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bahrani arabic wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 examples of words borrowed from other languages 2 features toggle features subsection 2 1 phonology 3 see also 4 notes 5 references 6 further reading 7 external links toggle the table of contents bahrani arabic 20 languages العربية asturianu brezhoneg español فارسی français hrvatski bahasa indonesia 日本語 한국어 limburgs македонски piemontèis português русский ไทย türkçe українська اردو tiếng việt edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia variety of arabic of eastern arabia and oman not to be confused with bahraini gulf arabic bahrani arabic baharna arabic bahrani shīʿite arabic العربية البحرانية native to bahrain saudi arabia 1 ethnicity baharna native speakers 730 000 2019 1 language family afro asiatic semitic central semitic arabic peninsular bahrani arabic dialects qatifi writing system arabic alphabet arabic chat alphabet language codes iso 639 3 abv glottolog baha1259 image reference needed bahrani arabic also known as bahrani or baharna arabic is a variety of arabic spoken by the baharna in eastern arabia and oman 2 in bahrain the dialect is primarily spoken in shia villages and some parts of manama in saudi arabia the dialect is spoken in the governorate of qatif in oman it is spoken in the governorates of al dhahirah and al batinah the bahrani arabic dialect has been significantly influenced by the ancient aramaic syriac and akkadian languages 3 4 in bahrain bahrani is more typical of the mostly shia and mostly rural baharna who make up the older population group of bahrain and it exists alongside gulf arabic which is mostly spoken by sunni arabs who started arriving in the late 18th century the gulf arabic of the sunni arabs who are concentrated in the cities of bahrain and importantly include the royal family became the prestige language of the country leading to baharna arabic becoming influenced by it 5 the persian language has debatably had the most foreign linguistic influence on all bahraini dialects 6 the differences between bahrani arabic and other bahraini dialects suggest differing historical origins the main differences between bahrani and non bahrani dialects are evident in certain grammatical forms and pronunciation most of the vocabulary however is shared between dialects or is distinctly bahraini arising from a shared modern history 5 examples of words borrowed from other languages edit bānka ceiling fan from hindi पंखा or persian pankeh پنکه 7 137 note 1 soumān equipment from urdu jūti shoe from hindi or urdu joota جوتا 7 134 laytar lighter from english wīl wheel from english taym time from english darīsheh window from persian darecheh دریچه 8 9 note 2 doushag mattress from persian doshak دوشک orradi already from english laytāt lights from english like gulf arabic bahrani arabic has borrowed some vocabulary from persian urdu ottoman turkish and more recently from english features edit researcher clive holes divided the sedentary dialects of the gulf to two types type a which includes the dialects of sunni tribes that settled in eastern arabia between the 17th and 19th century and the huwala this group includes the standard gulf arabic dialects of kuwait qatar bahrain and uae type b which includes the dialects of omani ibadis and eastern arabian shia the baharna bahrani arabic called baħrāni by its speakers shares many features with surrounding type a dialects e g kuwait uae qatar some general features classical arabic q becomes g for example gamar moon classical arabic ð becomes d for example danab tail q and ð is preserved for some classical arabic borrowings for example ðulqaʕdah dhu al qa dah affrication of k to tʃ in many words for example tʃalb fox θ has the free variant f and in some dialects t for example falāfeh or talāteh three dʒ becomes j in some rural dialects for example yiħħe watermelon usage of sh suffix ʃ as a feminine second person pronoun akin to masculine k for example babish your door usage of sentence final particle e pronounced ɛː to indicate questions for example inzaine ok phonology edit bahrani arabic consonants 10 labial dental denti alveolar alveolar palatal velar uvular pharyngeal glottal plain emphatic plain emphatic nasal m n plosive voiceless t tˤ tʃ k q ʔ voiced b d dˤ dʒ ɡ fricative voiceless f θ s sˤ ʃ x ħ h voiced ð z ɣ ʕ trill r approximant l j w bahrani arabic vowels 10 front back close i iː u uː mid e eː o oː open a aː ɑ ɑː see also edit varieties of arabic peninsular arabic notes edit common in various indo iranian languages said to have roots in sanskrit dareecheh means small door or trap door or vent in turkish they say pancere panjereh like persian but darecheh is exclusively a loanword from persian meaning little door references edit 1 2 bahrani arabic at ethnologue 25th ed 2022 arabic baharna spoken ethnologue retrieved 2013 07 29 jastrow otto 2002 non arabic semitic elements in the arabic dialects of eastern arabia otto harrassowitz verlag pp 270 279 isbn 9783447044912 cite book work ignored help holes clive 2001 dialect culture and society in eastern arabia glossary brill pp xxix xxx isbn 9004107630 cite book work ignored help 1 2 bassiouney reem 2009 5 arabic sociolinguistics edinburgh edinburgh university press pp 105 107 dialect culture and society in eastern arabia glossary clive holes 2001 