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ary 1857 and is the oldest multidisciplinary university of the indian subcontinent and the southeast asian region today the university s jurisdiction is limited to a few districts of west bengal but at the time of its establishment it had a catchment area ranging from kabul to myanmar it is accredited as an a grade university by the national assessment and accreditation council naac the university has a total of fourteen campuses spread over the city of kolkata and its suburbs since 2020 update 151 colleges and 21 institutes and centres have been affiliated with cu the university was fourth in the indian university ranking 2021 list released by the national institutional ranking framework of the ministry of education its alumni and faculty include several heads of state and government social reformers prominent artists the only indian dirac medal winner many fellows of the royal society and six nobel laureates as of 2025 update the nobel laureates associated with this university are ronald ross rabindranath tagore c v raman amartya sen and abhijit banerjee the university has the highest number of students who have cleared the national eligibility test the university of calcutta is a member of the united nations academic impact history edit pre independence edit frederic j mouat the education secretary to the british government of india first tendered a proposal to them in london for the establishment of a university in calcutta along the lines of london university in july 1854 4 the court of directors of the east india company sent a dispatch known as wood s despatch to the governor general of india in council to establish universities in calcutta madras and bombay 5 6 the university of calcutta in the late nineteenth century by francis frith the calcutta university act came into force on 24 january 1857 and a 41 member senate was formed as the policy making body of the university the land for the establishment of the university was given by maharaja maheshwar singh bahadur who was the maharaja of darbhanga when the university was first established it had a jurisdiction from kabul to rangoon and ceylon the largest of any indian university 7 calcutta university was the first university east of suez to teach european classics english literature european and indian philosophy and occidental and oriental history 8 9 the first medical school in british india the calcutta medical college was affiliated with the university in 1857 10 the first college for women in india bethune college is also affiliated with the university 11 from 1836 to 1890 government science college jabalpur the first indian science college was affiliated with the university of calcutta 12 the first university library began functioning in the 1870s bankim chandra chattopadhyay and joddu nath bose became the first graduates of the university in 1858 and kadambini ganguly and chandramukhi basu were the first indian female graduates in 1882 13 14 15 the first chancellor and vice chancellor of the calcutta university were governor general lord canning and chief justice of the supreme court sir william colvile respectively ashutosh mukherjee was the vice chancellor for four consecutive two year terms 1906 1914 and a fifth two year term in 1921 1923 5 16 17 calcutta medical college in 1910 initially the university was only an affiliating and examining body all the academic and teaching work was done in constituent colleges which were the presidency college the scottish church college the sanskrit college and the bengal engineering college during that period the council room of the calcutta medical college and the private residence of the vice chancellor used to house the senate meetings the faculty councils generally met at the residences of the presidents of the faculties concerned in the civil engineering college or in the writers building because of the lack of space university examinations were conducted in the kolkata town hall and in tents in the maidan urban park 18 in 1866 a grant of 81 600 equivalent to 37 million or us 390 000 in 2023 for the site and 170 561 equivalent to 78 million or us 810 000 in 2023 was sanctioned to construct the new building on college street it opened in 1873 and was called senate house it had meeting halls for the senate a chamber for the vice chancellor the office of the registrar examination rooms and lecture halls in 1904 postgraduate teaching and research began at the university which led to an increase in the number of students and candidates after almost sixty years a second building known as the darbhanga building was erected in 1912 with a donation of 2 5 lakh equivalent to 7 7 crore or us 800 000 in 2023 from maharaja maheshwar singh bahadur 18 the darbhanga building housed the university law college its library and some university offices and afforded space to hold university examinations on its top floor in the same year the government of british india granted a sum of 8 lakh equivalent to 25 crore or us 2 6 million in 2023 for the acquisition of a market madhab babu s bazar situated adjacent to the senate house and construction of a new building for the teaching departments began it opened in 1926 and was later named the asutosh building after asutosh mukherjee vice chancellor of the university in 1906 1914 between 1912 and 1914 taraknath palit and rash behari ghosh two eminent lawyers donated assets totalling 25 lakh equivalent to 67 crore or us 6 9 million in 2023 and founded the university college of science at upper circular road now known as acharya prafulla chandra road 18 senate hall of university of calcutta early 1910s post independence edit before the partition of india twenty seven colleges from east bengal now bangladesh were affiliated with the university the government of west bengal passed the calcutta university act of 1951 which substituted the earlier act of 1904 and ensured a democratic structure for the university the west bengal secondary education act was passed in the same year linking the university with the school leaving examination gradually the requirements of the university grew and the senate house was becoming incapable of handling them after the centenary of calcutta university the building was demolished to make space for a more utilitarian building in 1957 the university s centenary year it received a grant of 1 crore equivalent to 100 crore or us 10 million in 2023 from the university grants commission which aided with the construction of the centenary building on the college street campus and the law college building on hazra road campus the economics department got its own building in 1958 near barrackpore trunk road in 1965 the goenka hospital diagnostic research centre for the university college of medicine was opened as the university health service until 1960 senate house was one of the city s most prominent landmarks 18 19 the university of calcutta building on college street in 1968 the centenary building opened on the former location of the senate house currently it houses the central library the asutosh museum of indian art the centenary auditorium and a number of university offices by the mid 1970s it had become one of the largest universities in the world it had 13 colleges under its direct control and more than 150 affiliated colleges along with 16 postgraduate faculties 20 in the year 2001 the university of calcutta was awarded the five star status in the first cycle of the university s accreditation by