 referencetype member_of referrer https compute googleapis com compute v1 projects myproject regions us central1 instancegroups example rmig what s ne...
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