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enzies liberal country coalition government is re elected with a decreased majority defeating the labor party led by former prime minister ben chifley chifley dies a little over a month after the election he will be replaced by his deputy h v evatt may edit may 1 the opera house of geneva switzerland is almost destroyed in a fire may 3 king george vi opens the festival of britain in london including the royal festival hall 10 the u s senate committee on armed services and u s senate committee on foreign relations begin their closed door hearings into the dismissal of general douglas macarthur by u s president harry s truman may 8 operation greenhouse the first thermonuclear weapon is tested in the george test on enewetok atoll in the marshall islands by the united states may 15 a military coup occurs in bolivia may 23 the tibetan government signs the seventeen point agreement for the peaceful liberation of tibet with the people s republic of china may 24 operation greenhouse the first atomic bomb boosted by the inclusion of tritium is tested in the item test on enewetok atoll in the marshall islands by the united states may 25 26 british spies guy burgess and donald maclean leave the united kingdom to defect to the soviet union 11 june edit june 7 nazi war criminal otto ohlendorf is hanged at landsberg prison bavaria june 14 univac i is dedicated by the u s census bureau 12 june 15 july 1 in new mexico arizona california oregon washington and british columbia thousands of acres of forests are destroyed in fires july edit july 2 the cremated remains of mary reeser are found at her home in saint petersburg florida she is believed to have been a victim of spontaneous human combustion 13 the fbi believes that the near total consumption of her body by the fire was caused by the wick effect july 4 william shockley of bell labs in the united states announces the invention jointly with john bardeen and walter brattain of the grown junction transistor 14 also this year general electric and rca develop the alloy junction transistor july 10 korean war armistice negotiations begin at kaesong a formal peace agreement between canada and germany is signed july 13 vuoristorata one of the oldest still operating wooden roller coasters in europe is opened at the linnanmäki amusement park in helsinki finland 15 16 july 16 king leopold iii of belgium abdicates in favour of his son baudouin who on july 17 takes the oath as king of belgium july 20 king abdullah i of jordan is assassinated by a palestinian while attending friday prayers in jerusalem he is succeeded by his son king talal july 22 soviet space dogs dezik and tsygan become the first to enter space in a 15 minute sub orbital spaceflight in an r 1 rocket being safely parachuted back to earth 17 july 23 marshal philippe pétain former prime minister and head of state of france chief of state of vichy france during world war ii hero commander of world war i who led the french army to victory at the nine month long battle of verdun for which he was called the lion of verdun dies while serving a sentence of life imprisonment on the island of île d yeu at 95 years old july 26 the first birch bark manuscript is discovered in novgorod july 28 convention relating to the status of refugees a multilateral treaty of the united nations is signed at a special conference in geneva defining the status of refugees and setting out the basis for granting right of asylum coming into force on 22 april 1954 august edit august 11 rené pleven becomes prime minister of france august 31 the first volkswagen type 1 rolls off the production line in uitenhage south africa september edit september 1 the united states australia and new zealand all sign a mutual defense pact the anzus treaty september 2 the sri lanka freedom party is founded by s w r d bandaranaike september 8 treaty of san francisco in san francisco 48 representatives out of 51 attending sign a peace treaty with japan formally ending the pacific war the delegations of the soviet union poland and czechoslovakia do not sign the treaty instead favoring separate treaties the u s japan security treaty which allows united states armed forces to be stationed in japan even after the end of the occupation of japan is signed by japan and the united states september 9 chinese communist forces move into lhasa the capital of tibet september 10 the united kingdom begins an economic boycott of iran september 20 nato accepts greece and turkey as members september 26 28 a blue sun is seen over europe the effect is due to ash coming from the canadian forest fires 4 months previously september 30 charlotte whitton becomes mayor of ottawa and canada s first woman mayor of a major city october edit october 2 television in the netherlands commences with the first broadcast from nts also television in denmark from dr1 october 3 8 korean war first battle of maryang san united nations primarily australian forces drive back the chinese october 