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de navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 origins 2 theology toggle theology subsection 2 1 salvation 2 2 sacraments and rites 2 3 sources of teaching 3 prayer worship and liturgy 4 membership 5 lifestyle 6 contemporary methodist denominations toggle contemporary methodist denominations subsection 6 1 europe 6 1 1 great britain 6 1 2 ireland 6 1 3 italy 6 1 4 nordic and baltic countries 6 1 5 france 6 1 6 germany 6 1 7 hungary 6 1 8 russia 6 2 caribbean 6 2 1 antigua 6 2 2 st barts 6 2 3 jamaica 6 2 4 barbados 6 3 africa 6 3 1 nigeria 6 3 2 ghana 6 3 3 southern africa 6 4 asia 6 4 1 china 6 4 2 hong kong 6 4 3 india 6 4 4 malaysia and singapore 6 4 5 philippines 6 4 6 south korea 6 4 7 taiwan 6 5 americas 6 5 1 brazil 6 5 2 canada 6 5 3 mexico 6 5 4 united states 6 6 oceania 6 6 1 australia 6 6 2 fiji 6 6 3 new zealand 6 6 4 samoan islands 6 6 5 tonga 7 ecumenical relations 8 see also 9 notes 10 references 11 further reading toggle further reading subsection 11 1 world 11 2 great britain 11 3 african americans 11 4 united states 11 5 canada 11 6 primary sources 12 external links toggle the table of contents methodism 72 languages العربية مصرى asturianu azərbaycanca български català čeština cymraeg dansk deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français arpetan gaeilge galego 客家語 hak kâ ngî עברית हिन्दी kreyòl ayisyen magyar հայերեն interlingua jaku iban bahasa indonesia íslenska italiano 日本語 ქართული kabɩyɛ қазақша ភាសាខ្មែរ 한국어 latina lietuvių latviešu malagasy македонски bahasa melayu nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål nouormand polski پښتو português runa simi română русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски simple english slovenčina shqip српски srpski siswati svenska kiswahili தமிழ் türkçe українська اردو oʻzbekcha ўзбекча tiếng việt 吴语 მარგალური 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from methodist denomination of protestant christianity methodist and methodist church redirect here for other uses see methodism disambiguation and methodist church disambiguation part of a series on methodism john wesley background history in the united states divergence from anglicanism arminianism first great awakening moravianism nonconformism pietism wesleyan theology doctrine doctrinal standards bible old testament new testament creeds nicene creed apostles creed articles of religion sermons on several occasions explanatory notes upon the new testament distinctive beliefs and practices assurance of faith conditional preservation of the saints priesthood of all believers sainthood four sources of theological authority covenant theology substitutionary atonement imparted righteousness moral law new birth free will outward holiness prevenient grace real presence sanctification growth in grace sunday sabbatarianism christian perfection second work of grace baptism with the holy spirit views on sin victorious living works of piety works of mercy worship the sunday service of the methodists covenant renewal service revival service altar call mourner s bench prayer request praise report testimony camp meeting tabernacle tent revival brush arbor revival lovefeast singings watchnight service people john wesley charles wesley richard allen francis asbury thomas coke john william fletcher orange scott william williams pantycelyn benjamin titus roberts walter ashbel sellew howell harris albert outler james varick countess of huntingdon phoebe palmer george whitefield list of bishops list of theologians groups churches methodist church of great britain free methodist church united methodist church african methodist episcopal church african methodist episcopal zion church world methodist council global methodist church other methodist denominations organization connexionalism general conference methodist circuit pastoral charge class meeting penitent band related groups holiness movement conservative holiness movement holiness pentecostalism evangelicalism other relevant topics calvinistic methodism saints in methodism methodist views on alcohol methodist local preacher itinerant preacher circuit rider steward homosexuality and methodism ordination of women in methodism bishops in methodism christianity protestantism christianity portal v t e part of a series on protestantism outline concepts anti protestantism bible criticism culture demographics ecclesiology liturgy relations with catholics theologies five solas history proto protestantism bohemian reformation reformation magisterial radical counter martin luther ninety five theses augsburg confession huldrych zwingli john calvin arminianism crypto protestantism nonconformists dissenters puritans john wesley pietism great awakenings in america revival meetings branches proto protestants hussites waldensians lutherans reformed continental presbyterians congregational anglicans continuing anabaptists amish hutterites mennonites quakers baptists black church methodists radical pietism shakers stone campbell plymouth brethren pentecostals adventist irvings holiness keswickians eastern protestant united and uniting churches nondenominational movements augsburg catholics charismatics neo charismatics confessionalism confessing movement convergence church growth ecumenism emerging church evangelicalism fundamentalism high church liberalism mainlines neo charismatics neo orthodoxy new calvinism paleo orthodoxy progressivism spiritual christianity christianity portal v t e methodism also called the methodist movement is a protestant christian tradition whose origins doctrines and practice derive from the life and teachings of john wesley 1 george whitefield and john s brother charles wesley were also significant early leaders in the movement they were named methodists for the methodical way in which they carried out their christian faith 2 3 methodism originated as a revival movement within the church of england in the 18th century though methodism diverged from anglicanism and became a separate denomination after wesley s death 4 5 the evangelical movement spread throughout the british empire the united states and beyond due to vigorous missionary work 4 6 and today has about 50 million adherents worldwide nb 1 7 most methodist denominations are members of the world methodist council nb 2 wesleyan theology formulated by john wesley and codified by the systematic theologian john william fletcher is upheld by the wesleyan methodist denominations 8 it focuses on sanctification and the transforming effect of the holy spirit on the character of a christian exemplified by living a victorious life over sin 9 10 unique to wesleyan methodism is its definition of sin a voluntary transgression of a known law of god 11 12 distinguishing doctrines include the new birth 13 14 imparted righteousness and obedience to god manifested in performing works of piety john wesley held that entire sanctification was the grand depositum or foundational doctrine of the methodist faith and its propagation was the reason god brought methodists into existence 15 16 10 methodists hold that the witness of the holy spirit assures the believer of having experienced the new birth as well as