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obolo अंगिका العربية ܐܪܡܝܐ الدارجة مصرى অসমীয়া asturianu atikamekw kotava aymar aru azərbaycanca تۆرکجه башҡортса basa bali boarisch žemaitėška batak toba bikol central беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская betawi български भोजपुरी bislama banjar bamanankan বাংলা བོད ཡིག brezhoneg bosanski batak mandailing буряад català 閩東語 mìng dĕ̤ng ngṳ̄ нохчийн cebuano کوردی corsu qırımtatarca čeština kaszëbsczi словѣньскъ ⱄⰾⱁⰲⱑⱀⱐⱄⰽⱏ чӑвашла cymraeg dansk dagbanli deutsch dagaare thuɔŋjäŋ zazaki dolnoserbski kadazandusun ދިވެހިބަސް eʋegbe ελληνικά emiliàn e rumagnòl esperanto español eesti euskara estremeñu فارسی fulfulde suomi võro na vosa vakaviti føroyskt fɔ̀ngbè français arpetan nordfriisk furlan frysk gaeilge gagauz 贛語 kriyòl gwiyannen gàidhlig galego avañe ẽ गोंयची कोंकणी gõychi konknni 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 ગુજરાતી farefare gaelg hausa 客家語 hak kâ ngî hawaiʻi עברית हिन्दी fiji hindi hrvatski hornjoserbsce kreyòl ayisyen magyar հայերեն արեւմտահայերէն interlingua jaku iban bahasa indonesia interlingue igbo ilokano ido íslenska medžuslovjansky italiano ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ inuktitut 日本語 patois la lojban jawa ქართული taqbaylit jju адыгэбзэ kabɩyɛ tyap kongo қазақша ភាសាខ្មែរ ಕನ್ನಡ yerwa kanuri 한국어 перем коми کٲشُر ripoarisch kurdî коми kernowek кыргызча latina ladino lëtzebuergesch лакку лезги lingua franca nova luganda limburgs ligure ladin lombard lingála ລາວ lietuvių latgaļu latviešu madhurâ मगही basa banyumasan malagasy олык марий māori minangkabau македонски മലയാളം монгол ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ ဘာသာမန် मराठी bahasa melayu malti mirandés မြန်မာဘာသာ эрзянь مازِرونی nāhuatl napulitano nedersaksies plattdüütsch नेपाली li niha nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål novial nouormand sesotho sa leboa diné bizaad chi chewa occitan livvinkarjala oromoo ଓଡ଼ିଆ ирон ਪੰਜਾਬੀ kapampangan papiamentu picard naijá deitsch pälzisch polski piemontèis پنجابی nawat پښتو português runa simi rumantsch romani čhib ikirundi română armãneashti русский русиньскый ikinyarwanda संस्कृतम् саха тыла ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ sardu sicilianu scots سنڌي davvisámegiella srpskohrvatski српскохрватски taclḥit සිංහල simple english slovenčina سرائیکی slovenščina gagana samoa anarâškielâ chishona soomaaliga shqip српски srpski siswati seeltersk svenska kiswahili ślůnski sakizaya தமிழ் తెలుగు tetun тоҷикӣ ไทย türkmençe tagalog setswana lea faka tonga toki pona tok pisin türkçe татарча tatarça chitumbuka twi reo tahiti ئۇيغۇرچە uyghurche українська اردو oʻzbekcha ўзбекча vèneto vepsän kel tiếng việt west vlams volapük walon winaray wolof 吴语 isixhosa მარგალური ייִדיש yorùbá vahcuengh zeêuws ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ 文言 閩南語 bân lâm gí 粵語 中文 isizulu edit links article talk english read view source view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read view source view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects abstract wikipedia wikimedia commons wikiquote wikisource wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia first century jewish preacher and religious leader several terms redirect here for other uses see jesus disambiguation christ disambiguation jesus christ disambiguation and jesus of nazareth disambiguation jesus יֵשׁוּעַ the christ pantocrator of saint catherine s monastery at mount sinai 6th century ad a born c 6 to 4 bc b herodian kingdom roman empire 7 died ad 30 or 33 aged 33 39 jerusalem then in judaea roman empire cause of death crucifixion c occupations preacher religious leader rabbi builder craftsman known for central figure of christianity major messenger and prophet in islam major prophet in druze faith manifestation of god in baháʼí faith parents mary joseph d part of a series on jesus in christianity christology names and titles christ life of jesus gospels gospel harmony places holy family christ child mary joseph virgin birth nativity baptism ministry sermon on the mount miracles parables humiliation crucifixion instrument used true cross burial resurrection ascension obedience heavenly session intercession apparitions and visions of jesus second coming jesus in islam masih gospel names and titles mary disciples death mahdi end times background background to the new testament language spoken by jesus jesus s race genealogy mental health of jesus historical jesus chronology quest for the historical jesus historicity sources for the historicity of jesus reliability of the gospels mythology jesus myth theory criticism unknown years relics religious perspectives on jesus christian jewish talmud islamic ahmadiyya baháʼí faith manichaean mandaean josephus tacitus theosophy bar serapion jesus in culture life in art life of christ museum depiction jesuism christianity portal islam portal v t e jesus e c 6 to 4 bc ad 30 or 33 also known as jesus christ f jesus of nazareth and by various other names and titles was a 1st century jewish preacher