6 malayan emergency communist insurgents kill british commander sir henry gurney october 14 the organization of central american states organización de estados centroamericanos odeca is formed october 15 norethisterone the progestin used in the combined oral contraceptive pill is synthesized by luis e miramontes in mexico on television the situation comedy i love lucy airs its first episode on cbs in the u s october 16 judy garland begins a series of concerts in new york s palace theatre prime minister liaquat ali khan of pakistan is assassinated east china normal university is founded in shanghai china october 19 the state of war between the united states and germany is officially ended october 21 a storm in southern italy kills over 100 october 24 u s president harry truman declares an official end to war with germany october 26 winston churchill is re elected prime minister of the united kingdom a month before his 77th birthday in a general election which sees the defeat of clement attlee s labour government after 6 years in power 18 october 27 king farouk i of egypt declares himself king of the sudan with no international recognition or support november edit november 1 desert rock exercises the first military exercises for nuclear war with infantry troops included are held in the nevada desert november 2 6 000 british troops are flown into egypt to quell unrest in the suez canal zone 19 november 10 direct dial coast to coast telephone service begins in the united states november 11 juan perón is re elected president of argentina november 12 the national ballet of canada performs for the first time in eaton auditorium toronto november 20 the po river floods in northern italy november 29 leo runs the world s first commercial computer program bakery valuations for j lyons and co s tea shops in the u k december edit c december the institute of war and peace studies is established by dwight d eisenhower at columbia university in new york of which he is president with william t r fox as first director 20 december 3 lebanese university is founded in lebanon december 6 a state of emergency is declared in egypt due to increasing riots december 13 a water storage tank collapses in tucumcari new mexico united states resulting in 4 deaths and 200 buildings destroyed december 17 we charge genocide a petition describing genocide against african americans is delivered to the united nations december 20 experimental breeder reactor i ebr 1 the world s first experimental nuclear power plant opens in idaho united states a chartered curtiss c 46 commando crash lands in cobourg ontario canada all on board survive the world meteorological organization becomes a specialized agency of the united nations december 22 the selangor labour party is founded in selangor malaya december 24 libya becomes independent from britain and france idris i is proclaimed king gian carlo menotti s 45 minute opera amahl and the night visitors premieres live on nbc in the united states becoming the first opera written especially for television december 31 the marshall plan expires after distributing more than 13 3 billion us in foreign aid to rebuild europe 21 unknown dates edit ibm united kingdom is formed 22 an 18 year old sailor is fined for kissing in public in stockholm sweden the law court calls his actions obnoxious behavior repulsive to the public morals 22 the continental united states becomes malaria free 23 24 births edit births january february march april may june july august september october november december january edit phil collins dave benton january 1 ashfaq hussain urdu poet nana patekar indian actor screenwriter philanthropist and filmmaker 25 january 2 jan fischer 8th prime minister of the czech republic january 3 charles w mills british born american philosopher d 2021 26 january 5 bakunde ilo pablo congolese musician january 8 kenny anthony lucian politician two time prime minister of saint lucia john mctiernan american film maker january 9 crystal gayle american country music singer january 12 rush limbaugh american conservative radio personality d 2021 chris bell american musician d 1978 january 18 elijah cummings african american politician d 2019 january 20 rouslan saghabalyan russian writer journalist and screenwriter 27 january 23 sully sullenberger american diplomat and pilot january 25 steve prefontaine american runner d 1975 january 30 phil collins english rock musician and producer january 31 harry wayne casey kc american musician songwriter and producer phil manzanera british rock musician 28 february edit blaise compaoré gordon brown edward albert february 3 blaise compaoré 3rd president of burkina faso 1987 2014 29 eugenijus riabovas lithuanian football manager february 10 bob iger american ceo of the walt disney company 30 february 12 rossana ordóñez venezuelan journalist d 2021 31 february 14 kevin keegan english footballer and manager february 15 melissa manchester american pop singer jane seymour english actress february 16 william katt