the national assessment and accreditation council naac in 2009 and 2017 the naac awarded its highest grade of a to the university of calcutta in the second and third cycle of the university s accreditation 21 22 in 2019 the university s central library and 40 departmental libraries were opened to the public they have over one million books and more than 200 000 journals proceedings and manuscripts 23 18 seal edit the seal has changed multiple times over the years the first seal dates back to 1857 it was changed when the government of india act 1858 was passed by the british parliament this brought the government and territories of the east india company including the university of calcutta under the british crown seal three four and five were introduced in the 1930s the fourth seal faced criticism locally the current university seal is the modified version of the sixth seal the motto advancement of learning has remained the same through the seal s transitions 24 evolution of seals campuses edit ashutosh building at the college street campus rajabazar campus kolkata sahid khudiram siksha prangan or alipore campus hazra campus kolkata technology campus salt lake the university has a total of 14 campuses spread over the city of kolkata and its suburbs they are referred to as sikhsa prangan which means education premises major campuses include the central campus ashutosh shiksha prangan on college street university college of science technology and agriculture rashbehari shiksha prangan or rajabazar science college or science college in rajabazar taraknath palit shiksha prangan in ballygunge and sahid khudiram siksha prangan in alipore other campuses include the hazra road campus the university press and book depot the b t road campus the viharilal college of home science campus the university health service the haringhata campus the dhakuria lakes university rowing club and the university ground and tent at maidan 25 26 27 asutosh siksha prangan edit asutosh siksha prangan commonly called the college street campus is the university s main campus where the administrative work is done located on college street it is spread over an area of 2 7 acres 1 1 ha it houses the arts and language department administrative offices museum the central library an auditorium etc 28 29 exhibits like folk art of bengal are present in the asutosh museum of indian art 30 senate house was the first university building situated on this campus it opened in 1872 in 1960 it was demolished to make way for a larger building the centenary building which opened in 1968 the darbhanga building and the asutosh building are the two other buildings opened in 1921 and 1926 respectively 18 rashbehari siksha prangan edit main article university college of science technology and agriculture rashbehari siksha prangan also known as university college of science and technology or more commonly rajabazar science college is located on acharya prafulla chandra road in rajabazar established in 1914 31 it houses several scientific and technological departments including pure and applied chemistry pure and applied physics applied optics and photonics radio physics applied mathematics psychology physiology biophysics molecular biology and others 25 32 taraknath palit siksha prangan edit main article university college of science technology and agriculture taraknath palit siksha prangan also known as university college of science or commonly ballygunge science college on ballygunge circular road in the southern part of the city houses the departments of agriculture anthropology biochemistry microbiology botany geography genetics statistics zoology neuroscience marine science biotechnology and most notably geology among others 25 it also houses s n pradhan centre for neurosciences and the institute of agricultural science 33 sahid khudiram siksha prangan edit sahid khudiram siksha prangan commonly known as alipore campus located at alipore is the humanities campus of the university the departments of history ancient indian history and culture islamic history and culture south and southeast asian studies archaeology political science business management and museology are situated on this campus 34 technology campus edit the technology campus also known as the tech camps is the newest on the university it brings together the three engineering and technical departments the centre for research in nanoscience and nanotechnology the department of computer science and engineering the a k c school of information technology and the department of applied optics and photonics in sector 3 jd block salt lake 31 35 36 map of the university of calcutta campuses organisation and administration edit commemorative postal stamp 1957 governance edit the university is governed by a board of administrative officers which includes the vice chancellor pro vice chancellor for academic affairs pro vice chancellor for business affairs and finance the registrar the university librarian the inspector of colleges the system manager and 35 others they monitor the operation of the university and its affiliated colleges and the university s funding 37 38 the university is funded by the university grants commission the government of west bengal other agencies for various research works and by the university s own initiatives like fees sales proceeds publications and service charges generated from endowment funds 39 40 jurisdiction edit main articles list of colleges affiliated to the university of calcutta and list of centres affiliated to the university of calcutta at one time the university had a huge catchment area in british india ranging from lahore in the west to rangoon in east and ceylon in the south colleges like thomason engineering college now iit roorkee muhammedan anglo oriental college now aligarh muslim university canning college lucknow now university of lucknow king george medical college now king george s medical university etc were affiliated to the university schools situated in districts like rawalpindi lahore jaypur cawnpur and mussoorie used to prepare and send students for the university entrance examination no provisions to curtail territorial control were made after establishment of university of punjab and allahabad in 1882 and 1887 respectively after the indian universities act of 1904 came in however for the first time the university s control was curtailed to bengal which included orissa and bihar assam and burma provinces in the act the governor general in council was given the power to the limit territorial jurisdiction of the five universities calcutta bombay madras the punjab and allahabad 41 following the government of british india notification on 20 august 1904 ceylon went under the university of madras provinces states and agencies of central india such as the central india agency rajputana agency united provinces of agra and oudh etc went to the hands of university of allahabad northern and north western provinces and states went under the university of punjab jurisdiction of schools and colleges in eastern india was retained by calcutta university by 1907 two colleges in punjab three in the central province five in the state of rajputana agency six in the united provinces of agra and oudh and seven in ceylon were disaffiliated a series of disaffiliations continued till 1948 schools and colleges in orissa and bihar province went under university of patna after its establishment in 1917 university of rango...
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