and religious leader in the roman province of judaea 12 he is the central figure of christianity the world s largest religion most branches of christianity consider jesus the incarnation of god the son and the awaited messiah or christ accounts of jesus s life are contained in the gospels especially the four canonical gospels of the new testament since the enlightenment academic research has produced various views on the historical reliability of the gospels and the extent to which they reflect the historical jesus 13 g 16 17 but virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that jesus existed historically h according to christian tradition as represented in the gospels and the acts of the apostles jesus was circumcised at eight days old presented at the temple in jerusalem at 40 days old baptized by john the baptist as a young adult and after 40 days and nights of fasting in the wilderness began his public ministry he was an itinerant teacher whom his followers believed to possess divine authority in interpreting jewish law jesus often debated with other jews most commonly the pharisees and sadducees about how best to follow god engaged in healings taught in parables and gathered followers 12 of whom he appointed as his apostles according to the new testament accounts he was arrested in jerusalem and tried by the sanhedrin 25 handed over to the roman authorities and crucified on the order of pontius pilate the roman prefect of judaea in christian theology the resurrection is the event in which jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his death and this belief became the foundation of the early christian church which expanded into a worldwide movement 26 christian theology includes the beliefs that jesus was conceived by the holy spirit was born of a virgin named mary performed miracles founded the christian church died by crucifixion as a sacrifice for atonement for sin was resurrected by god the father and ascended into heaven from where he will return christians commonly believe that jesus enables people to be reconciled to god the nicene creed asserts that jesus will judge the living and the dead either before or after their bodily resurrection an event associated with the second coming of jesus in christian eschatology many branches of christianity consider jesus as the incarnation of god the son the second of the three persons of the trinity i the birth of jesus in bethlehem is celebrated annually generally on 25 december j as christmas his crucifixion is commemorated on good friday and his resurrection on easter sunday the world s most widely used calendar era in which the current year is ad 2026 or 2026 ce is traditionally based on the approximate date of the birth of jesus 27 mainstream judaism rejects the belief that jesus was the awaited messiah holding that he did not fulfil messianic prophecies was not lawfully anointed and was neither divine nor resurrected in contrast jesus in islam k is considered the messiah and a prophet of god who was sent to the israelites and will return to earth before the day of judgement muslims believe that jesus was born of the virgin mary but was neither god nor the son of god most muslims do not believe that he was killed or crucified but that god raised him into heaven while he was still alive l jesus is also revered in the baháʼí and druze faiths as well as in rastafari name further information jesus name names and titles of jesus in the new testament holy name of jesus and names of god in christianity from top left aramaic hebrew greek latin and english transcriptions of the name jesus a jewish person in jesus s time usually had only one name sometimes followed by a patronymic phrase of the form son of father s name or by the person s home town 28 thus in the new testament jesus is commonly referred to as jesus of nazareth m jesus s neighbours in nazareth referred to him as the carpenter the son of mary and brother of james and joses and judas and simon the carpenter s son or joseph s son in the gospel of john the disciple philip refers to him as jesus son of joseph from nazareth 29 the name jesus is the english transliteration through latin iesus of ancient greek ἰησοῦς which is the greek rendering of the hebrew name joshua יְהוֹשֻׁעַ yehoshua 30 31 the hebrew aramaic name was common among judean jews at the time of jesus s birth 32 although by that period it had been shortened to יֵשׁוּעַ yeshua from יְהוֹשֻׁעַ yehoshua 33 the contraction had already occurred in later biblical books such as nehemiah 34 where joshua is referred to as yeshua 35 the name means god saves in hebrew literally yahweh saves 36 from the root ישׁע y š ʿ to save and the noun יְשׁוּעָה yeshuah salvation the gospel of matthew asserts the etymological significance of jesus s name explicitly in the prophecy of the angel to joseph about his birth you will call his name jesus ἰησοῦς for he will save σώσει his people from their sins 37 the fact that moses successor joshua bears the same name as jesus in the original greek hebrew and