entire sanctification 17 18 19 scripture is considered the primary authority but methodists also look to christian tradition including the historic creeds wesleyan methodists teach that jesus christ the son of god died for all of humanity and that salvation is achievable for all 20 this is the arminian doctrine nb 3 as opposed to the calvinist reformed position that god has predestined the salvation of a select group of people however whitefield and several other early leaders of the movement were considered calvinistic methodists and held to the reformed position 21 the movement has a wide variety of forms of worship ranging from high church to low church in liturgical usage in addition to tent revivals and camp meetings held at certain times of the year 22 denominations that descend from the british methodist tradition are generally less ritualistic while worship in american methodism varies depending on the methodist denomination and congregation 23 methodist worship distinctiveness includes the observance of the quarterly lovefeast the watchnight service on new year s eve as well as altar calls in which people are invited to experience the new birth and entire sanctification 24 25 services of worship may include the opportunity for congregants to share prayer requests praise reports and salvation testimonies 26 27 its emphasis on growing in grace after the new birth and after being entirely sanctified led to the creation of class meetings for encouragement in the christian life 28 methodism is known for its rich musical tradition and charles wesley was instrumental in writing much of the hymnody of methodism 29 in addition to evangelism methodism is known for its charity as well as support for the sick the poor and the afflicted through works of mercy that flow from the love of god and neighbor evidenced in the entirely sanctified believer 30 31 32 these ideals the social gospel are put into practice by the establishment of hospitals orphanages soup kitchens and schools to follow christ s command to spread the gospel and serve all people 33 34 31 methodists are historically known for their adherence to the doctrine of nonconformity to the world reflected by their traditional standards of a commitment to sobriety prohibition of gambling regular attendance at class meetings and weekly observance of the friday fast 35 36 early methodists were drawn from all levels of society including the aristocracy nb 4 but the methodist preachers took the message to social outcasts such as criminals in britain the methodist church had a major effect in the early decades of the developing working class 1760 1820 38 in the united states it became the religion of many slaves who later formed black churches in the methodist tradition 39 origins edit for a detailed history of methodism in britain see methodist church of great britain history further information history of methodism in the united states and john wesley persecutions and lay preaching john wesley charles wesley the methodist revival began in england with a group of men including john wesley 1703 1791 and his younger brother charles wesley 1707 1788 as a movement within the church of england in the 18th century 40 41 the wesley brothers founded the holy club at the university of oxford where john was a fellow and later a lecturer at lincoln college 42 the club met weekly and they systematically set about living a holy life they were accustomed to receiving communion every week fasting regularly abstaining from most forms of amusement and luxury and frequently visiting the sick and the poor and prisoners the fellowship were branded as methodist by their fellow students because of the way they used rule and method in their religious affairs 43 44 in 1735 at the invitation of the founder of the georgia colony general james oglethorpe both john and charles wesley set out for north america to be ministers to the colonists and missionaries to the native americans 45 unsuccessful in their work the brothers returned to england conscious of their lack of genuine christian faith they sought help from peter boehler and other members of the moravian church at a moravian service in aldersgate on 24 may 1738 john wesley experienced what has come to be called his evangelical conversion when he felt his heart strangely warmed 46 he records in his journal i felt i did trust in christ christ alone for salvation and an assurance was given me that he had taken away my sins even mine and saved me from the law of sin and death 47 charles wesley had reported a similar experience a few days previously considering this a pivotal moment daniel l burnett writes the significance of john wesley s aldersgate experience is monumental without it the names of wesley and methodism would likely be nothing more than obscure footnotes in the pages of church history 48 the following year john wesley left the moravians and founded the methodist societies of england the yearly anniversary of his experience is celebrated by methodists on aldersgate day wesley s chapel in nearby city road remains a major focal point of the worldwide methodist charismatic movement 49 the wesley brothers immediately began to preach salvation by faith to individuals and groups in houses in religious societies and in the few churches which had not closed their doors to evangelical preachers 50 john wesley came under the influence of the dutch theologian jacobus arminius 1560 1609 arminius had rejected the calvinist teaching that god had predestined an elect number of people to eternal bliss while others perished eternally conversely george whitefield 1714 1770 howell harris 1714 1773 51 and selina hastings countess of huntingdon 1707 1791 52 were notable for being calvinistic methodists george whitefield returning from his mission in georgia george whitefield joined the wesley brothers in what was rapidly becoming a national crusade 50 whitefield who had been a fellow student of the wesleys and prominent member of the holy club at oxford became well known for his unorthodox itinerant ministry in which he was dedicated to open air preaching reaching crowds of thousands 50 a key step in the development of john wesley s ministry was like whitefield to preach in fields collieries and churchyards to those who did not regularly attend parish church services 50 accordingly many methodist converts were those disconnected from the church of england wesley remained a cleric of the established church and insisted that methodists attend their local parish church as well as methodist meetings because only an ordained minister could perform the sacraments of baptism and holy communion 2 faced with growing evangelistic and pastoral responsibilities wesley and whitefield appointed lay preachers and leaders 50 methodist preachers focused particularly on evangelising people who had been neglected by the established church of england wesley and his assistant preachers organized the new converts into methodist societies 50 these societies were divided into groups called classes intimate meetings where individuals were encouraged to confess their sins to one another and to build up each other they...
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