american film television actor february 19 muhammad tahir ul qadri pakistani islamic sufi scholar leader february 20 gordon brown scottish born prime minister of the united kingdom 32 edward albert american film and television actor d 2006 february 22 ellen greene american actress february 23 patricia richardson american actress february 24 debra jo rupp american actress february 25 don quarrie jamaican sprinter 33 february 27 steve harley british glam rock singer songwriter d 2024 34 march edit chris rea kurt russell march 1 deb fischer us senator march 3 heizō takenaka japanese economist march 4 edelgard bulmahn german politician kenny dalglish scottish footballer and manager chris rea english singer songwriter and guitarist d 2025 linda yamamoto japanese pop star march 6 gerrie knetemann dutch cyclist d 2004 march 8 karen kain canadian ballerina march 9 zakir hussian indian tabla virtuoso composer percussionist music producer and actor march 10 gloria diaz filipino actress of film and television model and beauty queen march 13 charo spanish american singer entertainer march 14 jerry greenfield american co founder of ben jerry s ice cream march 17 kurt russell american actor march 18 ben cohen american co founder of ben jerry s ice cream march 20 jimmie vaughan american blues rock guitarist and singer march 24 tommy hilfiger american fashion designer 35 march 25 jumbo tsuruta japanese professional wrestler d 2000 march 26 aleksey buldakov russian actor d 2019 carl wieman american physicist nobel prize laureate 36 march 30 wolfgang niedecken german singer april edit peabo bryson beatrix schuba olivia hussey tony danza vladimír špidla ace frehley dale earnhardt april 4 louis hendrik potgieter south african lead singer of dschinghis khan in munich germany d 1994 april 5 dean kamen american inventor entrepreneur fr sylvester wijayakulasuriya parish priest guy vanderhaeghe canadian author april 6 rita raave estonian actress april 7 janis ian american singer songwriter april 8 geir haarde prime minister of iceland 2006 2009 joan sebastian mexican singer songwriter d 2015 april 12 tom noonan american actor d 2026 citation needed april 13 peabo bryson african american singer d 2026 37 peter davison british actor max weinberg american drummer april 14 julian lloyd webber english cellist greg winter english biochemist nobel prize laureate april 15 beatrix schuba austrian figure skater april 16 björgvin halldórsson icelandic singer pierre toutain dorbec french photographer april 17 horst hrubesch german footballer olivia hussey argentine born actress romeo and juliet d 2024 milagros mata gil venezuelan novelist and essayist 38 april 19 jóannes eidesgaard prime minister of the faroe islands april 20 louise jameson british actress luther vandross african american r b soul singer songwriter d 2005 april 21 tony danza american actor and comedian vladimír špidla 4th prime minister of the czech republic april 22 paul carrack english singer april 24 enda kenny 13th taoiseach of ireland april 27 jim justice american politician ace frehley american rock guitarist kiss d 2025 freundel stuart 7th prime minister of barbados april 29 kwesi amissah arthur ghanaian economist academic and politician d 2018 dale earnhardt american race car driver d 2001 may edit christopher cross anatoly karpov antonis samaras may 3 christopher cross american singer songwriter may 4 jackie jackson american pop singer may 6 antonio saldías chilean historian samuel doe president of liberia d 1990 may 9 christopher dewdney canadian poet joy harjo native american poet may 13 james whale presenter british radio personality television host podcast host and author d 2025 may 15 yoshifumi hibako japanese general jonathan richman american musician frank wilczek american physicist nobel prize laureate 39 may 16 unshō ishizuka japanese voice actor d 2018 jonathan richman american musician may 18 ben feringa dutch organic chemist nobel prize laureate may 19 joey ramone american rock musician ramones d 2001 dick slater american professional wrestler d 2018 may 20 christie blatchford canadian newspaper columnist journalist and broadcaster d 2020 40 mike crapo us senator r idaho may 22 kenneth bianchi american serial killer and rapist 41 may 23 jill e barad american businessperson anatoly karpov russian chess player antonis samaras greek economist politician and 185th prime minister of greece may 25 jamaluddin jarjis malaysian politician d 2015 may 26 ramón calderón spanish lawyer and businessman lou van den dries dutch mathematician sally ride american astronaut d 2012 madeleine taylor quinn irish politician may 30 stephen tobolowsky american actor fernando lugo president of paraguay may 31 jimmy nalls american guitarist sea level d 2017 june edit jill biden suze orman bonnie tyler stellan skarsgård álvaro colom mary mcaleese june 2 jeanine pirro lebanese american attorney politician and conservative political commentator larry robinson canadian h...
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