aramaic has been given theological significance by commentators as a parallel is often drawn between the two leaders and the etymology of their shared name to save joshua leads the jews into the promised land while in christianity jesus is understood to save both jews and gentiles from their sins 38 39 31 40 jesus christ since the 1st century christians have commonly referred to jesus as jesus christ 41 the word christ is not a given name but was originally a title or office the christ meaning the messiah 42 43 the term derives from the greek χριστός christos 44 45 a calque of the hebrew word משיח mashiakh transliterated into english as messiah 46 the hebrew term means anointed from the verb מָשַׁח mashaḥ to rub with oil to anoint 47 in the septuagint the hebrew word was rendered into greek as χριστός christos meaning anointed 48 from the verb χρίω chrio to rub with oil to anoint 49 in biblical judaism sacred oil was used to anoint certain exceptionally holy people and objects as part of their religious investiture 50 early christians designated jesus as the christ because they believed him to be the messiah whose arrival is prophesied in the hebrew bible old testament in post biblical usage christ came to be viewed as a name one part of jesus christ the term christian meaning a follower of christ has been in use since the 1st century 51 life and teachings in the new testament main article life of jesus further information new testament places associated with jesus events in the life of jesus according to the canonical gospels early life annunciation visitation joseph s dreams nativity virgin birth annunciation to the shepherds adoration of the shepherds circumcision adoration of the magi flight into egypt massacre of the innocents presentation return to nazareth finding in the temple ministry baptism temptation commissioning the twelve apostles sermon on the mount plain beatitudes lord s prayer miracles parables prayer rejection transfiguration passion triumphal entry into jerusalem temple cleansing second coming prophecy anointing last supper farewell discourse paraclete promised agony in the garden kiss of judas arrest sanhedrin trial mocking herod s court pilate s court flagellation crown of thorns via dolorosa crucifixion descent from the cross entombment harrowing of hell resurrection empty tomb appearances noli me tangere road to emmaus great commission ascension in rest of the new testament road to damascus john s vision portals christianity bible v t e canonical gospels main articles gospel gospel harmony and historical reliability of the gospels a 3rd century greek papyrus of the gospel of luke the four canonical gospels matthew mark luke and john are the foremost sources for the life and message of jesus 28 other parts of the new testament also include references to key episodes in his life such as the last supper in 1 corinthians 11 23 26 52 53 54 55 acts of the apostles 56 refers to jesus s early ministry and its anticipation by john the baptist 57 58 12 acts 1 1 11 59 provides more detail about the ascension of jesus 60 than the canonical gospels do 61 in the undisputed pauline letters which were written earlier than the gospels jesus s words or instructions are cited several times 62 n some early christian groups had separate descriptions of jesus s life and teachings that are not included in the new testament these include the gospel of thomas gospel of peter gospel of judas the apocryphon of james and many other apocryphal writings most scholars conclude that these texts were written later and are less historically reliable than the canonical gospels 65 66 67 authorship date and reliability the canonical gospels are four accounts each attributed to a different author the authors of the gospels are generally regarded as pseudonymous and are attributed by tradition to the four evangelists each associated with jesus or his close followers 68 mark by john mark an associate of peter 69 matthew to one of jesus s disciples 68 luke to a companion of paul mentioned in a few epistles 68 and john to another of jesus s disciples 68 the beloved disciple 70 according to marcan priority the first to be written was the gospel of mark ad 60 75 followed by the gospel of matthew ad 65 85 the gospel of luke ad 65 95 and the gospel of john ad 75 100 71 most scholars agree that the authors of matthew and luke used mark as a source for their gospels since matthew and luke also share some content not found in mark many scholars infer that they used a hypothetical q source in addition to mark while a growing number support the farrer hypothesis or matthean posteriority in which matthew and luke used each other directly 72 73 74 luke and matthew treat their sources more conservatively than other ancient historians like diodorus siculus though the parallels and variations of the synoptic gospels are typical of ancient historical biographies 75 76 one important aspect of the study of the gospels is the literary genre under which t...
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