page xxx isbn 90 04 10763 0 1 2 al tajer mahdi abdulla 1982 language linguistic origins in bahrain taylor francis pp 134 135 isbn 9780710300249 persian dareesha دریچه wordreference forums 2008 01 15 retrieved 2024 09 19 دریچه معنی در دیکشنری آبادیس abadis ir retrieved 2024 09 19 1 2 al tajir mahdi abdalla 1982 language and linguistic origins in baḥrain the baḥārnah dialect of arabic london k paul international isbn 0 7103 0024 7 further reading edit mahdi abdalla al tajir 1983 language and linguistic origins in bahrain the bahrani dialect of arabic isbn 0 7103 0024 7 clive holes 1983 bahraini dialects sectarian differences and the sedentary nomadic split zeitschrift für arabische linguistik 10 7 38 clive holes 1987 language variation and change in a modernising arab state the case of bahrain isbn 0 7103 0244 4 clive holes 2001 dialect culture and society in eastern arabia glossary isbn 90 04 10763 0 clive holes dialect and national identity the cultural politics of self representation in bahraini musalsalat in paul dresch and james piscatori eds monarchies and nations globalisation and identity in the arab states of the gulf london i b tauris 2005 p 60 external links edit bahrani arabic test of wikipedia at wikimedia incubator baharna arabic travel phrases dialects of the arabian peninsula v t e arabic language overviews language alphabet history romanization numerals influence on other languages scripts nabataean script arabic script ancient north arabian ancient south arabian script arabic numerals eastern numerals arabic braille algerian braille maltese braille diacritics ijam tashkil harakat nunation tanwin shaddah hamza dagger alif maltese alphabet letters alif ba ta tha gim ḥa kha dal dhal ra zay sin shin ṣad ḍad ṭa ẓa ayn ghayn fa qaf kaf lam mim nun ha waw ya varieties pre islamic proto arabic nabataean arabic old arabic old hijazi arabic pre classical arabic literary classical modern standard modern spoken maghrebi pre hilalian andalusi sicilian maltese australian cottenera gozitan qormi żejtun żurrieqi urban ceuta tunis north eastern tunisian fessi village eastern sahili sahel sfaxian jijel lesser kabylia western traras msirda jebli mountain judeo maghrebi judeo moroccan judeo tripolitanian judeo tunisian hilalian central hilal algerian judeo algerian algerian saharan eastern algerian eastern hilal tunisian maqil hassaniya nemadi moroccan eastern western western algerian sulaym libyan western egyptian bedawi nile valley egyptian saʽidi sudanese levantine north cilician lebanese syrian aleppine damascene south jordanian palestinian mesopotamian gilit baghdadi khuzestani shawi south north qeltu anatolian cypriot judeo iraqi baghdadi peninsular bahrani bareqi bedawi dhofari gulf bahraini emirati kuwaiti khamseh hejazi k group yafiʽi najdi omani shihhi yemeni hadhrami indonesian sanʽani taʽizzi adeni tihami judeo yemeni others central asian bactrian bukhara kashkadarya khorasani shirvani chadian nigerian sociological bedouin arabic judeo arabic judeo algerian judeo egyptian judeo iraqi baghdadi judeo moroccan kjal wqal judeo palestinian judeo syrian judeo tripolitanian judeo tunisian tunisene judeo yemeni adeni beda habban sanʽani creoles and pidgins bimbashi bongor gulf pidgin jordanian bengali pidgin juba maridi nubi pidgin madam turku academic literature names linguistics standard arabic phonology sun and moon letters tajwid imala irab case grammar triliteral root mater lectionis ipa quranic arabic corpus calligraphy script ajami script diwani hijazi script jawi script jeli thuluth kairouani kufic maghrebi mashq muhaqqaq naskh script nastaliq rasm ruqʽa script shahmukhi sini script taliq script tawqi thuluth technical arabic keyboard arabic script in unicode iso iec 8859 6 windows 1256 ms dos codepages 708 709 710 711 720 864 macarabic encoding other islam and arabic language italics indicate extinct languages languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left category v t e languages of bahrain official language arabic bahrani gulf semiofficial language english minority languages iranian persian balochi achomi pashto indo aryan hindi punjabi urdu dravidian malayalam telugu tamil armenian sign languages arabic sign language main foreign languages english malay v t e languages of oman official language arabic oman portal main foreign language english minority languages balochi baṭḥari ḥarsusi hobyót kumzari luwati mehri shehri swahili varieties of arabic bahrani arabic omani arabic dhofari shihhi sign languages omani sign language v t e languages of saudi arabia official language arabic vernacular arabic baharna bareqi bedawi gulf hejazi najdi other spoken faifi mehri sign languages saudi sign language main foreign languages english malay retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title bahrani_arabic oldid 1375419808 categories languages of saudi arabia languages of bahrain languages of oman mashriqi arabic peninsular arabic hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata language articles citing ethnologue 25 articles containing arabic language text all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from november 2022 cs1 errors periodical ignored this page was last edited on 17 september 2026 at 17 38 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents bahrani arabic 20 languages add topic
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